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At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Combination therapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyelonephritis in neutropenic mice with human antilipopolysaccharide monoclonal antibody and cefsulodin.

PURPOSE: These studies were designed to determine the combined inhibitory effect of a human monoclonal antibody (MAb) and cefsulodin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa renal infection in a neutropenic condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Protection against the infection of mice was estimated by survival rate and bacterial numbers in the kidney and blood. Opsonophagocytic assay by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis were also examined. RESULTS: Treatment of infected mice with MAb combined with a suboptimal dose of cefsulodin prevented the mice from developing pyelonephritis and bacteremia and resulted in a significantly higher survival rate than treatment with either MAb or cefsulodin alone (p < 0.01). When bacteria were preexposed to cefsulodin, a significant enhancement in opsonophagocytic killing with MAb was observed. Fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis suggested that the bacteria incubated with 1/4 minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cefsulodin showed greater binding of MAb to bacteria than the control. CONCLUSION: The combination therapy with human antilipopolysaccharide MAb and cefsulodin is useful for P. aeruginosa pyelonephritis in neutropenic hosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Antibodies to Tamm-Horsfall protein subunits prepared in vitro, in patients with acute pyelonephritis.

The aim of this study was to determine antibodies to Tamm-Horsfall protein subunits in patients with acute pyelonephritis. The protein subunits used in this determination were prepared by chemical treatment of Tamm-Horsfall protein isolated from the urine of healthy individuals. Values for IgG and IgA were significantly higher (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively) in patients than in healthy persons, while IgM class antibodies were significantly higher only in the test performed with subunits obtained with 8.3 mol/l acetic acid (THP-A) (p < 0.05). Values for all three classes determined in the test with THP-A were significantly higher in patients with vesicoureteral reflux than in patients with normal radiological findings (p < 0.05). Antibodies to Tamm-Horsfall protein subunits isolated from the urine of patients with acute pyelonephritis should also be determined.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The immune status of patients with primary and secondary chronic pyelonephritis].

Immunological examination (T- and B-cell immunity, metabolic activity of phagocytes) was conducted in 10 patients with primary and 21 patients with secondary chronic pyelonephritis in the phase of latent inflammation resistant to conventional antibacterial therapy versus 12 patients free of this disease. It was found that immunoreactivity in the above patients was compromised as shown by quantitative and qualitative deficiency of T-cell immunity (a fall in the absolute number of CD3+, absolute and relative content of CD2+DR+, changed proportion of T-lymphocyte subpopulations, low activity of oxygen-dependent anti-infection systems of phagocytes). B-system immunity did not much change for the worse. In primary chronic pyelonephritis immunoreactivity was affected more seriously.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Essential phospholipids in the treatment of chronic pyelonephritis].

The author's investigations led them to the conclusion that clinical manifestation of chronic pyelonephritis is associated with destabilization of lipid bilayer of red cell membranes, renal tissue, activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO), rising lipid and LPO products excretion with the urine. 31 patients with chronic pyelonephritis received combined therapy comprising essential phospholipids. 25 control patients with the same disease were not given essentiale-forte. Finally, the latter had longer fever duration, more active inflammation. The former had also low urine excretion of oxalates and normal lipid composition of biological membranes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in renal allograft. Report of a case and review of the literature].

Clinic report case of a kidney-transplanted female who, after one year of normal functioning, developed xantogranulomatous pyelonephritis in the renal allograft. Clinical presentation was mesorenal tumoration causing pyelocaliecstasis, which coincided with a progressive decline of renal function due to interstitial rejection. Diagnosis by eco-doppler imaging, CAT, arteriography, renogram and descending pyelography were non-specific in relation to the process benignant or malignant nature. Surgical examination with obtention of biopsy was not conclusive with regard to diagnosis and so, during a second surgery, transplanctectomy was chosen. The histological examination showed that the expansive process of the allograft corresponded to a case of xantogranulomatous pyelonephritis. After reviewing the existing literature, only 4 cases were found reporting this rare condition in a renal allograft.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The dynamic level of beta 2-microglobulin, the basic lipid peroxidation indices and middle molecules in the blood and urine in patients with acute calculous pyelonephritis against a background of endovascular helium-neon laser therapy].

The authors present the effect of intravenous He-Ne laser therapy on the changes in beta 2-microglobulin, lipid peroxidation, middle-size molecules in the blood and urine of patients with acute calculous pyelonephritis. Endovascular He-Ne laser therapy was found an effective treatment of acute calculous pyelonephritis. The authors propose to combine hemosorption with endovascular He-Ne laser radiation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The validation of empirical emergency antibacterial therapy in acute pyelonephritis].

As many as 254 patients with acute pyelonephritis were evaluated for the whole range of possible inflammatory process pathogens with the aid of automatic microbiological system [symbol: see text]. Urine from the urinary bladder, renal pelves (as directed) was studied as was biopsy specimen of the kidney. Analysis of species range of the identified organisms showed Escherichia coli, Proteus, and mycoplasma, enterobacter, coccal flora and pseudomonads to be in 27.9%, 15.9%, 14.9%, 8.6%, and 5.5% respectively. Analysis of sensitivity of the discovered bacteria toward a wide range of antibacterial preparations permitted recommending for an urgent antiinflammatory therapy thienam, ophloxacin, cyprophloxacin, pephloxacin, norphloxacin, cephoxitin, and cephtriaxone. The form of the preparation (parenteral or peroral) will be prescribed depending upon the gravity of the course of acute pyelonephritis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The clinico-immunological effects of leukinferon in the treatment of patients with acute suppurative pyelonephritis].

A many as 20 patients with acute purulent pyelonephritis were studied for clinical and immunological effects of leukinferone. The above patients were convalescent earlier than control subjects. There were instances where clinical status was not accompanied by shifts in immunity. However, on an average in the group, such parameters as level of lymphocytes, amounts of B-cells, Igs G, A, T-helpers, and Tx/Tc ratio were found to be increased as was activity of EK-cells. Stimulating effects of leukinferone were particularly pronounced in those patients with decreased values for immunological status. A conclusion is reached to the effect that patients with acute pyelonephritis may benefit from those treatments involving the use of the above drug preparation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Aspartate aminotransferase activities in renal tissue during experimental and human chronic pyelonephritis].

This study belongs to a series of comparative biochemical and semiquantitative-histological investigations in renal tissue fractions of pyelonephritis patients (human PN) and of different types of experimental pyelonephritis (experimental PN). The experiments aim at more detailed knowledge on the interrelationship of intermediary cell metabolism and histopathological changes during the different phases of human and experimental PN. The results concerning acid and alkaline phosphatase activities as well as concerning glutaminase I and glutamic dehydrogenase activities were earlier reported (Exp. Path. vols. 8, 9, 10 and 12). In the present study the author has analyzed the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (E.C.2.6.1.1. AspAT) the synonym of which is glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT).

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Significance of the detection of fimbriae protein type adhesins on bacteria isolated in acute pyelonephritis in children].

A prospective bacteriological study in 50 children with acute pyelonephritis (APN) (32 girls and 18 boys) and 132 children with lower urinary tract infections (LUTI) (89 girls and 43 boys) was conducted from May to December 1993. Infection was defined by Kass' criteria and APN was defined by the clinical findings. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) assay and postcontrast computed tomography in the presence of a doubt concerning the diagnosis. Escherichia coli (EC) was the bacterial species most frequently isolated (76%). A systematic search for fimbriae protein adhesins (group PAP: pyelonephritis associated pil) on the EC was performed by haemagglutination (human group A red blood cells). 64% of EC possessed fimbriae protein adhesions in the APN group versus only 20% in the LUTI group. In children in whom an organic abnormality was demonstrated, the incidence of fimbriae protein-positive EC was 33% while in children with no organic abnormality, particularly without reflux, 89% of EC presented fimbriae protein. A statistically significant difference was demonstrated between these two groups (p < 0.01). The results of this study illustrate the important role of these adhesins in the development of APN. These adhesins facilitate countercurrent ascension of bacteria in the ureter towards the upper urinary tract and can make the bacteria resistant to certain antibiotics. Testing for fimbriae protein can be useful in clinical practice when investigating the aetiology of APN in the absence of demonstrated reflux. A latex test should soon be available to facilitate the detection of fimbriae protein.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a stage in the progress of chronic pyelonephritis characterized by a combination of clinical and radiologic findings which suggest the diagnosis. Pathologically there are xanthogranulomatous deposits and large lipid-filled foam cells. These clinical-radiologic-pathologic features are demonstrated by means of a case report.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Renal venous thrombosis: a forgotten complication of acute pyelonephritis].

BACKGROUND: Renal vein thrombosis, long recognized as a classical complication of acute pyelonephritis, has become exceptional since the advent of antibiotics. CASE REPORT: An 85-year-old woman was hospitalized for acute Escherichia coli nephritis. Computed tomography with contrast agent injection was performed due to clinical improvement after an 8-day course of antibiotics and demonstrated purulent urine collection on an obstructive calicial stone as well as homolateral thrombosis of the renal vein. Duplex Doppler confirmed the diagnosis. Pulmonary embolism was evidenced by pulmonary scintigraphy. The clinical course was satisfactory after urine drainage and efficacious antibiotics. CONCLUSION: Renal vein thrombosis remains a severe though uncommon complication of acute pyelonephritis. Computed tomography with iodine, contrast agent or duplex Doppler allows noninvasive diagnosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The bioregulatory therapy of patients with chronic pyelonephritis].

Prostatilen (5 mg/day i.m. for 5 days) was given to 46 patients with chronic pyelonephritis in the latent inflammation phase. The treatment resulted in relief of clinical symptoms, positive trend in laboratory indices characterizing activity of renal inflammation, albumin-globulin ratio. There was a decrease in leukocyturia, bacteriuria, ESR, blood fibrinogen and ceruloplasmin levels. Prostatilen reduced hypercoagulation and enhanced fibrinolytic activity of blood. The immunograms showed prostatilen-induced correction of immunity: T-lymphocyte count and functional activity increased, proportion of T-cell subpopulations returned to normal, metabolic activity of phagocyte oxygen-dependent substances became more intensive. The ability of prostatilen to initiate normalization of hemocoagulation and immunity is thought to be an essential factor of its therapeutic efficacy in chronic pyelonephritis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1997

[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with septic lung metastases and infiltration of the colon. Difficult preoperative differential pulmonary hypernephroma metastasis diagnosis].

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare and aggressive form of chronic pyelonephritis for which partial or complete nephrectomy is mandatory [1.2]. The diagnosis and, in particular, the differentiation from hypernephroma is mostly established by the histopathological examination only. We have reviewed the literature and present an unusual case of XGP with septic spreading into the lungs mimicking pulmonary metastasis and with an inflammatory infiltration of the descending colon.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The clinico-immunological effects of immunotherapy in patients with acute pyelonephritis].

Effects were studied of immunomodulation on the clinical and immunological status of patients with acute pyelonephritis, 4 groups of patients were identified: those treated with T- and B-activin (myelopide); intravascular irradiation with Helium-Neon laser; antibiotics only (control group). All immunotherapeutic alternatives were found to be effective in the treatment of acute pyelonephritis. Apparent T-activin and myelopeptide immunostimulating actions appear to account for their high clinical efficacy. Laser therapy made for correction of the cell's membrane processes and functions led to improvement of the immune system intercellular cooperation and abatement of inflammation in the kidneys.

Activins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paediatric xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a well recognised but rare type of chronic pyelonephritis classically occurring in middle-aged women. It is increasingly being recognised in children in whom it can be mistaken for Wilms' tumour. Awareness of the possibility of this condition occurring in children may allow early recognition and possible treatment. Two cases of XGP in children are described and the literature reviewed.

Child, Preschool↗