PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “RADIUS FRACTURES”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

A histologic analysis of the effects of stainless steel and titanium implants adjacent to tendons: an experimental rabbit study.

PURPOSE: The current trend is to treat distal radius fractures with open reduction and internal fixation with either titanium or stainless steel plates. Both provide stable fixation; however, there is minimal evidence concerning the soft-tissue response to these materials. Our objective was to evaluate the response of adjacent extensor tendons to titanium and stainless steel in a rabbit in vivo model and to evaluate the influence of time. METHODS: Forty rabbits were divided into 5 groups of 8 rabbits each. Groups I and II had unilateral osteotomy of the distal radius followed by dorsal fixation with titanium and stainless steel plates, respectively. Groups III and IV had fixation with titanium and stainless steel, respectively, but without osteotomy. Group V had surgical dissection without osteotomy or plates. Two animals per group were killed at 1, 4, 12, and 24 weeks. The specimens (distal radius, plate, overlying soft tissue, and extensor tendon) were harvested en bloc for histologic analysis. For interface preservation between implant and tissues the specimens were embedded in methylmethacrylate, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. RESULTS: Histologic analysis showed a fibrous tissue layer formed over both implants between the plate and the overlying extensor tendons in the groups treated with plating independently of the material and the presence or absence of osteotomy. This fibrous layer contained the majority of debris. Metallic particles were not observed in the tendon or muscle substance of any animals; however, they were visualized in the tenosynovium. Hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections of groups I through IV showed proliferative fibroblasts and metallic particles; however, this layer was not observed in group V. Statistical analysis did not show differences between the groups regarding the number of cells or metallic particles. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that both implants generated adjacent reactive inflammatory tissue and particulate debris. There was no difference in cell or particle number produced by both materials. There is a statistically significant increase in inflammatory cells with increasing time of implantation.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Combined fracture of the distal radius and scaphoid in children. Report of 2 cases.

The authors report 2 cases of concomitant scaphoid and distal radial fractures, a rare combination of lesions in children. The first case was in a 13-year-old boy who presented a transverse midscaphoid fracture associated with a Salter type II distal radial fracture. The second concerned a 10-year-old boy who presented a bilateral wrist injury. On the left side, a distal forearm fracture with anterior displacement was associated with a transverse midscaphoid fracture. On the right side, there was only a distal forearm fracture. Scaphoid fracture associated with distal radial fracture seems to have been more frequently reported in the literature during the last decade, probably because it is more frequently recognised. In fact, children with distal forearm injury should be well examined both clinically and radiologically in order to search for an associated scaphoid fracture. Reduction of the radius fracture should be done carefully to avoid possible displacement of the scaphoid fracture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Epidemiological study on hip fractures in Tottori Prefecture].

These days, hip fractures are becoming serious health problem in elderly people. We have, therefore, conducted an epidemiological study in Tottori prefecture, Japan on the following elements related to the hip fracture of patients: the incidence, cause, environment, state of individual health, outcome and risk factors. We obtained data from hospital records and from hip fracture patients by mailed questionnaires. The incidence of hip fractures per 100000 person-years was 67.8 and 165.9 for male and female 50 years of age and older. This incidence is a half or one-third of that in North Europe or North America. We assume that the difference of physique and life style between Japanese and Caucasian have some effect on incidence. Almost all fractures occurred by falling over from a standing position. The incidence of distal radius fracture in past history is four times more frequent in female patients compared to that in males. About 12% of male and 19% of female patients aged 60 and over with hip fracture were demented before the injury. The case-control study revealed that thin figure and bed-ridden were significant risk factors for the hip fracture. Thin figure was more prevalent in the group with cervical fracture than that with the trochanteric fracture. Analyzing our data with the Cox proportional hazards model, our study has shown that male, aging and dementia were important factors in determining the life expectancy of patients with hip fracture.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Wheels-in-line roller skating injuries.

Injuries sustained by patients using wheels-in-line roller skates were reviewed in a survey of 57 cases collected by the Roosevelt Hospital Hand Service and 444 cases compiled by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Most patients were novice skaters in the second and third decades of life. Severe distal radius fractures and upper extremity soft-tissue trauma were the most common injuries in both groups. The distal radius (44.9%), scaphoid (13.9%), and radial head (10.4%) were the three most common fracture sites in the Roosevelt survey. Most (80%) skaters in this group did not wear protective equipment. In-line roller skating can and does produce disabling injuries. Also, several deaths were reported among skaters traveling in heavy traffic. To reduce the number of injuries, all skaters should wear protective gear, especially wrist and elbow pads. Splints reduce but do not eliminate the potential for trauma. In our study most injured skaters had not mastered controlled skating and stopping techniques. This new recreational sport is increasing in popularity and more injuries are expected if skaters fail to protect themselves properly.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1988

[A sparing operation in fracture of the radius head using pinning with resorbable Biofix material].

The incidence of dislocated, subcapitular radial head fracture is discussed. The traditional treatment of this fracture dictates resection of the radial head which induces disturbances of the elbow and wrist. The author has used the bio-degradable material BIOFIX as a 4.5 mm thick pin for internal splinting of the fracture. Early mobilization is possible and later no metal has to be removed. By demonstrating one case of treatment by BIOFIX the author shows a new chance for conservation of the radial head and thereby of the function of the joints.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Use of the Clyburn External Fixator in fractures of the distal radius.

A study was organized to evaluate the use of a one-plane external fixation device to treat comminuted fractures of the distal radius. Clinical and roentgenographic data were obtained in 20 patients with a followup ranging from 12 to 20 months. The results were graded 14 excellent, 4 good, 2 fair, and none poor. The use of the Clyburn External Fixation Device with supplemental radial styloid Kirschner wire fixation achieved acceptable results in the treatment of comminuted distal radius fractures and proved to be easily applied.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Modified transfixation pinning of compound radius and ulna fracture in a heifer.

A 405-kg heifer sustained a compound fracture of the distal portion of the radius and ulna after being hit by a car. The fracture was thoroughly debrided, lavaged, and reduced with the heifer under general anesthesia. The fracture was immobilized with a modified walking cast, using 2 fully threaded 6.4-mm (outside diameter) Steinmann pins placed through the proximal portion of the radius. The pins were incorporated into a full-limb fiberglass cast, and a 0.5-cm X 2.25-cm aluminum walking bar was positioned medially and laterally on the limb. The modified walking cast was removed after 7 weeks, and the fracture healed without complication. The transfixation pins and aluminum walking bar helped reduce the strong compressive and rotational forces at the fracture site. The modified walking cast can potentially be used for fixation of a variety of fractures in large animals.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of different distal radius dorsal and volar fracture fixation plates: a biomechanical study.

PURPOSE: To compare the biomechanical properties of 6 dorsal and volar fracture fixation plate designs in a cadaver model. METHOD: Six different plating techniques were used on surgically simulated, unstable, extra-articular distal radius fractures in fresh-frozen cadavers. Specimens were tested to failure in axial compression with the Materials Testing System machine, and were analyzed with a motion analysis system. The 6 different fixation systems studied included an AO stainless steel Pi plate (group 1), an AO titanium Pi plate (group 2), a Forte plate (group 3), a dorsally placed Symmetry plate (group 4), a volarly placed Symmetry plate (group 5), and a volarly placed SCS/V plate (group 6). RESULTS: All dorsal plates (groups 1, 2, 3, 4) failed in apex dorsal angulation and all volar plates (groups 5, 6) failed in apex volar angulation. No group developed an average angular deformity greater than 5 degrees with a load of 100 N, which compares with the physiologic loads expected with active wrist motion. Only the volarly placed SCS/V plated specimens (group 6) resisted deformation of 5 degrees or more at loads up to 250 N, which compares with the physiologic loads expected with active finger motion, and was significantly stronger and more rigid than the other 5 plate groups. CONCLUSIONS: The SCS/V plate fixation system is the most rigid of the systems tested and may offer adequate stability for the treatment of the distal radius fracture in which the anterior and/or posterior metaphyseal cortex is comminuted severely.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Plate osteosynthesis of diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna.

Between January 1980 and December 1989, 133 consecutive patients were treated for a fracture of the shaft of one or both forearm bones (134 forearms in total). All fractures were stabilized with AO/ASIF 3.5 mm stainless-steel dynamic compression plates. The 1 year follow-up rate was 99 per cent; the long-term follow-up rate was 92 per cent (the mean long-term follow-up was 10.2 years (range, 2.7-15.2)) so there were 96 men and 35 women, with an average age of 37.5 years (range, 16-63). Twenty-two per cent of the forearms had open fractures, 26 per cent of patients had sustained multiple injuries and 19 per cent had a head injury. One hundred and twenty-seven of 132 forearms (96.2 per cent) underwent problem-free consolidation before 6 months. Two delayed unions and two non-unions required reoperation. There was one superficial infection in a patient with a closed fracture. Plates were removed from 70 patients (53 per cent) at a mean of 33.1 months (range, 8-122) after the first operation. In this group, there were three refractures (4.3 per cent) occurring at a mean of 8.7 months (range, 0-14) after plate removal. This study confirms the safety and efficacy of plate osteosynthesis in forearm shaft fractures: a high union rate and low complication rate can be anticipated. The data presented form the most reliable information on this subject currently available with the longest and highest rate of follow up of a sufficient number of patients using a single implant system in a single institution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Management of orthopedic emergencies.

Initial management of injuries includes safely gaining control of the animal and assessing and treating systemic shock. If hemorrhage is life threatening, it must be controlled. If the limb is nonfunctional it should be stabilized. Any open orthopedic injury should be treated by cleaning the tissues, protecting the exposed tissues, and administering systemic antibiotics. A commercial splint is available (Equine Regular Leg Saver Splint, Kimzey Welding Works, Woodland, CA) that can immobilize and relieve weightbearing for cases of phalangeal fracture, flexor tendon rupture, fetlock breakdown, and lower joint luxations/subluxations. Hock and carpal luxation and radius fracture in foals can be stabilized by wooden or metal splint incorporation in a bandage. Tibial fractures can be stabilized with a modified Thomas splint. Injuries that expose a joint or infectious arthritis require emergency diagnosis of joint involvement, and subsequent joint lavage, intra-articular antibiotics, and systemic antibiotics. For further treatment of septic arthritis, the cases can be referred to a hospital for joint drainage. The appropriate emergency treatment of these injuries is often the determining factor in whether the injury remains in a condition that can be successfully repaired.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Fractures of the radius in the typical site, conservative and surgical treatment--comparison of results].

In the years 1987-1988, 372 fractures of the radius in the typical zone were treated at the trauma station. 178 were included into our study, the remaining 194 did not return for check-ups. 123 cases were treated conservatively and 55 operatively. According to statistical data, more women than men were injured (p < 0.01). More patients aged over 60 were treated conservatively. In operative and conservative treatment, the types of fractures were similar (p < 0.01). In comparing the results of operative treatment with those from 1985, we establish that the present results are better (p < 0.0001), owing above all to the shorter period of time elapsing between injury and operation. In conservative treatment, the results are also better owing to a change in the method of plaster casting. All unstable fractures must be treated operatively. Among the applied operative methods, transcutaneous fixation with Kierschner's wires under X-ray monitoring proved to be the best. Etiologically, injuries listed under other hold the first place, followed by occupational and traffic injuries. Treatment and control must be managed by a surgeon who is acquainted with problems of bone tissue injuries. Continuous cooperation with the physiotherapist is of extreme importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Remodelling after distal forearm fractures in children. III. Correction of residual angulation in fractures of the radius.

The outcome of residual angulation of the radius after 38 distal forearm fractures in children was investigated. The period of observation ranged from 4 months to 10 years and 8 months. The correction of a residual angulation after a fracture was shown to be governed by three factors. 1. An increase in the time between healing of the fracture and completed growth at the epiphyseal plates resulted in a more complete correction. 2. A larger adaxial dislocation of the epiphyseal plate at the time of healing of the fracture, reflecting a larger primary fracture angulation and a greater distance from the fracture to the epiphyseal plate, resulted in a less complete correction. 3. A more complete correction or overcorrection of the distal epiphyseal plate increased the correction of the angulation of the fracture. These findings strongly indicate that the process of correction of a residual angulation after a healed fracture can be explained in terms of the combined effects of the direction and amount of longitudinal growth at the epiphyseal plate. A trigonometrical equation based on this theory predicted the residual angulations of the fractures, at follow-up, with an error of less than 1 degree.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Problem of fracture of the radius head in the child].

Guidelines for the choice of conservative or operative treatment of fractures of the proximal radius are derived from a study comprising 21 children. Postoperative complications and long-term failures are specifically stressed. True intraarticular fractures of the radial head are rarely observed in children. Major problems arise in the treatment of comminuted fractures of the radial head associated with dislocation of the elbow, since these show the worst prognosis. Displaced marginal fractures below 3 mm are suited for early functional treatment using conservative procedures. 18 patients suffered a fracture of the radial neck type III and IV (Judet). Despite low failure rates of the operative therapy, we have recently been refraining from the operation.

Adolescent↗