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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Characteristics of a video-type pupillometer.

In using a video-type pupillometer, the adjustment of the clipping level, the illumination of the target, the focus of the camera, and the viewing angle have been shown to affect the measurement. The focus of the camera and the viewing angle are the most important variables. The precision of this instrument can be as good as 0.01 mm. The accuracy of the instrument is good with regard to clinical standards; however, all measurements vary slightly from the known value. Interexaminer variation appears to be small.

Computers↗
PubMed1995

Optical coherence tomography: a new tool for glaucoma diagnosis.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel technique that allows cross-sectional imaging of the anterior and posterior eye. OCT has a resolution of approximately 10 microns, with extremely high sensitivity (approximately 10(-10) of incident light). OCT is analogous to computed tomography, which uses x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, which uses spin resonance, or B-scan ultrasound, which uses sound waves, but OCT uses only light to derive its image. OCT is a noncontact, noninvasive system by which retinal substructure may be analyzed in vivo. OCT is useful in the evaluation of retinal pathologies and glaucoma. In retinal disease, entities such as macular holes, macular edema, central serous chorioretinopathy, retinal vascular occlusion and other factors have been examined. Separation between the posterior vitreous and retina, or lack thereof, are seen and quantitated. In glaucoma, retinal nerve fiber layer (NFL) thickness is measured at standardized locations around the optic nerve head. A circular scan produces a cylindrical cross-section of the retina, from which the NFL can be analyzed. In addition, radial scans through the optic nerve head are used to evaluate cupping and juxtapapillary NFL thickness. OCT, a new imaging technology by which the anterior and posterior segment are seen in cross-section, may permit the early diagnosis of glaucoma, and the early detection of glaucomatous progression.

Anterior Eye Segment↗
PubMed2003

Growth of walled cells: from shells to vesicles.

The growth of isolated walled cells is investigated. Examples of such cells range from bacteria to giant algae, and include cochlear hair, plant root hair, fungi, and yeast cells. They are modeled as elastic shells containing a liquid. Cell growth is driven by fluid pressure and is is similar to a plastic deformation of the wall. The requirement of mechanical equilibrium leads to two new scaling laws for cell size that are in quantitative agreement with the compiled biological data. Given these results, possible shapes for growing cells are computed by analogy with those of vesicle membranes.

Bacteria↗