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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

An experimental study of the mechanism of andrographis paniculata nees (APN) in alleviating the Ca(2+)-overloading in the process of myocardial ischemic reperfusion.

The aim of this experiment is to study the mechanism of APN in alleviating the Ca(2+)-overloading in dog model during the process of ischemic reperfusion. In comparison with the sustained ischemic group, the parameters in the ischemic reperfusion group demonstrated: Ca(2+) of ischemic region of myocardial cell increased (P < 0.05), Na+ increased remarkably (P < 0.01), the activity of Ca(2+)-ATPase dropped remarkably (P < 0.01), and MDA increased significantly (P < 0.01). Whereas in the group pretreated with APN, the Ca(2+) in the relevant area reduced (P < 0.05), Na+ decreased significantly (P < 0.01), the activity of Ca(2+)-ATPase and Na+-K+ ATPase increased remarkably (P < 0.01), and MDA decreased significantly (P < 0.01). These findings indicate tha APN may improve the activity of sarcolemma ATPase in alleviating the Ca(2+) and Na+ -overloading by decreasing the harmful effect of oxygen free radicals.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The effect of andrographis paniculata nees (APN) in alleviating the myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury.

In experimental dogs, the effect of APN in alleviating the ischemia-reperfusion injury was prominent. Compared with the sustained ischemia group, superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the ischemic region of myocardial tissue in the ischemia-reperfusion group was significantly decreased and malondialdehyde (MDA) markedly increased: Ca2+ in myocardial cells was increased; and ultrastructural changes of myocardial tissues were severe. In the APN-pretreated ischemia-reperfusion group, on the contrary, all the above parameters showed reversely, i.e., SOD increased, MDA and intracellular Ca2+ decreased, the ultrastructure changes were less distorted.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Mechanism of the superoxide scavenging activity of neoandrographolide - a natural product from Andrographis paniculata Nees.

It was hypothesized that neoandrographolide might scavenge free radicals by donating the allylic hydrogen of the unsaturated lactone ring. It was found that the stoichiometry of the reaction between neoandrographolide and superoxide radical generated from KO(2) in DMSO was 2 to 1. One major reaction product was isolated and determined to be a diacid formed by the opening of the lactone ring. It was concluded that the antiradical activity of neoandrographolide proceeded by hydrogen abstraction from carbon C-15. A reaction mechanism was proposed.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed2001

Efficacy of crude extracts of Andrographis paniculata nees. on Callosobruchus chinensis L. during post harvest storage of cowpea.

Bioefficacy of different solvent fractions of A. paniculata was tested against the cowpea weevil, C. chinensis in terms of its effect on adult mortality, total egg output and emergence of F1 adults. All the extracts were effective against the weevil, the efficacy was however more significant with respect to methanol and ethyl acetate extracts at the highest concentrations (1,000 ppm) which lead to 72.01 and 67.69% adult mortality respectively. The efficacy was dose dependent. Total egg and percent emergence of Fl adults were lowest for methanol followed by ethyl acetate fractions. Possible role of the principal chemical constituents of this plant in bringing about mortality of the pest, reduction in egg laying and adult emergence are discussed.

Acanthaceae↗
PubMed1990

Hepatoprotective activity of andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata against carbontetrachloride.

Andrographolide, a diterpenoid lactone, was isolated (yield 0.78% w/w) from A. paniculata (whole plant). Its LD50 in male mice was 11.46 g/kg, ip. Antihepatotoxic activity of andrographolide (100 mg/kg, ip) was compared with 861.33 mg/kg, ip, of the methanolic extract (equivalent to 100 mg/kg of andrographolide) and 761.33 mg/kg ip, of the andrographolide-free methanolic extract (equivalent to 861.33 mg/kg of the methanolic extract) of the plant, using CCl4-intoxicated rats. Biochemical parameters like serum transaminases--GOT and GPT, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum bilirubin and hepatic triglycerides were estimated to assess the liver function. Overall inhibition of CCl4-induced increase in the five biochemical parameters was found to be 48.6 per cent (andrographolide), 32.0 per cent (methanolic extract) and 15.0 per cent (andrographolide-free methanolic extract). These biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination of the liver slices. Further, andrographolide (100 mg/kg, ip) was found to normalize completely the CCl4-induced increase in the pentobarbitone induced sleep time of mice. The results suggest that andrographolide is the major active antihepatotoxic principle present in A. paniculata.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

Antifertility effect of Andrographis paniculata (Nees) in male albino rat.

Dry leaf powder of A. paniculata, when fed orally to male albino rats, at a dose level of 20 mg powder per day for 60 days, resulted in cessation of spermatogenesis, degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules, regression of Leydig cells and regressive and/or degenerative changes in the epididymis, seminal vesicle, ventral prostate and coagulating gland. There was reduction in the weight and fluid content of the accessory glands. The treatment also resulted in accumulation of glycogen and cholesterol in the testis, and increased activities of lactate dehydrogenase in testis and alkaline phosphatase in testis and ventral prostate. The results suggest antispermatogenic and/or antiandrogenic effect of the plant.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1985

Andrographolide and kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) extract: effect on intestinal brush-border membrane-bound hydrolases.

Oral (p.o.) administration of a single dose of kalmegh leaf extract (KE; 0.5 g/kg and 1.0 g/kg) or andrographolide (A; 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) to adult male albino rats (100-120 g) produced a dose-related and time-dependent characteristic activation of brush-border membrane-bound hydrolases, viz. lactase, maltase and sucrase in three regions of small intestine (viz. duodenum, jejunum and ileum). The maximum stimulation of these disaccharidases was obtained at 6 hr of either KE or A administration. Further, it was also noted that the extent of activation of the disaccharidases with KE or A, both at higher and lower doses, followed the order: (a) Maltase greater than sucrase greater than lactase in duodenum and (b) Maltase greater than lactase greater than sucrase in jejunum and ileum. Long term administration (for 7, 15 and 30 consecutive days) of either KE (500 p.o.) or A (5 mg/kg/day; p.o.) stimulated lactase, maltase and sucrase in all parts of the small intestine. Maximum stimulation of lactase and maltase was noted after 30 consecutive days of treatment while sucrase exhibited maximum activation after 15 consecutive of treatment with either KE or A. These results suggest that both KE and A accelerate intestinal digestion and absorption of carbohydrate by activating these intestinal disaccharidases.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Andrographolide and kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) extract: in vivo and in vitro effect on hepatic lipid peroxidation.

Single or repeated (for 15 consecutive days) oral administration of kalmegh leaf extract (500 mg/kg) or its bitter principle, andrographolide (5 mg/kg), to adult male albino rats (b.wt. 125-150 g) produced no significant change in NADPH induced hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation. Carbontetrachloride (5 ml/kg) induced hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation was decreased when the rats were pretreated (for 4 hr), but only with a single dose and not with long term administration of kalmegh or andrographolide. In vitro carbontetrachloride (1 microliter) induced hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation was completely normalized by kalmegh leaf extract (0.5 and 5.0 micrograms/mg protein) or andrographolide (0.5 and 5.0 micrograms/mg protein). At the higher concentration of carbontetrachloride (2 microliter), hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation remained significantly increased (25 %) in the presence of andrographolide (0.5 microgram/mg protein), but not in the presence of kalmegh extract (0.5 microgram/protein). These results suggest that kalmegh leaf extract has more protective action on carbontetrachloride-induced hepatic toxicity than its bitter principle, andrographolide.

Animals↗