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Results for “ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY”

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PubMed1995

Fathers' and mothers' participation in research.

This study investigated the participation rates of fathers, as compared to mothers, in research related to parent and older adolescent psychological symptoms, drinking behavior, and perceived competence. Fathers and mothers did not differ in their rates of participation in the research (59% and 65%, respectively). Additionally, few differences were found between participating and nonparticipating parents. Implications for fathers' and mothers' involvement in research on the family are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

Jungian feminine psychology and adolescent prostitutes.

This paper explores Jungian feminine psychology and its application in the treatment of adolescent prostitutes. Wolff's (1956) work on feminine functions and Leonard's (1982) work with father-daughter wounds are discussed, and techniques for applying these concepts with adolescent prostitutes are explored.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Parental substance use consequences and adolescent psychopathology.

OBJECTIVE: This study examines the relationship between parental substance use consequences and adolescent psychological problems by gender of the adolescent and gender of the parent. METHOD: The data in this study were collected between 1989 and 1994 from 173 (116 proband and 57 control) families participating in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) project. All 173 adolescents (89 [51%] boys) completed the Structured Assessment Record of Alcoholic Homes (SARAH) to assess parental substance use consequences. In addition, the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism for Adolescents (C-SSAGA-A) was administered to all adolescents to obtain clinical psychiatric diagnoses. RESULTS: Concern about mother's substance use was significantly associated with adolescent alcohol dependence and major depressive disorder. In addition, concern about father's substance use was significantly related to adolescent alcohol dependence. Avoidance of mother when she was drinking or using drugs and maternal anger when drinking or using drugs also was significantly associated with adolescent alcohol dependence, conduct disorder and major depressive disorder. In contrast, avoidance of father and paternal anger when drinking or using drugs was not related to any of the adolescent diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that maternal substance use consequences may be more closely linked to adolescent psychological adjustment than are paternal substance use consequences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[How to identify the psychologically endangered adolescents in an emergency unit].

First aid is the most frequent way of contact of adolescents with the hospital. For many of them, the apparent reason of first aid request is only a part of larger care needs including medical, psychological and sociofamilial aspects which are frequently overlooked in the context of overcharged work of emergency units. In this paper we present a protocol aiming to identify psychologically endangered adolescents among those seen in the emergency unit of the Hôtel-Dieu hospital in Paris. The protocol is based upon a questionnary filled by the adolescents. According to the response score to this questionnary the practitioner in charge of the adolescent may be alerted, and, besides the medical or surgical first aid, may orientate the adolescent toward a management by a youth specialized team.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predicting recidivism in delinquent adolescents from psychological and psychiatric assessment.

An important but sparse body of research focuses on psychiatric disorders and/or psychological characteristics as predictors of recidivism in delinquent adolescents. Through detailed psychiatric and psychological assessment in 64 adjudicated male juvenile delinquents, the current study investigated the long-term relationships between psychopathology, intellectual functioning, and recidivism. Psychiatric diagnosis was based on the results of a semistructured interview conducted both with delinquents and their parents. After 2 years, information on recidivism was retrieved from the official records for the 64 subjects who underwent an initial assessment and the 36 who did not but who were adjudicated during the same period. The statistical model of future offending was able to explain 44.0% of the variance through the combination of (1) diagnosis of conduct disorder, (2) absence of major depression, and (3) low verbal IQ as scored on a standard intelligence test. It is concluded that specific aspects of psychiatric and psychological assessment can help to predict recidivist offending in delinquent adolescents. Future research should focus on the possibilities of implementing these findings in the development of prevention and rehabilitation programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Exposure to violence and parenting as mediators between poverty and psychological symptoms in urban African American adolescents.

The present study builds on past research that has found support for a conceptual model in which poverty is linked with adolescent psychological symptoms through economic stressors and impaired parenting. The present study examined this model in a sample of urban African American mothers and their adolescent children. In addition, an alternative hypothesis was examined: that exposure to community violence mediates the relation between poverty and psychological symptoms in urban youth. Limited support was found for a model in which poverty is linked with internalizing symptoms through exposure to community violence and with externalizing symptoms through economic stressors and inconsistent discipline. Interpretations, limitations, and directions for future research are outlined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Scores on the eysenck personality questionnaire for a sample of children and adolescents receiving psychological treatment in Puerto Rico.

Personality questionnaire scores obtained by children and adolescents (n = 28) receiving psychological treatment at a health facility in Humacao, Puerto Rico were examined. The scores were compared with those of regular school children of the same age, of Gurabo, Puerto Rico, who were not in treatment (n = 30). The children in treatment obtained higher scores on Psychoticism, lower scores on Extraversion, and similar scores on Neuroticism and Dissimulation by comparison with regular students.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Positive psychology and adolescent mental health: false promise or true breakthrough?

The emerging field of positive psychology has pledged to improve the mental health of American adolescents. Yet, without a principle-based conceptual foundation to guide its study of optimal youth functioning, positive psychology will ultimately fail to keep its promise. This paper suggests that the principles of Mind, Thought and Consciousness can provide positive psychology with a clearer understanding of optimal psychological functioning, serve as a unifying conceptual framework to guide its proposed mission, and lead to a true breakthrough in adolescent mental health. It first describes how the logic of these principles accounts for all subjective human experience. It then demonstrates how optimal mental health is generated, and how it can be maintained irrespective of present or past circumstances. Finally, it discusses how several contemporary models of positive psychology (i.e., Csikszentmihalyi's flow. Seligman's learned optimism, Goleman's emotional intelligence, and Buss's evolutionary perspective) can be simplified and clarified using the logic of the above three principles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Natural mentor relationships among Latina adolescent mothers: psychological adjustment, moderating processes, and the role of early parental acceptance.

Investigated the antecedents, effects, and underlying characteristics of natural mentor relationships in a sample of 54 inner-city, Latina adolescent mothers. Women with mentors reported significantly lower levels of depression and anxiety than those without mentors despite similar levels of stress exposure and overall support resources. Young women with natural mentors were also more satisfied with their support resources and appeared better able to cope effectively with relationship problems. Finally, women with mentors recalled their childhood relationships with their mothers as more accepting. Mentor relationships appear to enhance young women's capacity to benefit from their support resources and offset the effects of relationship problems. Implications for future research and intervention strategies are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

Jewish-Arab relations in Israel: a psychology of adolescence perspective.

Jewish and Arab high school seniors (61 Jewish boys and 51 Jewish girls, 57 Arab boys and 49 Arab girls) participated in a study of future orientation and described their hopes and fears for the future. The present analysis focuses on part of the data pertaining to the respondents' cross-ethnic references. More Arab than Jewish adolescents referred to the other ethnic group. The cross-ethnic references contained hope for peace and fear of war; the Arab statements, however, also showed discontent with Israeli authorities. More Arab than Jewish adolescents referred to collective issues (the people, the state, the world). The percentage of Jewish and Arab adolescents concerned with Jewish-Arab relations relative to the number addressing other aspects of collective concerns were similar (12% for Jews and 16% for Arabs). For Jews, this small number was related to adolescents' egocentrism and for Arabs, to adolescents' ethnocentrism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Parentification and its impact on adolescent children of parents with AIDS.

Parentification refers to children or adolescents assuming adult roles before they are emotionally or developmentally ready to manage those roles successfully. We assess predictors and outcomes of parentification among adolescent children of Parents with AIDS (PWAs) in two phases. In Phase 1, relationships among parental AIDS-related illness, parent drug use, parent and adolescent demographics, and parentification indicators (parental, spousal, or adult role-taking) were assessed among 183 adolescent-parent pairs (adolescents: 11 to 18 years, M = 14.8 years, 54% female; parents: 80% female). Adult role-taking was associated with maternal PWAs, female adolescents, and greater parent drug use. Greater parental AIDS-related illness predicted more spousal and parental role-taking. Parent drug use predicted more parental role-taking. In Phase 2, we examined the impact of parentification on later adolescent psychological adjustment (N = 152 adolescents). Adult role-taking predicted more internalized emotional distress; parental role-taking predicted externalized problem behaviors: sexual behavior, alcohol and marijuana use, and conduct problems. Given these dysfunctional outcomes, we discuss interventions to mitigate parentification among children of PWAs.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2002

Management of child and adolescent obesity: psychological, emotional, and behavioral assessment.

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to describe the usual psychological, emotional, and behavioral evaluations of overweight children and adolescents to target education of pediatric health care providers. A secondary aim was to determine whether certain provider characteristics were associated with recommended evaluation practices. METHODS: A total of 203 pediatricians, 293 pediatric nurse practitioners, and 444 registered dietitians completed questionnaires about their evaluation of overweight children and adolescents (response rates 19%, 33%, and 27%, respectively). Results were examined for adherence to published recommendations and for associations with certain provider characteristics. RESULTS: All 3 groups generally followed recommended psychological and emotional evaluation practices. Nearly all respondents obtained a diet history, and >75% evaluated physical activity as recommended. Fifty to 61% routinely initiated treatment in overweight children with no obesity-associated medical conditions, and 13% to 29% initiated treatment in children and adolescents who did not want to control weight. The majority included parents in treatment, but one third or fewer involved all household members. More than 75% sometimes referred to a mental health specialist. In general, provider's body mass index, gender, years in practice, and practice specialty were not associated with following evaluation recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: Emotional and behavioral assessments were generally consistent with recommendations. Providers will benefit from identification of methods to engage overweight youth who do not want to control weight.

Adolescent↗