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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1976

Acanthosis nigricans and wart-like lesions associated with metastatic carcinoma of the stomach.

A 63-year-old white man developed malignant acanthosis nigricans one year after a hemigastrectomy for adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Multiple "wart-like" lesions involving the dorsa of the hands, arms and trunk were also present. The malignant acanthosis nigricans in the patient appears to have paralledled the course of the metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma. Discrete verrucous lesions can occur in malignant acanthosis nigricans which histopathologically may show either squamous or basal cell hyperplasia.

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PubMed2001

Subtle radiographic findings of achondroplasia in patients with Crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans due to an Ala391Glu substitution in FGFR3.

A unique type of craniofacial dysostosis, Crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans (CAN), has been attributed to a specific substitution (Ala391Glu) in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene. At birth, individuals with this disorder have craniosynostosis, ocular proptosis, midface hypoplasia, choanal atresia, hydrocephalus, and they experience the onset of acanthosis nigricans during childhood. We report three cases and compare the clinical characteristics of our cases with the previously reported cases of this disorder. Since the Ala391Glu substitution in FGFR3 is close to the substitutions in the transmembrane domain that result in achondroplasia, we carefully reviewed the skeletal findings in six patients. We identified subtle radiographic findings of achondroplasia in all six cases including narrow sacrosciatic notches, short vertebral bodies, lack of the normal increase in interpediculate distance from the upper lumbar vertebrae caudally, and broad, short metacarpals and phalanges. Even before acanthosis nigricans appears, the presence of choanal atresia and hydrocephalus in an individual with features of Crouzon syndrome should suggest the diagnosis of CAN, and subtle skeletal findings can lend further support to this diagnosis.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Acanthosis nigricans, hyperinsulinaemia and risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

We examined the association between acanthosis nigricans, hyperinsulinaemia and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients from the United Arab Emirates. Height, weight and sitting blood pressure were recorded in 122 patients with acanthosis nigricans, and blood samples were obtained for measuring fasting cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and uric acid levels. In addition, a glucose tolerance test was performed and blood was sampled for insulin and glucose. Our results indicate that the patients with acanthosis nigricans had a high prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinaemia. In addition, euglycaemic patients with hyperinsulinaemia had a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMed1992

Insulin resistance in obese boys with acanthosis nigricans.

Insulin resistance was investigated in three obese boys with acanthosis nigricans and their results were compared to those obtained in non-acanthotic obese patients. Blood glucose immune reactive serum insulin and C-peptide during oral glucose tolerance test and 125I-insulin binding investigated. Obese patients with acanthosis nigricans were more insulin resistant than simple obese controls. Insulin binding studies performed in two acanthotic patients suggested that one of them had insulin resistance type A, and the second patient had insulin resistance type B. According to the results acanthosis nigricans can serve as a marker for severe insulin resistance in obesity.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMed1992

[A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung associated with acanthosis nigricans and solitary bronchial papilloma].

A 58-year-old man diagnosed as having acanthosis nigricans symmetrically distributed on the face, neck, hands, navel and external genitals, was admitted to our department for further investigation of abnormal chest films. Bronchoscopy revealed squamous cell carcinoma of left S6 and solitary bronchial papilloma of left S3. After left pneumonectomy, facial hyperpigmentation improved slightly. About half of the reported cases of acanthosis nigricans are accompanied by various kinds of malignant neoplasms, mostly adenocarcinomas of the digestive system. The association with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung in our case appears to be unique. Only 16 cases of solitary bronchial papilloma, including our case which had the smallest diameter of 2 mm, have been reported in Japan. While it is suggested that malignant neoplasms contribute to abnormal epidermal growth such as acanthosis nigricans, a causal relationship between squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and bronchial papilloma cannot be established.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of obesity, acanthosis nigricans and hyperinsulinemia in an adolescent clinic.

A descriptive chart analyses was conducted of 100 consecutive patients at an adolescent medicine clinic at West Virginia University School of Medicine between April and May 2002 to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity, acanthosis nigricans and hyperinsulinemia. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and screening for acanthosis nigricans (AN) were recorded. For patients with AN, fasting lipid, glucose, and insulin levels were also recorded. A total of 37% (37/100) of adolescents were found to be significantly overweight or obese, with BMIs greater than the 85th percentile for gender and age, 28% (28/100) had a BMI greater than the 95th percentile for gender and age, and 17% (17/100) were observed to have AN. In this cohort, 94% (16/17) had a BMI greater than the 95th percentile. Patients with AN were found to have higher mean BMI (39.7 vs. 29.7), systolic (132 vs. 122), and diastolic (73 vs. 65) blood pressures that the patients who were obese and did not have AN. In addition, 16 of the 17 adolescents with AN were found to have elevated fasting insulin levels (mean 33.6). A fasting insulin level was not obtained on a 12-year-old girl with AN already receiving treatment with rosiglitazone (Avandia) for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in patients at the adolescent clinic is over twice the national average. The prevalence of acanthosis nigricans in this mostly non-minority population is over three times the highest previously reported rate for Caucasians.

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PubMed1990

Association of specific histocompatibility antigens and acanthosis nigricans with insulin resistance.

1. The association or interaction of histocompatibility antigens (HLA) and acanthosis nigricans with type A insulin resistance was studied in 13 patients (10 from family I, 2 from family II and an isolated case) for both sexes. 2. HLA typing for the A, B, C and D antigens was performed by a standard microcytotoxicity test for all patients and for 100 normal controls from the same geographic area. 3. The frequency of HLA B8 was 21% in the control group and 100% in patients with acanthosis nigricans. The frequency of HLA A1B8 was 15% in controls and 73% in acanthotic patients. 4. All the members of family I presenting the association of a possible insulin receptor defect (most likely provided by patient 2) with HLA B8 (provided by patient 1) showed a more pronounced clinical and laboratory expression of insulin resistance. 5. These data suggest that class I antigens of major histocompatibility complex (MHC), A1 and/or B8, may be involved in the pathogenesis of some forms of insulin resistance such as acanthosis nigricans (type A syndrome), possibly by a molecular interaction of the antigens with insulin receptors.

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PubMed1990

[A case of long surviving gastric cancer with an malignant acanthosis nigricans].

Reported the case of a 73 year old female who was diagnosed as having a gastric cancer with malignant acanthosis nigricans and had a long survival, totaling about 8 years 6 months after operation. Further, her skin lesion completely disappeared. In general, a gastric cancer with malignant acanthosis nigricans is said to have a very poor prognosis and an analysis of recent cases has indicated that the average survival is about 10 months. The reason for such a bad prognosis is thought to be that the diagnosis of a gastric cancer with malignant acanthosis nigricans is usually determined only after the cancer is far advanced.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Acanthosis nigricans and cancer of the stomach].

A case of a 44 years old patient with inoperable gastric adenocarcinoma and exuberant lesions of Acanthosis Nigricans is described. He died nine months after the diagnosis, having experienced disappearance of the cutaneous manifestations after the cytostatic treatment done. The literature about Acanthosis Nigricans is reviewed and the importance of precocious search of associated malign disease is stressed. It was demonstrated by immunocytochemistry, positivity to NSE (neuron specific enolase) and ACTH, in the patient gastric tumour cells which allows them to be classified as neuroendocrine cells. It is suggested that Acanthosis Nigricans is a manifestation of a para-endocrine syndrome.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Acanthosis nigricans in pregnancy].

A case of Acanthosis nigricans developed in a pregnant 16 year old woman is reported. Laboratory studies disclosed an abnormal glucose tolerance and elevated levels of insulinemia with an insulin-resistant state. Two months after partum, the metabolic parameters became normal and parallel the complete resolution of acanthosis nigricans was observed. The possible pathogenetic role of pregnancy in the development of acanthosis nigricans is discussed.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMed1988

[Familial acanthosis nigricans].

After a brief introduction about the classification and clinicopathological findings of acanthosis nigricans, we present a clinical case of the familial type of acanthosis nigricans in a woman with lesions beginning in childhood and with three family members affected. We comment the characteristics that permit us to individualize this condition from the other forms of benign acanthosis nigricans.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMed1985

Clinical, biochemical, and ovarian morphologic features in women with acanthosis nigricans and masculinization.

Nine women with acanthosis nigricans and masculinization, who did not appear to have any of the reported syndromes associated with acanthosis nigricans, were studied to characterize the clinical, biochemical, and ovarian morphologic features of their disorders. These patients had the clinical and biochemical profiles of polycystic ovarian disease. All acanthosis nigricans subjects had significant insulin resistance when insulin binding to both circulating monocytes and erythrocytes was compared to the control subjects. Microscopic examination of the ovaries revealed no evidence of recent normal ovulation, sclerosis of the ovarian cortex, follicle cysts, and stromal hyperthecosis. The authors conclude that ovarian stromal hyperthecosis and insulin resistance are consistent findings in the present type of patient. This study provides further evidence supporting a relationship between insulin resistance and human ovarian function.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMed1984

Familial acanthosis nigricans.

A mother and daughter had benign familial acanthosis nigricans. Familial acanthosis nigricans begins in early childhood and may be accentuated at puberty. The eruption is not associated with underlying illness. Forms of acanthosis nigricans are associated with obesity, endocrinologic abnormalities, drug ingestion, and malignant neoplasms.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMed1993

[Amenorrhea, insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans. A hyperandrogenic and a normoandrogenic clinical forms].

Two cases of HAIR-AN syndrome (hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans) are presented. The first case corresponds to a female with a systemic lupus erythematosus and acanthosis nigricans in which an insulin resistance was documented; the patient was in amenorrhea with severe hypoestrogenism, although she did not have clinical signs of hyperandrogenism and serum androgen levels were normal. This case corresponds to a HAIR-AN syndrome associated to autoimmune diseases or type A of Kahn. The second case is a young female with clinical signs of hyperandrogenism associated to high testosterone levels; she had acanthosis nigricans and fasting and postprandial hyperinsulinemia. Probably, this case corresponds to a type A or C HAIR-AN syndrome in which there is a decrease in the number of insulin receptors or a post receptor defect in insulin action.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMed1993

Vulvar acanthosis nigricans: a marker for insulin resistance in hirsute women.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of acanthosis nigricans (AN) in a group of hirsute, hyperandrogenic women and to determine the body site most frequently affected. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING: University teaching hospital. PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS: Reproductive age, nonhypertensive, nondiabetic women referred for evaluation of hirsutism, documented to have hyperandrogenism, without medications known to influence lipid, carbohydrate, or hormonal metabolism. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Presence of AN. Insulin resistance was assessed by measuring fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and nadir glucose after a 0.1 U/kg i.v. insulin bolus in both obese and nonobese, hirsute, hyperandrogenic women. RESULTS: Twenty-four of 43 women were found to have AN. Although AN was identified at several body sites including the axilla (n = 14), on the nape of the neck (n = 13), below the breasts (n = 7), and on the inner thigh (n = 7), it was always present on the vulva in women who displayed one or more lesions. Acanthosis nigricans was found only in the obese, hirsute, hyperandrogenic women. These women were the most insulin resistant. CONCLUSIONS: Acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistance are found frequently in obese, hirsute, hyperandrogenic women. The vulva is the most likely place to find this marker.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗

PubMed1993

Acanthosis nigricans and hyperandrogenism in a pregnancy complicated by diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Acanthosis nigricans and hyperandrogenism have been associated with diabetes mellitus accompanied by insulin resistance. However, these manifestations have rarely been reported to occur as a result of the insulin resistance of pregnancy. CASE: A 31-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus exhibited severe insulin resistance during pregnancy. At 32 weeks, daily administration of 500 U insulin was required to maintain glycemic control. Skin lesions typical of acanthosis nigricans appeared, and free testosterone levels were elevated (10.3 pg/mL). These manifestations resolved after delivery. CONCLUSION: This case may demonstrate a correlation between reversible gestational insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans.

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PubMed1979

Does the cancer accompanying acanthosis nigricans contain endocrine cells of the APUD series?

Following the publication of Hage & Hage, who believe that gastric cancers accompanying malignant acanthosis nigricans might constitute a specific group of carcinomas in which cells from parts of the tumor arise from the APUD-series of endocrine cells, carcinomas of 2 patients with malignant acanthosis nigricans were subjected to investigation. There were no APUD-cells in the adenocarcinomas studied but they were present in the overlying mucosa. It is known, moreover, that internal carcinomas not accompanying malignant acanthosis nigricans may contain APUD cells.

APUD Cells↗

PubMed1976

Hidradenitis suppurativa following acanthosis nigricans. Report of two cases.

Two overweight male patients developed acanthosis nigrican of the axillae. Seven to nine months later, the patients developed hidradenitis suppurativa deep within the areas of acanthosis nigricans. On examination of biopsy specimens, the hyperkeratosis of acanthosis nigricans was found to extend into the follicles. In previous reports, Fox-Fordyce disease and pityriasis rubra pilaris have preceded the onset of hidradenitis suppurativa.

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