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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

The Australian Centre for Evidence-based Clinical Practice generic audit tool: Auditmaker for health professionals.

Audit is an important step in the process of health care evaluation and quality improvement. Some of the barriers to audit include the lack of support in initiating an audit, difficulty with data collection and lack of time. Auditmaker is a computer package that guides the clinician through the initial process of designing an audit, choosing factors and outcomes to analyse, then provides customizable data entry forms, and finally simple reports summarizing the data. It has user-friendly features, such as help buttons, drop-down lists and built in comorbidities and outcomes of common interest. It provides a generic tool for performing an audit as well as providing an opportunity for different clinicians in different institutions or practice settings to perform similar audits using the same data collection tool, which can provide the basis of benchmarking. Auditmaker is available for downloading from the ACEPBCP website: http://www.acebcp.org.au.

Australia↗
PubMed2002

IDEA '97 and children who stutter: evaluation and intervention that lead to successful, productive lives.

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) '97 is the federal law that shapes the legal process involved with evaluating and treating children who stutter. The speech-language pathologist is required to provide a complete evaluation of the child's communication skills, including documentation of the impact of the child's stuttering on his involvement in his education. Goals and benchmarks are written based on the weaknesses identified in the child's present level of performance within the Individualized Education Plan (IEP). Transition plans are crucial for the child who stutters to become a healthy, productive member of society. Therapy frequency and location are based on the child's individual needs. Placement, dismissal, and re-enrollment are issues that vary for each child who stutters. IDEA '97 provides speech-language pathologists with clear direction as to the programming for children with the complex disorder of stuttering.

Child↗
PubMed2006

Semiempirical hybrid density functional with perturbative second-order correlation.

A new hybrid density functional for general chemistry applications is proposed. It is based on a mixing of standard generalized gradient approximations (GGAs) for exchange by Becke (B) and for correlation by Lee, Yang, and Parr (LYP) with Hartree-Fock (HF) exchange and a perturbative second-order correlation part (PT2) that is obtained from the Kohn-Sham (GGA) orbitals and eigenvalues. This virtual orbital-dependent functional contains only two global parameters that describe the mixture of HF and GGA exchange (a(x)) and of the PT2 and GGA correlation (c), respectively. The parameters are obtained in a least-squares-fit procedure to the G297 set of heat of formations. Opposed to conventional hybrid functionals, the optimum a(x) is found to be quite large (53% with c=27%) which at least in part explains the success for many problematic molecular systems compared to conventional approaches. The performance of the new functional termed B2-PLYP is assessed by the G297 standard benchmark set, a second test suite of atoms, molecules, and reactions that are considered as electronically very difficult (including transition-metal compounds, weakly bonded complexes, and reaction barriers) and comparisons with other hybrid functionals of GGA and meta-GGA types. According to many realistic tests, B2-PLYP can be regarded as the best general purpose density functional for molecules (e.g., a mean absolute deviation for the two test sets of only 1.8 and 3.2 kcal/mol compared to about 3 and 5 kcal/mol, respectively, for the best other density functionals). Very importantly, also the maximum and minimum errors (outliers) are strongly reduced (by about 10-20 kcal/mol). Furthermore, very good results are obtained for transition state barriers but unlike previous attempts at such a good description, this definitely comes not at the expense of equilibrium properties. Preliminary calculations of the equilibrium bond lengths and harmonic vibrational frequencies for diatomic molecules and transition-metal complexes also show very promising results. The uniformity with which B2-PLYP improves for a wide range of chemical systems emphasizes the need of (virtual) orbital-dependent terms that describe nonlocal electron correlation in accurate exchange-correlation functionals. From a practical point of view, the new functional seems to be very robust and it is thus suggested as an efficient quantum chemical method of general purpose.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Quality of polypropylene sockets for trans-tibial prostheses in low-income countries.

Based on six series of patients (n = 198) participating in clinical field testing of prosthetic feet and all provided with trans-tibial prostheses in accordance with the polypropylene component and assembly system developed by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) follow-up studies by teams consisting of an orthopaedic surgeon and a Category-I prosthetist-orthotist were conducted. A series of quality measures were tested against previously published quality benchmarks. The polypropylene system gives a consistent product and allows for increased demands on quality benchmarks. The acceptance of discomfort and pain could be reduced to 5 +/- 5%. The technical performance demands were reduced for misalignment to 10 +/- 5%. In general for all quality measures the range could be reduced to +/- 5%. These new demands reflect what an orthopaedic workshop outside of a teaching system should be able to attain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

Comprehensive evaluation of ACMG/AMP-based variant classification tools.

MOTIVATION: The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines represent the gold standard for clinical variant interpretation. Despite the widespread adoption of ACMG/AMP guidelines, a comprehensive comparison of the software tools designed to implement them has been lacking. This represents a significant gap, as clinicians require evidence-based guidance on which tools to use in their practice. RESULTS: We benchmarked four ACMG/AMP-based tools (Franklin, InterVar, TAPES, Genebe) selected from 22 tools, and compared their performance with LIRICAL, a top-performing phenotype-driven tool, using 151 expert-curated datasets from Mendelian disorders. Selection criteria included free availability, VCF compatibility, operational reliability, and not being disease-specific. Our evaluation framework assessed top-N accuracy (N = 1, 5, 10, 20, 50), retention rates, precision, recall, F1 scores, and area under the curve (AUC). Statistical validation employed bootstrap confidence intervals (n = 1000) and Friedman tests. LIRICAL (68.21%) and Franklin (61.59%) demonstrated superior top-10 variant prioritization accuracy in Mendelian disorders, significantly outperforming other tools (P = .0000). Results demonstrate that tools with advanced phenotypic integration significantly outperform those relying primarily on genomic features. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: All data and source code required to reproduce the findings of this study are openly available in the Code Ocean repository at https://doi.org/10.24433/CO.6562438.v1.

Software↗
PubMed2004

Comparison of computational methods for the identification of cell cycle-regulated genes.

MOTIVATION: DNA microarrays have been used extensively to study the cell cycle transcription programme in a number of model organisms. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae data in particular have been subjected to a wide range of bioinformatics analysis methods, aimed at identifying the correct and complete set of periodically expressed genes. RESULTS: Here, we provide the first thorough benchmark of such methods, surprisingly revealing that most new and more mathematically advanced methods actually perform worse than the analysis published with the original microarray data sets. We show that this loss of accuracy specifically affects methods that only model the shape of the expression profile without taking into account the magnitude of regulation. We present a simple permutation-based method that performs better than most existing methods.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

The role of performance referents in health services organizations.

Health care executives rely on a variety of information sources to evaluate organizational performance. This is because outcomes take on meaning only when compared to referents, or standards of comparison. Although performance referents are widely acknowledged to be important, consideration of their relevance to health services management has been minimal. To address this need, we draw on organizational theories and observations from health services organizations to describe the use of performance referents and to provide insights about the possible effects of performance referent selection on strategic choices and performance.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed2023

MitoTracer facilitates the identification of informative mitochondrial mutations for precise lineage reconstruction.

Mitochondrial (MT) mutations serve as natural genetic markers for inferring clonal relationships using single cell sequencing data. However, the fundamental challenge of MT mutation-based lineage tracing is automated identification of informative MT mutations. Here, we introduced an open-source computational algorithm called "MitoTracer", which accurately identified clonally informative MT mutations and inferred evolutionary lineage from scRNA-seq or scATAC-seq samples. We benchmarked MitoTracer using the ground-truth experimental lineage sequencing data and demonstrated its superior performance over the existing methods measured by high sensitivity and specificity. MitoTracer is compatible with multiple single cell sequencing platforms. Its application to a cancer evolution dataset revealed the genes related to primary BRAF-inhibitor resistance from scRNA-seq data of BRAF-mutated cancer cells. Overall, our work provided a valuable tool for capturing real informative MT mutations and tracing the lineages among cells.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Galilean invariant lattice Boltzmann scheme for natural convection on square and rectangular lattices.

In this paper we present lattice Boltzmann (LB) schemes for convection diffusion coupled to fluid flow on two-dimensional rectangular lattices. Via inverse Chapman-Enskog analysis of LB schemes including source terms, we show that for consistency with physics it is required that the moments of the equilibrium distributions equal those of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. These constraints can be satisfied for the rectangular D2Q9 lattice for only fluid flow in the weakly compressible regime. The analysis of source terms shows that fluxes are really defined on the boundaries of the Wigner-Seitz cells, and not on the lattice sites where the densities are defined-which is quite similar to the staggered grid finite-volume schemes. Our theoretical findings are confirmed by numerical solutions of benchmark problems for convection diffusion and natural convection. The lattice Boltzmann scheme shows remarkably good performance for convection diffusion, showing little to non-numerical diffusion or numerical dispersion, even at high grid Peclet numbers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2025

MitoTracer facilitates the identification of informative mitochondrial mutations for precise lineage reconstruction.

Mitochondrial (MT) mutations serve as natural genetic markers for inferring clonal relationships using single cell sequencing data. However, the fundamental challenge of MT mutation-based lineage tracing is automated identification of informative MT mutations. Here, we introduced an open-source computational algorithm called "MitoTracer", which accurately identified clonally informative MT mutations and inferred evolutionary lineage from scRNA-seq or scATAC-seq samples. We benchmarked MitoTracer using the ground-truth experimental lineage sequencing data and demonstrated its superior performance over the existing methods measured by high sensitivity and specificity. MitoTracer is compatible with multiple single cell sequencing platforms. Its application to a cancer evolution dataset revealed the genes related to primary BRAF-inhibitor resistance from scRNA-seq data of BRAF-mutated cancer cells. Overall, our work provided a valuable tool for capturing real informative MT mutations and tracing the lineages among cells.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Balanced scorecard as a framework for driving performance in managed care organizations.

Managed care organizations in a highly competitive environment constantly face the pressure of improving their financial performance. At the same time, customers of the organization expect the organization to deliver high-quality outcomes and improve customer service. Payers expect the organization to develop innovative new products to meet their needs. This article presents an approach called "Balanced Scorecard" for measurement, development of strategy, and performance improvement in a managed care organization.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed1998

A fax-back oxygenator-perfusionist clinical performance data collection and statistical analysis method.

A method to collect clinical oxygenator performance data daily is described. At the end of a bypass procedure, the perfusionist fills in a fax-back form designed to automatically input patient-oxygenator performance data into a computer spreadsheet. Multiple blood gases, FiO2, gas and blood flow data, venous oxygenator blood inlet conditions (hemoglobin, O2 saturation, hematocrit and temperature), time on bypass and device manufacturer information are collected at the end of each cardiopulmonary bypass procedure at multiple institutions. A large sample database is created that allows multi-parametric analyses in regard to clinical practice, device performance, manufacturing consistency and patient requirements. The database and analyses facilitate institutional, manufacturer, and clinician benchmarking. Monthly reports to the clinicians give valuable feedback to improve oxygenator use and patient blood gas control. Reports to the device manufacturer provide information used to evaluate the clinical consequences of small changes in the manufacturing process.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A better gauge of corporate performance.

Traditional methods of measuring organizational value aren't working very well. Instead, an organization's viability should be gauged from four perspectives, according to Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton, co-creators of the Balanced Scorecard. These perspectives--financial strength, customer service and satisfaction, internal operating efficiency, and learning and growth--become the underpinnings of a "balanced" tool with which leaders can assess corporate performance in the knowledge-based marketplace.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed2001

An overview of the posters presented at Watermatex 2000. II. Sensor/monitoring, control and decision support systems.

This paper gives an overview of the poster sessions on sensor/monitoring, control and decision support systems, as they have been presented during the Watermatex 2000 conference. The COST benchmark for the comparison of different control strategies has been analysed. Two different teams have performed research on the control of sewers to decrease combined sewer overflows. Extended methods for gauge monitoring accuracy are proposed. The use of adaptive controllers for improving control performance under varying process conditions is demonstrated in two applications. More advanced techniques for monitoring and control are also discussed. Applications are situated in the field of fault detection and control. Three posters on decision support systems have presented the methodology and architecture of specific applications. Rewarded posters are mentioned and have been selected for full paper publication in this issue of Wat. Sci. Tech.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Applying the balanced scorecard in healthcare provider organizations.

Several innovative healthcare executives have recently introduced a new business strategy implementation tool: the Balanced Scorecard. The scorecard's measurement and management system provides the following potential benefits to healthcare organizations: It aligns the organization around a more market-oriented, customer-focused strategy It facilitates, monitors, and assesses the implementation of the strategy It provides a communication and collaboration mechanism It assigns accountability for performance at all levels of the organization It provides continual feedback on the strategy and promotes adjustments to marketplace and regulatory changes. We surveyed executives in nine provider organizations that were implementing the Balanced Scorecard. We asked about the following issues relating to its implementation and effect: 1. The role of the Balanced Scorecard in relation to a well-defined vision, mission, and strategy 2. The motivation for adopting the Balanced Scorecard 3. The difference between the Balanced Scorecard and other measurement systems 4. The process followed to develop and implement the Balanced Scorecard 5. The challenges and barriers during the development and implementation process 6. The benefits gained by the organization from adoption and use. The executives reported that the Balanced Scorecard strategy implementation and performance management tool could be successfully applied in the healthcare sector, enabling organizations to improve their competitive market positioning, financial results, and customer satisfaction. This article concludes with guidelines for other healthcare provider organizations to capture the benefits of the Balanced Scorecard performance management system.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed2001

No mission<-->no margin: it's that simple.

The authors describe their experience in developing a strategy-focused organization using the balanced scorecard methodology. They achieved this at Duke Children's Hospital by aligning the clinicians and administrators around a single integrated platform that linked improving business processes with achieving quality clinical outcomes. By organizing in this manner, they reduced cost by dollars 30 million and increased net margin by dollars 15 million while improving outcomes and staff satisfaction. This article describes a methodology to achieve strategic control of the organization, increase the knowledge of key stakeholders, and transform the organization to optimize the organization's performance.

Benchmarking↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of a complex health division at the Modena General Hospital by means of DRG indicators].

The authors have assessed the activity of a complex division (three wards) at the Modena General Hospital. The parameters used were DRG indicators: Case-Mix Index; Performance Index and Resources Index. It is a in-house hospital analysis, since the benchmark is based on the three units average figures. The analysis covers 1479 patients hospitalized during the first 6 months of the year 2000. The authors have taken into account overall DGRs, surgical DGRs and recurrent DGRs. Making allowance for the limits of such comparison, the study shows some differences as regards efficiency and cost-curbing policies, with the surgical unit having the largest and most diversified number of cases.

Benchmarking↗