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PubMedDate not supplied

Responses of the regressed ovary of the catfish, Heteropneustes fossils (Bloch), to interrupted-night photoperiods.

Interrupted-night photoperiod schedules were used to explore the possibility of the involvement of a ciradian rhythm in photosensitivity in ovarian recrudescence in the catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. Interruption of the night of a basic short day (L/D 6:18) treatment by 1-h of light between 00(00) and 01(00) induced ovarian recrudescence which was significantly higher than that in the control group exposed to L/D 7:17. Scanning of the major part of the dark period (20(00-05(00)) to determine the duration of the photo-inducible phase shows that the photo-inducible phase lies between 20(00) and 03(00) with a peak from 00(00) to 01(00). Even 1-h of light in a regimen of L/D 1:23 presented between 20(00)-21(00), 22(00)-23(00), 00(00)-01(00), 02(00)-03(00), or 04(00)-05(00), produced significant ovarian recrudescence with a peak between 22(00) and 23(00). These results provide a clear demonstration of the possible involvement of a circadian mechanism for photoperiod measurement in the catfish.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[The theatrum anatomicum: a public-communicative fossil or an archetype?].

Public anatomy theaters are seen as the earliest form of popularizing medical science. In the seventeenth-century Netherlands they functioned as civic cultural centres, where, in wintertime, professors of anatomy presented anatomical demonstrations to a large and varied audience. During the remainder of the year the theatre was a museum of naturalia and artificialia, while it was also a meeting-place for scientists and artists. Although the anatomy lesson possibly was a moral-philosophical lesson about the relativity and fragility of the earthly existence rather than a public lesson in medicine, its sustained tradition certainly advanced the status and the development of the medical profession, and bred curiosity about medical insights in large sections of the population. Institutional aspects of this history, such as regulations and public accountability for ongoing medical experimentation, are still worth considering when designing current medical education.

Anatomy↗
PubMed2005

Dental arch relations analysed in a 14th century fossil skull of the Sao tribe, Cameroon.

Dental occlusal relations are rarely reported in paleo-anthropology. The manipulation of hemi-arch replicas, as well as the superimposition of drawings on calques traced from photographs, facilitated the description of the intra- and interarch relations. The occlusal interarch confrontation and the intermolar relation were observed and assessed in the horizontal, frontal and sagittal planes. Some measurements were helpful in the functional study. On the basis of knowledge in mandible kinematics a movement envelope of the first molar displacement during mastication was proposed. The dentition studied here was highly regular. It was a fine example of balanced wear for post-canine sectors. In spite of the lower canine extrusion, due to tribal mutilation of anterior teeth and to subsequent labret wearing, the interarch relations seemed not to have been altered.

Cameroon↗