PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Personal Autonomy”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Informed consent: patient rights and the doctor's duty of disclosure in South Africa.

In this paper, read at a conference on 'Law, Medicine and Human Rights', at Sun City in August 1987, the South African case law and legal opinion on the patient's right to be informed of, and the doctor's corresponding duty to disclose, the risks and dangers inherent in the medical intervention involved are systematized, expounded and discussed. The conclusion arrived at is that, although a variety of issues concerning the scope and test of disclosure have not yet been settled, the principle of patient autonomy and its corollary, informed consent, have received clear recognition in South African medical law.

Disclosure↗
PubMed2004

Introducing uninteresting tasks to children: a comparison of the effects of rewards and autonomy support.

Two experiments compared rewards and autonomy support as methods to promote children's self-regulation for an uninteresting vigilance task. Dependent measures were ratings of positive affect, perception of the task's value, and free-choice engagement. ANOVA results revealed some positive effects associated with autonomy support, whereas no effect for rewards was found in either study. The outcomes of most interest were correlations between free-choice behavior and self-reported measures of affect and value, reflecting the level of integration in self-regulation. As predicted by self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985, 1991, 2000), rewards were associated with behaviors incongruent from affect and value, whereas autonomy support led to integrated self-regulation. This finding was first detected in Study 1 and later replicated in Study 2. Together, these results point to autonomy support as a beneficial alternative to the common use of rewards.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Ethical conflicts in placebo treatment.

In this paper the pros and cons of using placebo are discussed from the point of view of ethical theories and principles. The effects of placebo are exemplified by findings from previous studies, and an authentic case serves to illustrate ethical dilemmas arising both for the caregiver and the patient in conjunction with the use of placebo. Placebo treatment is discussed from deontological and utilitarianist points of view, and violation of the ethical principles, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, autonomy and truth-telling, are considered.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Convergence and divergence in spouses' perspectives on women's autonomy in rural India.

This study explores similarities and differences in the perceptions of rural Indian women and their husbands with regard to various dimensions of women's autonomy and investigates the extent to which various reproductive outcomes--contraception, unmet need, recent fertility, and spousal communication--are influenced by individual partners' views of women's autonomy. Data are drawn from a 1993-94 community-based study of women's autonomy in Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, states that are, respectively, more and less patriarchal. Matched data were obtained from 1,660 women and their husbands. Results indicate no more than a loose agreement between women and their husbands concerning the dimensions of women's autonomy within the home. Where disagreement is expressed, husbands are more likely to project a comparatively liberal picture of their wives' autonomy than do their wives, and the inference can be made that in surveys men tended to provide more "acceptable" responses than when they were questioned in greater depth. Findings also suggest that cultural context affects the influences that wives' and their husbands' perceptions of women's autonomy have on reproductive outcomes. A clear regional divide is seen, net of individual and household characteristics, in the influence of almost every aspect of women's autonomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The process of obtaining informed patient consent.

Obtaining patients' consent for procedures and operations is not simply a question of getting them to sign a form. It is a process that enables health professionals to explain to patients what is going to be done to them. It should inform them of the risks and benefits of any proposed procedures, and of any alternatives that might be available. It demonstrates respect for patient autonomy and should help to prevent legal action against health professionals.

Communication↗
PubMed2003

Respect for patient autonomy.

Respect for patient autonomy creates the following obligations: informed consent, confidentiality, truth-telling and effective communication. Patient autonomy is becoming increasingly important in postmodern medicine and is changing the nature of the doctor--patient relationship.

Communication↗
PubMed2002

Autonomy, guardianship and mental disorder: one problem, two solutions.

The law in England and Wales governing both the provision of medical care in the case of adults with incapacity and the provision of care and treatment for mental disorder presents serious problems for the principle of patient autonomy. The adult with incapacity has no competence either to consent to or refuse medical treatment but the law provides no statutory structure for substitute decision making on that adult's behalf. On the other hand the law does allow a person with mental disorder to be treated for that disorder despite his or her competent refusal. The nature of these inconsistencies is considered and the implications which flow from the singling out of mental disorder are examined with reference to experience in two Australian jurisdictions. The current proposals for reform of the Mental Health Act are then considered in the light of the conclusions drawn.

Adult↗