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PubMed1993

[Portrait of Jean Martin Charcot].

Throughout paintings, engravings, and photography, Charcot's face and his life at the Salepêtrière have become widely known. More importantly, his biographers and those who wrote about their firsthand experiences with Charcot have brought to life his authority and his penetrating eye. Charcot held his students, his patients, and all those in close contact with him under a despotic rule. His shyness and emotions hid behind a cold and impenetrable mask. Much has been written about Charcot's life at the Salpêtrière. He transformed the old hospice into an institute of neurology considered internationally as a model, and its fame attracted visitors and patients from around the world. He formed a school at the Salpêtrière composed of his many students. These young men gathered each Tuesday evening in the luxurious reception halls of his mansion on Boulevard Saint-Germain. There they mixed with writers, artists, and politicians who were firmly republican and anticlerical. There is only information on Charcot's early years other than the major dates of his career and a few legends. Arriving at the Salpêtrière in 1862, he created the foundations of neurology over the next decade by applying the anatomoclinical method. Built on the traditions of the French anamatopathological method, his system was adapted by Charcot to incorporate the new advances in microscopy and cellular pathology. Later in his career, he also directed a scientific effort towards psychophysiologic explorations of hysteria and hypnosis, some inciting severe criticism. This judgement has been revised and in its place there remains the boldness of an innovative mind. His neurological achievement remains undisputed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

France↗
PubMed1993

Portraits of survival. A twenty-year follow-up of the children of Buffalo Creek.

This study is a follow-up of the children of Buffalo Creek "hollow" who survived the dam collapse and flood of 1972. It was conceived as a complement to the 1988 NIMH-funded follow-up investigation of the children of Buffalo Creek conducted by the University of Cincinnati Traumatic Stress Study Center. That 1988 study utilized standardized methodology to assess levels of psychopathology present among those who were children at the time of the 1972 flood. Among the original child subjects, results demonstrated that the rates of both posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and levels of other psychopathology had sharply declined as the children moved to adulthood. Several questions remained unanswered: the long-term meaning which the flood had in the survivors' lives and its impact on their adaptation as they progressed through the subsequent stages of emotional development. For these reasons, we, as psychoanalytic investigators who had been members of the original clinical assessment team, planned an interview of child and adolescent survivors as a follow-up to our interviews in 1974 with a particular focus on meaning and adaptation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1993

[Of glory and shame: a portrait of Oscar Wilde].

This study concerning the most controversial of British writers will surely evoke passionate reactions. Faced with the calibre and complexity of a figure such as Oscar Wilde, we concentrate our efforts on two lines of investigation event though we are aware that this will not satisfy all our readers. Firstly we look at the parallels between his principal work. The Picture of Dorian Gray, and his own tragic destiny. Many parallel themes can be found between the subject of the novel and the events of his own biography (particularly his relationship with an omnipresent mother in flagrant contrast to an absorbed and distant father). The second line of investigation looks at his problem of sexual identity. Oscar Wilde produced a work which described his own problems without any ambiguity. His homosexuality, his stage sense, his dandysm, as well as his taste for provocation and scandal are seen in the context of an unconditional relationship with a powerful mother which he attempted to find in his quest for substitutions love objects. It would seem that both, the relentless pursuit of his limits and the bearing of his secret fantasies, are not so much a reflection of a more or less verifiable reality but the product of as untiring elaboration of his fantasy-life.

Famous Persons↗
PubMed1993

Portrait of practice: a successful approach to preventing heel pressure ulcers after surgery.

Orthopedic surgical procedures requiring a long period of time in the operating room and in recuperation can often result in pressure ulcers of the heels. These are among the ulcers most difficult to heal; therefore, prevention is important. Instituting pre- and postoperative patient education, elevating the heels off the mattress, and using heel protectors resulted in 30 patients with total hip replacement having no pressure ulcers of the heels.

Heel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A portrait of the radiographer of the future.

This article describes the collection of data used by a community college in developing a plan to identify and meet the educational needs of radiographers for the year 2000 and beyond. Radiography program directors in the Midwest were asked to rank seven assumptions regarding the radiographer of the future. Respondents assigned a numerical ranking to each assumption, indicated the extent of agreement or disagreement and rated the importance of that assumption to teaching, the program and the institution.

Allied Health Personnel↗