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PubMed1984

Stress and coping: constructs for nursing.

'Stress' is considered to be an important construct for consideration by nurses, as it helps in the understanding of the patients' responses to illness. In this paper there is an exploration of conditions under which stress may occur. 'Coping' is also discussed. Coping potentially reduces stress either by dealing with demands and stressors, or with their effects on the individual.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Stressors as the cause of gerontopsychiatric diseases].

It is permitted to apply concepts of stress theory to clinical geropsychiatry. Biographical factors, health, illness, organic and psychosocial factors of immediate and indirect kind are very important on development and course of geropsychiatric disease. Special significance has the influence of aging. Quantity and quality of stressors must be judged as non-specificial causal factors. Treatment depends on ascertained factors. The interpretation is explained on examples of depression, dementia, and institutionalism syndrome.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2002

Psychological dimensions of celiac disease: toward an integrated approach.

Psychic alterations have been reported in celiac disease. Our aim was to evaluate the emotional impact of celiac disease diagnosis in adulthood, the patient/doctor relationship, and the patients' cooperation with disease treatment and diet. The patients were 114 adult celiac patients on a gluten-free diet, there were 25 untreated celiac patients. Self-administered questionnaires aimed to evaluate the patients' level of knowledge of disease, the emotional impact at diagnosis, and feelings during follow-up. Celiac patients showed good knowledge of the disease, directly correlated to their socioeconomic level (P = 0.011). At diagnosis, relief was most intense feeling (Mean +/- SD, 10.82 +/- 7.63), demographics, time latency of diagnosis, and the duration of the disease had no effect on the intensity of all feelings. The scores of the self-rated emotions were entered into a principal component analysis that generated three factors: 1 (fear, anger, anxiety and sadness), 2 (reassurance and resignation), and 3 (relief); patients judged the clinicians presenting the disease "in the right way" (F = 33.279; P < 0.0001). The right way correlated with relief and reassurance (P = 0.0009; P = 0.0008 respectively). At follow-up, anger was the predominant emotion that induced patients to transgress. A positive correlation was observed between feeling different and the sadness, anger, fear (P < 0.0001 for all). Anger was inversely correlated with actual compliance to diet (P = 0.0005). In conclusion, in adult patients, adaptive and psychological aspects must be taken into account to understand the celiac patient and for better clinical management.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1982

The effects of psychological preparation on pain and recovery after minor gynaecological surgery: a preliminary report.

Investigated the effects of psychologically preparing patients for minor gynaecological surgery. A total of 59 women who were undergoing elective laparoscopy were assigned randomly to three experimental conditions: Preparation, in which an informative preoperative interview was conducted; placebo, in which a reassuring preoperative interview was held; and control, in which no contact was made prior to surgery. The women were assessed postoperatively in terms of pain, anxiety and attitudes and required to complete a follow-up questionnaire that followed a 3-week interval, which assessed subjective report of recovery rate. The results showed similar levels of pain report for all groups, although significantly fewer prepared patients requested postoperative analgesia. No differences in pain reports emerged at follow-up, although there was a tread for prepared patients to report a more rapid return to full health. The results are considered in the context of explanatory models that have been proposed to account for the effects of psychological preparation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

Psychological adjustment problems in people with traumatic spinal cord lesions.

A traumatic spinal cord lesion causes not only physical injury but also an emotional state of crisis. The adjustment process is characterized by various phases, such as denial, depression and aggression. Psychological treatment is therefore essential: emotional catharsis, and the opportunity for the patient to tell his life-story, can enable the patient to gain a sense of order and perspective. Results from this study showed that the level at which a lesion occurs has no effect on the adjustment process. People with a cervical lesion seem just as capable as those with a thoracic lesion of achieving renewed psychological equilibrium.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Women's liberation groups as a primary preventive mental health strategy.

As a preventive mental health worker in a community mental health center, I considered it part of my role to explore the possible therapeutic value of women's liberation groups in the community. I was particularly concerned with countering the sense of isolation and powerlessness prevalent among female adults in our suburban catchment area. Subsequent investigation and participant observation of women's groups bore out my expectation that many of the goals, premises, and methods of preventive mental health were compatible with those of women's liberation groups. These groups provided a very effective framework for personal as well as interpersonal and sociocultrual change in the direction of psychological growth.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2006

Ostomy care and rehabilitation in colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVES: To review ostomy care in colorectal cancer, current trends in assessment, management, and treatment, and the role of the enterostomal therapy (ET) nurse in cancer care. DATA SOURCES: Published literature and the author's clinical experiences in ostomy wound care. CONCLUSION: Care of the patient with colorectal cancer requiring an ostomy involves both physical and psychological rehabilitation. The education and skills of an ET/wound, ostomy, and continence (WOC) nurse can provide a valuable service to the patient/family, surgeon, oncology nurse, and other health care providers. IMPLICATIONS FOR ONCOLOGY NURSES: An ostomy is not a handicapping procedure. Living well with a colostomy can be achieved through proper patient preparation, education, and planning. Provision of individualized comprehensive care facilitates physical and psychological rehabilitation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

The psychological challenges facing melanoma patients.

This article discusses the challenges facing melanoma patients with regard to coping with their illness in ways that foster psychological adjustment and emotional well-being. It focuses especially on the importance of patients maintaining an emotional response that is proportionate to the reality of their illness and that balances the negative and positive aspects, such that the patient is neither underreacting nor overreacting. The many obstacles to achieving a well-proportioned and well-balanced emotional response are discussed. The article also addresses how physicians can help patients meet these psychological challenges.

Adaptation, Psychological↗