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Age-dependent occurrence of autonomic dysfunction in chronic uraemia.

A battery of cardiovascular reflex tests were performed in twenty patients with chronic renal failure on intermittent haemodialysis. Using age-adjusted confidence limits, old-aged uraemics showed more extensive parasympathetic and sympathetic dysfunction than middle-aged patients. The results suggest that autonomic nervous system in the elderly is more susceptible to uraemic toxins than in the middle age. This should lead to better preventive and therapeutic strategies in older uraemics.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Occurrence of uraemic autonomic dysfunction in relation to age.

A battery of cardiovascular reflex tests were performed on 20 patients with chronic renal failure on intermittent haemodialysis, to assess occurrence of parasympathetic and sympathetic abnormalities. Using age-adjusted confidence limits, elderly uraemics showed more extensive parasympathetic and sympathetic dysfunction than middle-aged patients. The results suggest that the autonomic nervous system in the elderly is more susceptible to uraemic toxins than in the middle aged. This should lead to better preventive and therapeutic strategies for older uraemics.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Autonomic dysfunction in metabolic diseases].

Among many metabolic disorders, porphyrias and Fabry disease are known to affect autonomic nervous system. In patients with acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria, and variegate porphyria, autonomic symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, hypertension and tachycardia are among the most prominent clinical manifestations. Fabry disease is clinically characterized by severe limb pain, hypohidrosis, angiokeratomas and various autonomic symptoms. In both porphyrias and Fabry disease, pathological changes in the central and peripheral autonomic nervous system have been documented. In porphyrias, a loss of myelinated fibers, axonal degeneration, and segmental demyelination in peripheral autonomic nerves as well as chromatolysis of several brain stem nuclei have been found. In Fabry disease, abnormal amount of the substrates of alpha-galactosidase, i.e. ceramide di- and trihexoside, are found to be accumulated in the central and peripheral autonomic nerves.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1990

Cardiac autonomic dysfunction during sleep in some neurological diseases.

The most widely used tests for the investigation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) functioning measure the heart rate (HR) variations during wakefulness. Most tests have some limitations: they require patient collaboration and can be modified by his or her emotional status. We studied HR variability in relation to body movements during sleep in some neurological diseases. Our method seems to be better than the traditional tests in detecting early cardiac ANS damage, especially when the patient is non-co-operative for ANS evaluation during wakefulness after various stimuli.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Autonomic dysfunction in botulism B: a clinical report.

Nine cases of botulism B with preponderant effects upon cholinergic autonomic innervation are presented. Blurred vision and dry mouth were constant symptoms. Impairment of salivary and lacrimal secretion were detectable for months. In the absence of clinical signs, electromyographic studies did not reveal neuromuscular involvement. Administration of antitoxin in the late course of such cases is not recommended, but guanidine can be used. Doubt is cast upon a new clinical entity called "acute autonomic neuropathy."

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Autonomic dysfunction in long-standing alcoholism.

Twenty-eight male alcoholics were studied for peripheral sensory-motor and autonomic neuropathy. The patients were examined neurologically and neurophysiologically after a period of withdrawal treatment in hospital. The function tests of the autonomic nervous system performed were: measurement of the variation of the heart rate at rest and during maximal breathing, Valsalva manoeuvre, postural pulse and blood pressure reactions, and isometric test. Slight abnormalities in the peripheral nervous system were observed in 8 patients, but a frank clinical polyneuropathy supported by neurophysiological findings could be diagnosed only in 2. All of the parameters which reflect the function of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system were lower in the alcoholics compared with the controls. The most sensitive variables were the heart rate variation at rest, and the postural pulse reaction. The functions mediated by the sympathetic nervous system were not abnormal among this group of alcoholics.

Adult↗