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Results for “Behavior Therapy”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

Dialectical behavior therapy for bulimia nervosa.

OBJECTIVE: The effects of dialectical behavior therapy adapted for the treatment of binge/purge behaviors were examined. METHOD: Thirty-one women (averaging at least one binge/purge episode per week) were randomly assigned to 20 weeks of dialectical behavior therapy or 20 weeks of a waiting-list comparison condition. The manual-based dialectical behavior therapy focused on training in emotion regulation skills. RESULTS: An intent-to-treat analysis showed highly significant decreases in binge/purge behavior with dialectical behavior therapy compared to the waiting-list condition. No significant group differences were found on any of the secondary measures. CONCLUSIONS: The use of dialectical behavior therapy adapted for treatment of bulimia nervosa was associated with a promising decrease in binge/purge behaviors.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Training Mexican American mental health personnel in behavior therapy.

Fourteen Mexican American mental health workers were trained in basic behavior therapy principles and behavior contracting in 10 weekly, 2 hr sessions. A significant increase was found in knowledge of principles, and attitudes toward behavior therapy became more positive. In addition, clinical skill in doing a behavior analysis and formulating a behavior therapy plan also improved. A 6 month follow-up suggested continued application of training. Results and match of behavior therapy training to differing cultures are discussed.

Behavior Therapy↗

PubMed2005

Behavioral therapies for drug abuse.

The past three decades have been marked by tremendous progress in behavioral therapies for drug abuse and dependence, as well as advances in the conceptualization of approaches to development of behavioral therapies. Cognitive behavior therapy, contingency management, couples and family therapy, and a variety of other types of behavioral treatment have been shown to be potent interventions for several forms of drug addiction, and scientific progress has also been greatly facilitated by the articulation of a systematic approach to the development, evaluation, and dissemination of behavioral therapies. The authors review recent progress in strategies for the development of behavioral therapies for drug and alcohol abuse and dependence and discuss the range of effective behavioral therapies that are currently available.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Clinical practice of behavior therapy in speech treatment].

OBJECTIVE: To apply behavior therapy to treat patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency(VPI),with the aim of improving speech treatment. METHODS: 20 patients(10 male, 10 female,ranged from 4.0 to 38.4 years, mean age 17.8 years)with VPI were available for this study. Of 20 patients, 5 with congenital velopharyngeal insufficiency,10 with posterior pharyngeal flap,5 with palatoplasty. Behavior therapy was adopted in speech treatment. The quantitative measurement of Chinese speech intelligibility and blowing test was carried out before speech therapy and after speech therapy. RESULTS: The effect of behavior therapy in speech treatment was satisfied. Their Chinese speech intelligibility and blowing test after speech therapy were obviously better than before. CONCLUSION: The behavior therapy is a very effective method in speech in treatment, but it was important to select indications and treat individually.

English Abstract↗

PubMed1984

[Therapeutic indications of behavior therapy].

Since the last decade, behavior therapy techniques have been used for a variety of psychiatric problems. This paper summarizes the therapeutic indications where behavior therapy appears to be the treatment of choice as well as those where behavioral techniques can be an adjunct. Contra-indications are described and examples of different combinations of treatment are reported.

Behavior Therapy↗

PubMed2001

Basic principles for applying cognitive-behavioral therapy to anorexia nervosa.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy continues to be one of the recommended evidenced-based interventions in the treatment of eating disorders. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is clearly of benefit in anorexia and bulimia nervosa, can be learned in a reasonable time, and is guided by manuals on cognitive-behavioral therapy. This article looks at theoretic and clinical interventions in the treatment of anorexia nervosa and suggests strategies related to effective psychotherapeutic treatment that can be used across a continuum of care.

Anorexia Nervosa↗

PubMed1995

Behavior therapy in Russia.

The development of behavior therapy in Russia is discussed within the context of the evolution of Russian psychology. The pre-revolutionary contributions of Sechenov, Grot, Pavlov, and Bekhterev to the conceptual foundation of behaviorism in Russia are examined. This is followed by a discussion of the marked impact of social and political influences on the development of therapeutic methods from 1917 onward. Major milestones in the development of behavior therapy are examined. Finally, it is noted that the current period of openness provides an expanded opportunity to teach behavior therapy which has so far been limited to major Russian cities.

Behavior Therapy↗

PubMed1981

Behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy for obesity.

The effects of behavior therapy, pharmacotherapy, and their combination were compared in 120 women during six months of treatment of obesity and one year after treatment. Patients who received fenfluramine hydrochloride alone lost 14.5 kg, ad those who had combined pharmacotherapy and behavior therapy lost 15.3 kg; both losses were significantly greater than that of those who had behavior therapy alone (10.9 kg). A waiting-list control group gained 1.3 kg. One-year follow-up of all living patients who completed treatment showed a striking reversal in the relative efficacy of the treatments. Behavior-therapy patients regained significantly less than pharmacotherapy and combined-treatment patients. Accordingly, at follow-up, these groups did not differ significantly in weight loss. Thus, pharmacotherapy produced more rapid regaining of weight after treatment. Furthermore, adding pharmacotherapy to behavior therapy apparently compromised the long-term effects of the latter treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Behavior therapy: an overview.

The authors examine the broad field of behavior therapy, the theories underlying its development, and the techniques that are used to change behavior. They review recent developments in behavior therapy as they relate to behavioral medicine and to treatment of psychiatric disorders, and briefly describe the use of cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of depression and other problems. They discuss methods of behavioral assessment and the application of behavior therapy in large populations, as well as new uses of behavioral techniques in business and industry, gerontology, and marital therapy.

Aversive Therapy↗

PubMed1997

Pavlov's contributions to behavior therapy. The obvious and not so obvious.

The foundation, accomplishments, and proliferation of behavior therapy have been fueled largely by the movement's grounding in behavioral principles and theories. Ivan P. Pavlov's discovery of conditioning principles was essential to the founding of behavior therapy in the 1950s and continues to be central to modern behavior therapy. Pavlov's major legacy to behavior therapy was his discovery of "experimental neuroses", shown by his students M.N. Eroféeva and N.R. Shenger-Krestovnikova to be produced and eliminated through the principles of conditioning and counterconditioning. In this article, the Pavlovian origins of behavior therapy are assessed, and the relevance of conditioning principles to modern behavior therapy are analyzed. It is shown that Pavlovian conditioning represents far more than a systematic basic learning paradigm. It is also an essential theoretical foundation for the theory and practice of behavior therapy.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

Effects of a group rational-emotive behavior therapy program on the Type A behavior pattern.

A sample of 44 male Type A insurance representatives, selected by means of the Videotaped Structured Interview, were randomly assigned to a treatment (n = 22) and a delayed treatment control group (n = 22). The treatment group participated in 9 weekly sessions of group Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy and were followed up after 10 weeks. After the control period, the delayed treatment control group received the same treatment program. Repeated measurements were obtained by means of the Videotaped Structured Interview, Jenkins Activity Survey, Cook-Medley Hostility Scale, and Type A Cognitive Questionnaire. Self and spouse/friend ratings of Type A behavior were obtained by means of the Bortner Rating Scale. Analysis indicated that, compared to the control condition, the therapy significantly reduced the intensity of Type A behavior and its time urgency component. These improvements were maintained at follow-up and were accompanied by self-reports of significant positive changes in Type A behavior and irrational beliefs.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1989

Effects and limitations of cognitive behavior therapy in bulimia inpatients.

Cognitive behavior therapy was applied to 8 inpatients with bulimia (DSM-III). Improvement of bulimia was superior when compared to 6 bulimics treated with nonspecific psychotherapy. Social maladjustment was linked to the maintenance of bulimia. The effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy seemed to be impaired by co-morbidity and dysphoric mood. Therefore a more structured externally controlled behavioral hospital treatment program is recommended.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Cognitive behavior therapy for depression? Choose horses for courses.

OBJECTIVE: Although cognitive behavior therapy is a widely accepted treatment for depression, the problematic nature of efficacy studies is insufficiently recognized. METHOD: The authors reviewed original studies and quantitative analyses on the use of cognitive behavior therapy for depression. RESULTS: The authors suggested that claims for cognitive behavior therapy's efficacy on depression have been overstated, questioned whether its efficacy fits within its theoretical underpinning, and argued against viewing cognitive behavior therapy as a universal rather than a targeted strategy. CONCLUSIONS: Although cognitive behavior therapy may act more by its nonspecific therapeutic ingredients, the authors argued that by testing cognitive behavior therapy's efficacy in heterogeneous study groups, rather than in specific subgroups, failure to differentiate it from control therapies may have been ensured.

Antidepressive Agents↗

PubMed1976

[Attempt at scientific theoretical classification of behavior therapy].

Following the discussion about the position of behavior therapy there are mentioned some problems of behaviorism, the connection between behavior therapy and learning theory and problems of etiology and treatment. The usefulness of known criteria (formal as well as non-formal) should be demonstrated. There are discussed three different positions of behavior therapy within the scientific disciplines.

Behavior Therapy↗

PubMed1991

Cognitive processes and cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of problem drinking.

Cognitive behavior Therapy has been shown to be an effective therapy for a wide range of clinical problems. However, the efficacy of CBT on addictive behavior is still unknown. This paper reviews the evidence for the efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy treatment for problem drinkers and examines its relationship with cognitive models of problem drinking. A computer search of the literature showed that only 13 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this review. This review indicated that there is evidence to show that cognitive behavior therapy can be successfully applied to addictive behaviors, in particular, problem drinking. However, there is lack of evidence to show that cognitive behavior therapy supports cognitive models of problem drinking. Future direction for research in this area is suggested.

Alcoholism↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Role of behavioral therapy in the management of obesity.

Behavioral therapy for obesity that is, the application of learning theory to obesity treatment is now a standard component of weight-loss programs. The hallmark of behavioral therapy for obesity is self-monitoring of eating behavior, but techniques of stimulus control, self-reward, cognitive restructuring, nutrition education, and physical activity are also emphasized. Although behavioral treatment programs that incorporate lengthier and more intensive regimens are often successful in producing short-term weight loss, most patients have regained much or all of their lost weight at long-term follow-up. One approach to this problem has been to supplement behavioral treatment with other modalities such as very-low-calorie diets, surgical procedures, and medication. Whatever the initial treatment, obesity clearly must be approached as a chronic disorder that necessitates long-term intervention, and relapse prevention and weight maintenance strategies are crucial for long-term success. Another important development in behavioral treatment of obesity has been the attempt to identify subgroups of obese persons, such as those with uncontrolled binge eating, who might benefit from specific management approaches. Treatment programs for binge eating are strongly influenced by techniques developed for other types of eating disorders such as bulimia. Although use of only behavioral therapy is insufficient, it has an important adjunctive role for many patients particularly as we improve our abilities to tailor treatment to the individual subject and to promote long-term weight maintenance.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1988

Interactions of response patterns and their implications for behavior therapy.

Basic and clinical behavioral research reveals that actions of the organism frequently are organized to form concurrent and sequential response patterns. The former are nonrandom interrelationships among two or more responses that are measured over the same time period. Sequential response patterns are nonrandom relationships between responses when measured over time. This paper addresses some implications of response patterns for assessment and intervention in behavior therapy.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1989

The derailment of behavior therapy: a tale of conceptual misdirection.

Forty years ago it was shown that neuroses are persistent unadaptive anxiety response habits that can be systematically overcome by deconditioning procedures collectively known as behavior therapy. Indispensable to behavior therapy is behavior analysis--detailed and accurate specification of the antecedents of the individual's neurotic patterns. In recent years, the behavior therapy movement has been infiltrated by two alien orientations--"exposure therapy" and cognitivism--which repudiate conditioning theory and dispense with the characteristic behavior analysis. By claiming to be more effective, the alien approaches have induced widespread abandonment of the conditioning model. In fact, outcomes have not been improved by the alien methodologies, and in many cases have become worse. Also, no viable theory of change has been proposed in place of conditioning. The result is an amorphous eclecticism to which psychoanalysis and primal scream could readily be added. Some first steps are suggested towards restoring conditioning principles to their central role in the behavior therapy field.

Behavior Therapy↗