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Results for “Desensitization, Psychologic”

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PubMed2000

Radiographic techniques for the pediatric patient.

Obtaining quality radiographs on pediatric patients can be a challenge. Suggestions for communicating with patients about radiation safety and the need for radiographs can facilitate the process. Guidelines for radiographic exposure intervals for young patients are key elements in the reduction of exposure to ionizing radiation and are presented in this paper. The child patient presents unique challenges for the dental professional and special techniques are presented in this article that may be helpful in the conducting radiographic examinations for this patient population.

Child↗
PubMed2002

Returning to the Pentagon: the use of mass desensitization following the September 11, 2001 attack.

Following the September 11, 2001 attack on the Pentagon many fears remained among survivors of the event. As chief of the mental health team assigned to work with the Office of the Army Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, one of the authors (D.W.) had to address predominant unit concerns regarding how many individuals would be emotionally capable of returning to the building. This manuscript presents one of the specific interventions we used, mass desensitization, as a possible technique for reducing environmental anxieties following similarly traumatizing events.

Aircraft↗
PubMed2003

[Finding the reasons for "workplace phobia". Sick leave can cause damage].

Anxiety engendered by the workplace leads to an inability to work and earn one's living. The term workplace phobia is applied when anxiety leads to avoidance of the workplace. As in the case of school phobia, a range of differential diagnoses may be involved, requiring careful clarification. Such may include post-traumatic stress disease, posttraumatic embitterment, social phobia, personality disorders, depression and organic brain disease. The treatment of workplace-related phobia differs from that of other phobias because of the peculiarities of the workplace. Simply giving the patient sick leave may do more harm than good, and as such needs to be carefully weighed up.

Anxiety Disorders↗
PubMed2003

The effect of EMDR on the pathophysiology of PTSD.

The process of understanding Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has been a long and difficult one. It is safe to say our understanding of this disorder in incomplete, and our exploration into its pathophysiology is fairly recent. As with any disorder of the brain, the complexities of PTSD are extensive and require integrating cognitive, functional, and chemical components. Given this complexity, it is no wonder that treating PTSD has also been a challenge. Treating a disorder whose components are not fully understood is similar to shooting in the dark. Some shots have hit their mark and some have missed. More than ten years after its conception, the question of whether Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a hit or a miss is still debated. If understanding the pathophysiology of PTSD is still recent, understanding the possible physiology behind EMDR is just beginning. This paper will define PTSD, explain some aspects of its physiology, and present some hypotheses as to why EMDR may be a successful treatment for PTSD.

Desensitization, Psychologic↗
PubMed2003

[Anxiety in the dental office: theoretical aspects and treatment strategies].

Although mild tension and fear when visiting the dentist are considered normal, some patients experience extreme anxiety for dental treatment, which interferes with treatment and oral health, and causes significant distress. The present article reviews the literature on the definition and occurrence of dental fear. Causal and maintenance factors of dental fear are identified and a conceptual model of these factors is presented. From this model several interventions are presented that can be used to treat moderately anxious patients and pathological dental fear. The effects of these treatments are discussed.

Dental Anxiety↗
PubMed1977

Agoraphobia: indications for the application of the multimodal behavioral conceptualization.

Agoraphobia, characterized as fear of going into public places, vehicles, shops, streets, and so forth, is a prevalent syndrome which permeates the patient's life. The efficacy of psychoanalytic, behavioral, and pharmacological treatments has been disappointing. The pervasive nature of agoraphobia dictates that its treatment is most efficacious when a combination of separate although interactive techniques is applied in concert. A multimodal behavioral conceptualization provides the vehicle for the systematic combined application of seemingly diverse individual approaches through monitoring and treating the BASIC ID, an acronym for behavior, affect, sensation, imagery, cognition, interpersonal relationships, and drugs. In an illustrative case, application of the multimodal behavioral conceptualization was instrumental in bringing relief to an agoraphobic patient's distress and disabilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Psychophysiologic response during script-driven imagery as an outcome measure in posttraumatic stress disorder.

BACKGROUND: A psychophysiologic method previously validated in Vietnam veterans was used to evaluate the responses of medication-free Israeli posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients to script-driven imagery, before and after treatment with systematic desensitization. METHOD: Skin conductance, heart rate, and frontalis EMG responses during imagery of traumatic events were assessed in three unmedicated Israeli PTSD patients. The t test of significance was used to compare the magnitude of the response to traumatic imagery with that of responses to imagery of nine other events. RESULTS: The elevated physiologic responses to traumatic imagery, observed before treatment, normalized after systematic desensitization. Imagery of traumata that were not treated by desensitization continued to produce elevated responses. CONCLUSION: Physiologic response during traumatic imagery may be useful in the evaluation of differential treatment outcome in PTSD.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The beneficial effects of one treatment session and recording of nightmares on chronic nightmare sufferers.

Twenty subjects with chronic nightmares for 17.2 years mean duration were randomly divided into two groups: Rehearsal and Recording. At inception, subjects in both groups were instructed to write down their nightmares for one month. The Recording group received no other intervention. Rehearsal subjects received a single treatment group session teaching an imagery rehearsal technique to reduce nightmare frequency. At inception and three months follow-up, both groups were compared for nightmare frequency and for self-rated distress with scales (Symptom Checklist and Symptom Questionnaire) measuring anxiety, depression, hostility, somatization and total distress. Nightmare frequency decreased significantly in both groups: Rehearsal group-7.2 per month to 2.0 per month (72% reduction) (p < 0.006); Recording group-9.4 per month to 5.0 per month (47% reduction) (p < 0.02). There were no statistically significant differences in the nightmare frequency reductions between groups. All anxiety, depression, somatization, hostility and total distress scores decreased substantially in the Rehearsal group. Most changes were significant. Changes in the Recording group were inconsistent and not significant. Two brief case histories are presented.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

'Telephobia'.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗