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PubMed1998

[Nutritional balance of breakfast of children 7 to 11 years of age: comparison between school health education and eating behavior at home].

Following the favourable impact of a health education programme carried out in a school setting concerning "healthy eating at breakfast", the consumption of food at home for all meals, and separately at breakfast time was evaluated by using a "food-frequency" questionnaire. These results were then compared with the results of the school health education programme which focused primarily on breakfasts. The results of the survey, which included 80 children between 7 and 11 years old, show a great stability in the choice of foods, and during the action interesting variations concerning the respective proportions of nutriments according the recommended dietary allowances. We noticed an increase in the consumption of glucides, starch, vegetable proteins, and certain micronutriments. These changes are minor, but they may have a great importance if they spread to the whole nutrition. One can advise to generalise such school health education interventions.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Impact of health education on the feeding of green leafy vegetables at home to children of the urban poor mothers of Bangladesh.

To evaluate the impact of health education on mothers, on the feeding of their children green leafy vegetables (GLV) at home, we studied 160 children aged 6 to 35 months and their mothers in two intervention groups and one comparison group. The mothers of the first intervention group (n = 44) were given health education including a feeding demonstration, by offering a single meal of cooked GLV to their children. The mothers in the second intervention group (n = 36) received health education only. Mothers of both the intervention groups were visited at home after eight weeks of intervention without prior notice, and for each of them an immediate neighbourhood mother having a child in the same age range was selected as a comparison mother (n = 80). During this visit, mothers were asked whether they had cooked GLV that day and fed these to their children; this was confirmed by spot-checking. Also, mothers were interviewed to elicit their perceptions about GLV. The percentages of mothers who thought that GLV are good for health were 88.7%, 86.1% and 76.2% in groups 1, 2 and comparison respectively (P = 0.06). However, the percentages of mothers who actually fed their children GLV were 57%, 64% and 26% in groups 1, 2 and comparison group respectively (P < 0.001). The influence of health education on GLV feeding persisted after controlling for the effect of maternal literacy (Mantel Haenszel chi-square = 16.99; P < 0.0001) and family income (Mantel Haenszel chi-square = 17.36; P < 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bangladesh↗
PubMed2005

A cost-effectiveness analysis of a health education programme for elderly persons with age-related macular degeneration: a longitudinal study.

PURPOSE: To analyse the cost-effectiveness of the activity-based Health Education Programme 'Discovering New Ways' versus a standard Individual Programme. METHOD: Two-hundred and twenty-nine persons were randomized to either the Health Education Programme or an Individual Programme. The present study is based on 131 persons who participated in the 28-month follow-up. Costs for the low vision clinic were documented prospectively along with external costs. A cost-effectiveness analysis was done using cases with an improved level of perceived security in daily activities as the effectiveness measure. RESULTS: The Health Education Programme led to significantly more cases with an improved level of perceived security (45 vs. 10%, CI 95%: 21-49, p value < 0.001) and the total social cost per treatment was lower (28,004 vs. 36,341 SEK). Taken separately the low vision clinic costs were slightly higher due to a higher prescription of assistive devices, but external costs were lower for the Health Education Programme compared to the Individual Programme, though neither of these differences was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that replacing the standard Individual Programme with the Health Education Programme 'Discovering New Ways' is cost-effective as more persons experience increased security to a lesser total cost.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

The effect of graphic organizers on subjective and objective comprehension of a health education text.

This study examined the effect of graphic organizers on the comprehension of a health education brochure text and compared subjective with objective comprehension measures. Graphic organizers are graphical depictions of relations among concepts in a text. Participants read a brochure text about asthma with and without these organizers, and subjective and objective text comprehension was measured. It was found that graphic organizers had effects on four levels of objective comprehension as indicated by open comprehension questions. However, on the subjective comprehension measure using Likert-type scales, the groups with and without graphic organizers did not differ from each other. It is concluded that health education texts could benefit from relatively simple techniques to increase comprehension. Furthermore, in developing health education materials, comprehension should be measured objectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

How documentation outcomes guide the way: a patient health education electronic medical record experience in a large health care network.

BACKGROUND: Despite Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations' standards in patient health education (PHE), the patient education process oftentimes remains underreported in many patients' medical records. The primary focus of this project was to create a usable electronic medical record (EMR)-based method of documentation of PHE within a large Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care network using clinical staff involvement, routine monitoring, and consistent feedback. METHODS: A team of clinical staff was formulated to review current literature, seek out best practices, examine existing VA PHE templates, and create and monitor a user-friendly EMR process for documenting the assessment of patient learning needs and the outcomes of teaching and education. Professional team focus groups, pilot testing, usage monitoring, local action planning, and feedback surveys were selected strategies utilized to create and evaluate success and make timely revisions. RESULTS/RESPONSE: Monthly usage reports were provided to the local PHE teams. An EMR monitoring system for clinical reminders provided an appropriate and tested mechanism to collect specific usage data. Since 2003, steady improvement has been reported with use partly due to greater acceptance of the process and growing competition among network sites. The newly created PHE EMR has since been modified to enhance the quality of documentation as staff becomes more adept at using these tools. CONCLUSION: Staff involvement in format design and development combined with consistent feedback and evaluation resulted in improved documentation compliance. Future work is focused on the quality of evaluations of patient learning needs and electronic recording of patient teaching and education.

Hospitals, Veterans↗
PubMed1978

Consumer health education in New Jersey community hospitals: a medical school initiative.

The Office of Consumer Health Education (OCHE) of the College of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (CMDNJ) has developed a statewide network of hospital-based consumer health education programs. The rationale for a hospital-based program and the criteria for hospital selection emphasize the responsibility of health care institutions in providing patient and community health education. OCHE offers technical and consulting services to these and other hospitals in the areas of adult education, community programming, evaluation, and resource materials: it also participates in the teaching of medical students at CMDNJ. The need for each hospital to individualize its programs has been demonstrated, and eight problem areas have been revealed by OCHE'S experiences. Future financing will depend largely on third-party reimbursement for in-hospital patient education, while some community projects will be able to receive support from tuitions and grants.

Education, Continuing↗
PubMed2000

The development and evaluation of a health education programme for pregnant women in a regional hospital, southern Thailand.

The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Thailand is higher than neighbouring developing countries including Malaysia and Singapore. The 1993 MMR of Thailand was 249 per 100 000 livebirths which was four times higher than the rates in Malaysia and Singapore (World Health Organization 1995). The major causes of these deaths were haemorrhage, toxaemia of pregnancy and sepsis which were likely to be prevented by adequate prenatal care (Thailand Ministry of Public Health 1996). A large proportion of Thai pregnant women have poor health. Between 1994 and 1995, a national study conducted by Thailand Ministry of Health showed that 39% of pregnant women were anaemic, defined as haemoglobin concentration lower than 33% (Supamethaporn 1997). Another study conducted in the southern region also indicated that 13.8% of pregnant women were anaemic caused by iron deficiency (Phatthanapreechakul et al. 1997). Other behaviours which increased risks associated with child birth included non-antenatal care (ANC) attendance, undertaking physically demanding tasks and failure to increase nutritional intake during their pregnancy period (N. Phiriyanuphong et al. 1992, unpublished report). These factors emphasize the importance of a health education programme which could facilitate women to, for example, increase protein and iron intake during pregnancy which would reduce complications from their poor health status. This study was conducted in a regional hospital in Thailand where there was no systematic and well-planned health education programme for pregnant women. The initial aim was to design a health education programme using input from the hospital health care professionals including obstetricians, nurses, nutritionists, health educators and health promoters. An active involvement of these personnel assisted to sustain the provision of the programme provided for pregnant women after the cessation of the study project. Another aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of the programme using a pre-test-post-test method among selected pregnant women who participated in the newly designed health education programme.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2004

Improving the diet of toddlers of Pakistani origin: a study of intensive dietary health education.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether an intensive, home-based programme of dietary health education resulted in improved maternal knowledge and changes in toddlers' diets in families of Pakistani origin. DESIGN: Prospective intervention study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The study took place in Keighley, West Yorkshire, England. Thirty-three mothers, whose toddlers had been found to be anaemic, entered the programme; 26 completed it. Dietary health education was delivered by a trained link worker, supported by health visitors, a dietitian and a community paediatrician. INTERVENTION: Six one-hour visits were made at weekly intervals. The teaching programme focused on healthy weaning, with an emphasis on adequate intake of iron-rich foods. A purpose-designed pictorial teaching aid was used. OUTCOME MEASURES: Maternal knowledge was assessed by targeted questions. Children's diets were assessed using 24-hour dietary recall and weekly food frequency, from which a "food frequency" score was derived. RESULTS: There were significant gains in maternal dietary knowledge. There were modest improvements in children's diets. The programme was valued by the mothers. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers of Pakistani origin gained knowledge and changed their children's diets following the dietary health education programme. The study demonstrated the value of a home-based programme delivered by a trained link worker to this group, which has difficulty in accessing clinic-based services.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗
PubMed1980

[National Research Program 1A: health educational interventions in Aarau: examples and detailed concepts].

In order to participate in the production of new ideas for local health campaigns, regular sessions are held with members of the health committee and the project team. These brain-storming sessions are based on problem lists using data of the initial health examination and the experience with health education campaigns accumulated so far in the program. The ideas are operationalized into concepts for health education campaigns: for each campaign, goals have to be stated clearly (attitudinal, behavioral goals), target groups have to be identified, the arguments and the type of media have to be specified and the costs calculated. This paper presents four examples of health education campaigns within the local intervention program in Aarau. For each of the two risk factors "nutrition" and "physical activity", a mass media campaign and a group-oriented campaign is discussed (nutrition: a campaign including fifteen restaurants to promote healthy alternatives to regular menus, groups to lose weight. Physical activity: "the walk around the world", jogging groups). It is concluded that, based on a community intervention model, health education campaigns are feasible and have the potential to reach a large fraction of the population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

The cost-effectiveness of health education in improving knowledge and awareness about intestinal parasites in rural Bangladesh.

The impact of regular health education in improving knowledge, attitude and practices in the control of intestinal parasites was examined in four rural areas of Bangladesh; two areas received health education and the other two areas were controls. By the end of the 18-month study households receiving health education showed highly significant improvements in knowledge, water and sanitation facilities and personal hygiene compared with households in the control areas. Improving knowledge by 1% cost between US dollars 0.75 and 0.82 per household, while a 1% improvement in personal hygiene cost between US dollars 1.10 and 1.32 per household and water and sanitation between US dollars 1.39 and 1.52 per household.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed1985

Workplace health education. Principles in practice.

The application of psychological principles that lead to the acquisition of skills, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors for improving safety and health conditions in the work environment is illustrated by case examples. The emergent pattern of successful occupational health education can be described as a process consisting of instruction, psychological reinforcement, and establishment of new norms of safe behavior for workers. To realize maximum effect from education programs, occupational physicians and other occupational health professionals should upgrade and expand their understanding of health education as well as their health education skills.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2003

Maintenance of the classroom health education curricula: results from the CATCH-ON study.

Maintenance of the interactive Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) third- to fifth-grade curricula was studied in the 56 original intervention schools and 20 of the original control schools 5 years postintervention in four regions of the United States. Target grade teachers completed a self-administered survey that included questions regarding use of the CATCH materials, training in CATCH or other health education, barriers and perceived support for health education, and amount of health education currently taught. Percentage of teachers who continued to teach CATCH in the classroom was low; however, percentages were significantly higher in former intervention compared with control schools, even though control schools received training and materials following the main field trial. The results of this study can provide useful information for future development of classroom health promotion materials with a higher level of sustainability.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microeconomic loans and health education to families in impoverished communities: implications for the HIV pandemic.

Poverty is among the root causes of death and poor health worldwide. Project HOPE's Village Health Bank (VHB) program is a public health intervention that combines integrated microcredit lending and health education. Groups of 18 to 25 women receive small loans, and biweekly, one-hour health education sessions. Since 1993, about 50,000 women in 949 VHBs have participated in seven countries in the Americas, Africa, and Southeast Asia, receiving more than US$25 million in loans and 8,445 hours of health education. Members of VHBs are charged modest interest rates that enable them to become self-sufficient (eg, able to cover all operating charges, including the costs of the health education staff, and the necessary loan capital to continue without infusion of outside resources). The VHB program produces substantial economic improvements for individuals and groups, and benefits in health knowledge and behaviors, including increased utilization of healthcare services. Data from Guatemala, Malawi, and Thailand demonstrate that VHBs in countries with high HIV prevalence have been comparably successful in spite of the enormous added burdens of chronic illness, deaths, and orphans in need of support. For example, in 2004, 48 percent of 266 VHB members in Malawi experienced at least one death in their household in the preceding year, and 67 percent housed one or more orphans with an average of two orphans per household. Because of the unique combination of increased household economic stability and improved health knowledge, the VHB program is now being adapted to families of people affected by HIV/AIDS, including orphans.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2005

Adolescents' views of oral health education. A qualitative study.

The objective of this study was to investigate adolescents' perceptions and desires with respect to oral health education. A series of focus group sessions was conducted with adolescents in schools. The groups comprised an average of 6 individuals, with a total of 34 participants. The main themes of the discussions were the informants' perceptions of the oral health education in different settings and under varying circumstances. The discussions were transcribed verbatim and analyzed according to the basic principles of Grounded Theory. One of the most important issues appeared to be the dental personnel considering the individual as a subject and not as an object. The adolescents in the study were uncertain about their knowledge of oral health. Often, the participants expressed a wish to be taught more at the dental visit. Information in schools was sparse. The support of parents was acknowledged but little discussed. The methods used in advertisements to describe dental products were met with skepticism. These should not be imitated in oral health education as this might undermine the credibility of the dental services. Girls were perceived to be more interested in health than boys were. Two core categories labeled "credibility" and "confidence", which interacted continually, emerged from the data in the analysis. The results indicate that the credibility of the intermediary of the health messages is essential, as is their ability to create confidence. Thus, oral health education among adolescents is more likely to be successful when credibility and confidence are perceived.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The School for Health based on a healthy, balanced and civilized life style--a new direction for psychohygienic health education].

The current active propaganda of health- and hygiene-related knowledge demands the elaboration and introduction of new scientific trends and formal efforts to stimulate people to adopt and sustain a healthy life-and-work style. A number of local industrial enterprises have initiated health education programmes based on specific structural-functional units: lectures, practical training in "Health and Leisure" rooms, "Phone-in Counselling" services. The results of these and other such activities have amply demonstrated the medical and social importance of promoting healthy lifestyle beliefs and behaviour in working communities.

Area Health Education Centers↗
PubMed2003

Health education and multimedia learning: connecting theory and practice (Part 2).

Part 1 of this article reviewed the contributions of educational psychology to the early development of health behavior theory and the difficulties faced by health education in adopting some of the perspectives that today guide multimedia learning. Whereas Part 1 involved discussion at the theoretical level, the purpose of Part 2 is to connect theory and practice by describing the most relevant multimedia learning theories and by providing recommendations for developing multimedia health education programs. It also provides practitioners with specific examples of the features that may make computer-based interventions more attractive to their particular audiences.

Communication↗
PubMed1990

[Jewish dietary laws and health education].

We divide the statute of foods in the real food-statute and in the rules about the cooking. Particularly the food-statute, we find in the bible (Leviticus chapter 11 and Deuteronomium chapter 14), demonstrated education of health already, in the antiquity. Essentially the jewish food-laws instruct us in the severe training of temperance and discipline. But that system of education teach men also how they reduce the fat of the animals, which are permitted to eat. Likewise the jewish rules refer to the importance of temperance of alcoholic drinks. The empiric knowledge of reduction and selection of animal food effect a theoretic basis leading to the prophylactic and to the preventive of civilization disease and of cancer development.

Diet↗