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This paper describes an adhesive technique to restore cervical erosion and abrasion lesions so that the area can be used for clasp retention of a removable partial denture. An enamel fragment is used to recontour the area, achieving function and esthetics.
All new patients attending a dental hospital emergency clinic over a 10 week period were surveyed as to their reason for attendance. Six hundred and seven patients were seen and surveyed. Most complained of orofacial pain (77 per cent), swelling (22 per cent) or a lost restoration (21 per cent) but only 11 per cent had had their problem for less than one day. Most (60 per cent) had had symptoms for more than two days, and 29 per cent had had problems for more than 1 week.
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Achieving an effective and lasting bond of resin to dental alloys is an essential component in today's restorative dentistry. This paper reviews the history of metal/resin bonding, outlines different surface treatments of base and noble alloys and compares some of the resin luting materials used. The clinical application of metal/resin bonding to repair porcelain veneered fixed prostheses and the potential of bonded amalgams is discussed.
Four groups of computer machined (Cerec 64 microns) Vita Mk II porcelain samples with six blocks (12 x 7 x 1.5 mm) each were finished, using super-fine diamond burs (15, 8, 4 microns) and Proxoshape files (15, 8, 4 microns) and additionally polished with standard round and experimental angular cut discs. Surface roughness was measured after each treatment. For control, porcelain surfaces were high-gloss polished with a laboratory polishing machine (LPM). The roughness values R15/8/4 achieved with 15/8/4 microns diamond burs, were significantly different between the diamond grain sizes used: R15 = 1.49 +/- 0.44 > R8 = 0.86 +/- 0.25 (p < 0.05); R8 = 0.86 +/- 0.25 > R4 = 0.56 +/- 0.10 (p < or = 0.055); R4 = 0.56 +/- 0.10 > RLPM = 0.05 +/- 0.01 (p < 0.001). The diamond coated Proxoshape files caused the following roughness values RP15 = 0.53 U +/- 0.17 > RP8 = 0.24 +/- 0.06 (p < 0.01) and the Proxoshape file with 4 microns diamond coating did not achieve lower roughness values. The 8 microns diamond coating of burs and Proxoshape files caused a very fine "pre-polish" surface quality on porcelain. Angular discs had the same polishing ability as standard round discs but were more effectively used in fissures.
This article discusses the latest clinical findings regarding the cause of cervical lesions. Certain preparation and bonding techniques are recommended for restoring these abfractures. In particular, the composite restoratives are explained and a guide is provided for choosing the most suitable materials.
A retrospective audit of day-stay dental treatment for children under general anaesthesia at a New Zealand hospital dental unit showed that demand for such treatment has risen. Waiting times increased substantially over the 5-year period of the study--only 3.4 percent of children had to wait more than 3 months for treatment in 1989-1990, compared with 28.4 percent in 1993-1994. The re-treatment rate over the 5-year period was 4.2 percent. Extractions were the most common treatment item provided, followed by Class I and Class II amalgam restorations. A change of operator and an improvement in equipment in the 1993-1994 period contributed to a change in the range of treatment provided, and a concomitant increase in Dental Benefit revenue. Regional Health Authorities need to take a more realistic approach to purchasing such services so that safe practice is encouraged. Purchasing bodies in general need to give high priority to integrated child health promotion initiatives so that the need for day-stay dental treatment under general anaesthesia is ultimately reduced.
To assess the working conditions of medical staff the authors compared mercury vapor concentrations released during manipulations with various copper amalgams, TMAC-01 tableted copper amalgam manufactured by Nikitiv Mercury Plant, its foreign copper analog manufactured be "Becht" (Germany), and a new CMTA capsulated copper amalgam. Use of CMTA copper amalgam was found not hazardous for medical staff provided sanitary and hygienic regulations were adhered to. Moreover, mercury vapor concentrations released during work allow its use in rooms without ventilation cabinets, whereas tableted copper amalgams TMAC-01 and Becht may be used only in dentistry rooms equipped with such cabinets.
Compressive fracture resistance of the marginal ridge was studied in large tunnel preparations, before and after restoration with cermet (Ketac Silver, ESPE), a universal hybrid composite (Superlux, DMG) and an experimental composite. Each group was represented by six tunnels in extracted upper premolars. The tunnels were prepared by the use of round burs up to size #6. Remaining ridge width was 1.5 mm and ridge height 1.7 mm in the contact area. The ridge was loaded to fracture by a rod placed perpendicular to the ridge. Generally this resulted in a shear fracture of the restoration. There was no significant reinforcement of the ridge by the cermet whereas the composites both reinforced by the same magnitude, averaging 62%. It was concluded that the ridge could be considered a "megafiller" where contact need to be preserved and contour protected against proximal and occlusal wear of the restoration. Clinically there would therefore be good reasons to save even ridge areas with very low inherent strength. Based on the present study composite resin might therefore be the filling material of choice for such tunnel preparations.
The emergency of a traumatically injured tooth occurs frequently in a general dental practice. Patients, staff, and dentist should know what restorative techniques are available to manage the crisis. When the emergency occurs, the patient is probably going to call the dental office. The staff must be prepared for triage of the emergency so that the dentist can plan on the best course of action to manage the clinical circumstance. One method of triaging an emergency caused by traumatic injury to the tooth is by using a short questionnaire that can be completed either by the office staff member taking the telephone call or by the patient if present. This can provide important information for the treatment of the situation. Clinically, the traumatized anterior tooth needs immediate attention. The pulpal status of the tooth needs to be assessed and in the case of tooth or restoration fracture, the circumstances many times dictate an immediate restorative treatment to correct an unaesthetic situation. This article provides the dentist and staff with a variety of restorative techniques that address the aesthetic management of anterior teeth that have been traumatized.
In 1992 a follow-up to the Dutch national dental survey of 1986 (DNDS) was performed. The main objective was to analyse changes in oral self care, dental attendance, and oral health status. A postal questionnaire was used: 936 persons (44 per cent response) participated in the study. This paper will focus on the results concerning cosmetic dental treatment. Stepwise regression analyses were used to study the effect of dental and social variables. Relative risks (RR) were computed to clarify the effect of these variables. Of the group of respondents, 90 persons reported having been treated with veneers on their anterior teeth. The variables indicating cosmetic dental treatment needs established during the DNDS clinical dental examination, showed a statistically significant influence. 'Objective need': RR = 2.6; 'Subjective need': RR = 2.1. Out of 877 respondents with restorations present in 1986, 19 per cent reported having one or more of them replaced by composite or porcelain. Four variables were found to have a statistically significant influence: 'Subjective need': RR = 1.7; 'Number of filled tooth surfaces': RR = 1.6; 'Number of decayed tooth surfaces': RR = 1.4; and 'Frequency of toothbrushing': RR = 1.6. Whereas the dentists' opinions had the most influence on having veneer treatments, the patients' opinions had more influence on having amalgam restorations replaced with composite or porcelain.
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The human dentition is subject to many and varied destructive forces which decrease the longevity of the individual tooth and dentition. This article is a review of the forces placed on the dentition during function and the potentially more damaging parafunction and the effect restorative dentistry plays on weakening tooth structure. This will be related to the cracked tooth syndrome, its diagnosis and subsequent treatment.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
During a clinical simulation of insertion and removal of dental amalgams, mercury vapor levels increased slightly, but never exceeded the TLV of 0.05 mg/m3. The addition of indium to dental alloy did not affect the amount of mercury vapor released under these conditions.
A review of the literature from 1992 reveals few studies that deal specifically with freehand bonding. Yet freehand bonding is becoming increasingly popular. This contradiction bears in-depth study. How can there be a rise without its being reflected in the literature? The materials have greatly improved, but the techniques are virtually the same, and dentists do not often write articles about techniques that are not new. This paper presents a brief history of resin improvements and reasons that the popularity of freehand bonding is on the rise.