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At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Distribution of 3H-proline within transseptal fibers of the rat following release of orthodontic forces.

Maxillary right first molar teeth of rats were tipped mesially with an orthodontic appliance for 2 weeks (experimental group), 3H-proline was injected, and orthodontic forces were removed 6 hr later (time 0). The contralateral molar teeth of treated (internal control group) and age- and weight-matched untreated animals (external control group) were also studied. Diastemata were created between the molar teeth by the orthodontic appliance, and transseptal fibers between first and second (P less than 0.001) and second and third molars (P less than 0.005) were significantly lengthened as compared to external and internal controls at time 0. Diastemata between molar teeth were closed 5 days after removal of orthodontic force. Transseptal fibers adjacent to the source of the orthodontic force (mesial region) had the highest mean number of 3H-proline-labeled proteins at time 0 and at all times following removal of the force (P less than 0.001), and had the highest rate of labeled protein removal (P less than 0.001). Half-lives for removal of 3H-proline-labeled transseptal fiber proteins were significantly greater in mesial and distal regions and significantly less in middle regions of experimentals than in corresponding regions of external controls (P less than 0.001). These data suggest the following: 1) transseptal fibers adjust their length by rapid remodeling in regions experiencing a tensile force; 2) collagenous protein turnover within the middle third of the transseptal fibers is more rapid subsequent to release of orthodontic force than during normal physiologic drift, suggesting that this region adapts rapidly to changes in adjacent tooth position and that these fibers do not play a significant role in relapse of orthodontically relocated teeth; and 3) significant differences in turnover rates of 3H-proline-labeled transseptal ligament proteins of external and internal control quadrants suggest that tooth movement produces both local and systemic effects on collagenous protein metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Distribution of 35S-sulfate within the transseptal ligament of the mouse.

The distribution of 35S-sulfate-labeled macromolecules was examined within three regions of the transseptal ligament: the 1) mesial, 2) middle and 3) distal thirds. Swiss mice, 6 weeks of age, were injected with 35S-sulfate and killed after 1, 6, and 12 hours and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 days. Silver grains and cell nuclei were counted on autoradiographs which had been counterstained by the Van Gieson method, and mean counts were analyzed statistically. Analysis of variance revealed no significant differences in mean number of cell nuclei between regions throughout the course of the experiment. 35S-sulfate was rapidly incorporated into the transseptal ligament macromolecules. Grain counts were highest 6 hours after injections: counts were highest over the middle and lowest over the mesial thirds of the ligament. The rate of grain removal was significantly higher in the middle third compared to the mesial or distal thirds (P less than 0.001) and was significantly lower in the mesial third compared to the middle or distal thirds (P less than 0.001). The half-life of labeled macromolecules was significantly greater in the mesial and distal thirds than in the middle third (P less than 0.005). The data demonstrate significantly higher rates of turnover of 35S-sulfate-labeled macromolecules in the middle region of the transseptal ligament. Since cellular density was similar throughout the transseptal ligament, higher turnover rates of 35S-sulfate-labeled macromolecules probably indicate higher rates of cellular activity in this region, possibly a result of tissue remodeling coincident to stresses generated by occlusal forces and physiologic drift of the adjacent teeth.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Needs and demands for dental care in patients attending the University Dental Hospital in Sri Lanka.

AIMS: To determine the needs and demands for dental care in patients visiting a university dental hospital. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of first visit patients. SETTING: The University Dental Hospital in Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 849 first visit patients. METHODS: The main complaint of each patient was recorded and was considered as a measure of demand for dental care. Tooth based and orthodontic treatment needs were assessed using the WHO basic methods. Periodontal treatment need was assessed by the periodontal treatment needs system. Need for prosthetic care was also assessed. RESULTS: Thirty per cent and 23% of patients demanded treatment for decayed teeth and toothache respectively. Nearly 34%, 27% and 17% of patients needed surgical, restorative and periodontal care respectively for the main complaint. Of those seeking care, 94% needed treatment other than what was required for the main complaint. The predominant normative treatment need was for periodontal care (77%) whilst 47% needed restorations or extractions. CONCLUSION: Normative needs of patients demanding treatment were high and many had demanded treatment before acute symptoms had developed. However, delays in seeking care were evident. Further studies are needed to identify factors for delay in obtaining care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The effects of caffeine on the maxillary composition in the newborn rat.

The possible influence of caffeine on maxillary structure was studied. Seventeen pregnant rats at days 9 of gestation were randomly divided into two groups. The dams of group 1 received a 20% protein diet ad libitum throughout the experimental period. The dams of group 2 were pair-fed, with group 1, a 20% protein diet supplemented with 2 mg/100 g body weight (B.W.) caffeine. At birth, pups were mixed within the same group and 8 randomly selected pups were assigned to each dam and continuously fed the respective diet. On day 22, 11 male pups from the control and 12 males from the caffeine group were randomly selected, separated from the dams, and continued to be fed their respective diets. On day 44, a rubber elastic band was inserted between the first and second maxillary right molars. The size of the elastic band was increased throughout the next 5 days. Animals were sacrificed at day 49 and the composition of the maxillas was analyzed. After pulverization, organic and inorganic contents of the bones were measured. Zinc (Zn) and hydroxyproline concentration of the caffeine group showed a significant decrease when compared with those of the controls. However, Ca, P, Mg, and hexosamine concentration showed no difference between the groups. The interdental space measured occlusally and laterally with the visual method, and occlusally in histological sections showed no significant difference between the control and caffeine groups, although variation of the space in the caffeine group was less than in the control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Mandibular incisor stability after bimaxillary orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction in the upper arch.

To evaluate long-term changes in the lower incisor region, a comparison was made between children with large overjet treated with extraction of the upper first premolars and fixed appliances in both jaws and untreated children with normal occlusion. The treatment group consisted of 26 children and was studied with plaster models on 5 occasions: before treatment, at the end of active treatment, at the end of retention, after 1 year out of retention and at the last registration 4 to 5 years out of retention. The total time from the start of treatment to the last registration was 9 years and 10 months. Cephalometric registrations were made at the first and last registrations. The group of untreated children, the control group, consisted of 19 individuals. They were also studied with plaster models and lateral headfilms during a period of 10 years. The age of the treatment group and the control group at the last registration was 21.7 years and 20.4 years, respectively. At the first registration there was an available space in the lower anterior region of -0.06 mm (+/- 1.73) in the treatment group and + 0.4 mm (+/- 2.00) in the control group. At the last registration the available space for the treatment group was -1.4 mm (+/- 1.31), an extra space loss of 0.8 mm; in the control group the space loss was 1.3 mm and the available space was thus -0.9 mm. No significant difference in anterior lower jaw crowding could be seen between the treatment and control group at the last registration. Subjective ranking of the plaster models from the final registrations according to the amount of crowding in the lower anterior region showed no significant difference between the treatment and the control group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

The eleventh hour or where are our orthodontic limits? Case report.

It is illustrated in a patient with periodontal attachment loss up to the apical root third that a combined periodontal/orthodontic approach may be beneficial even in seemingly hopeless cases. The problems of orthodontic limits and the positive effects of guided tissue regeneration are discussed.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

[Correlations of orthodontics and periodontics].

Periodontics and orthodontics are correlated with one other in many ways. For instance, periodontal conditions have to be considered in the orthodontic treatment of adults, special orthodontic measures are taken to enhance a periodontal treatment, and when periodontal surgery is performed for the prevention of relapse or the disimpaction of teeth. Dental practitioners working in the field of orthodontics should have a sound understanding of the biology and pathology of the periodontium in order to avoid causing periodontal lesions, or when lesions are present, how best to determine prognosis and differential treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The tooth transplant in orthodontic treatment planning].

The analysis of all examined transplant cases combined treated with orthodontics shows a success rate of 76%. It must be underlined that the germ development at the time of the transplantation is of utmost importance. The best possible time proved to be at a root development of 2/3 to 3/4. Exact indication position, a careful atraumatic operation method and a short time of operation are also important factors of a successful transplantation. If all these preconditions are met, this method can be recommended.

Adolescent↗