PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Biocompatible Materials”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis, material properties, and biocompatibility of a novel self-cross-linkable poly(caprolactone fumarate) as an injectable tissue engineering scaffold.

A novel self-cross-linkable and biodegradable macromer, poly(caprolactone fumarate) (PCLF), has been developed for guided bone regeneration. This macromer is a copolymer of fumaryl chloride, which contains double bonds for in-situ cross-linking, and poly(epsilon-caprolactone), which has a flexible chain to facilitate self-cross-linkability. PCLF was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. Porous scaffolds were fabricated with sodium chloride particles as the porogen and a chemical initiation system. The PCLF scaffolds were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and micro-computed-tomography. The cytotoxicity and in vivo biocompatibility of PCLF were also assessed. Our results suggest that this novel copolymer, PCLF, is an injectable, self-cross-linkable, and biocompatible macromer that may be potentially used as a scaffold for tissue engineering applications.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Plasma immersion ion implantation. A new method for homogeneous surface modification of complex forms of medical implants].

Plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) is a new method for the inexpensive rapid modification of the near-surface region of medical implants of complex shapes. PIII combines the advantages of conventional plasma and ion beam technologies. This article describes the physical basis of the procedure and the construction of a PIII system, and presents typical PIII parameters. In a number of examples, the use of the PIII to modify the surface of biocompatible materials (chrome-nickel stainless steel, titanium, titanium-aluminium-vanadium alloy) with the aim of reducing wear, increasing biocompatibility or improving adhesion, is described. Finally, the possibilities of combining PIII with other technologies are considered.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2004

A comparative histological evaluation of the biocompatibility of materials used in apical surgery.

AIM: To evaluate the biological properties of a variety of materials that could be used in apical surgery. METHODOLOGY: The intraosseous implant technique recommended by the FDI (1980) and ADA (1982) was used to test the following materials: zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and Z-100 light-cured composite resin. Thirty guinea-pigs, 10 for each material, divided into experimental periods of 4 and 12 weeks, received one implant on each side of the lower jaw symphysis. The connective tissue response alongside the lateral wall outside the cup served as a negative control for the technique. At the end of the observation periods, the animals were killed and the specimens prepared for routine histological examination to evaluate their biocompatibility. RESULTS: The reaction of the tissue to the materials diminished with time. The ZOE cement was highly toxic during the 4-week experimental period, but this profile changed significantly after 12 weeks, when it showed biocompatible characteristics. MTA and Z-100 showed biocompatibility in this test model at both time periods. CONCLUSIONS: MTA and Z-100 composite were biocompatible at 4 and 12 weeks in this experimental model.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed1999

[Applications of porous polymeric materials and its biocompatibility].

With the barrier materials, guided tissue regeneration materials and hybrid artificial organs as the representafive materials, the applications of polymer skeletal materials in biomedical fields are introduced in this paper. Based on the results of the induced carcinoma, collagenous encapsulation and chronic inflammation around implanted polymers, the effects of polymers topography on biocompatibility are discussed, and the importance of topographical compatibility of materials is emphasized.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2003

Tissue reactions after intraosseous implantation of three retrofilling materials.

Bone tissue reactions to EBA, IRM, and cyanoacrylate cement (Base Liner) were studied in the rat mandible using an intraosseous implant method. Osseous cavities (1.4 mm in diameter) were surgically created in the mandibles, and materials were implanted in 60 male Wistar rats. Each specimen was evaluated histologically after 4 and 8 weeks. The development of fibrous connective tissue in direct apposition to the material was observed in the EBA and IRM groups at 4 weeks. A slight degree of macrophage infiltration was seen in the EBA group. After the 8-week observation period, IRM and EBA were frequently separated from the bone cavity by a fibrous connective tissue layer (p < 0.01). The Base Liner appeared to be in direct apposition to the osseous tissue in several areas (p < 0.01). These findings indicate that Base Liner reacts favorably with osseous tissue, compared with the EBA and IRM materials tested and seems to be a biocompatible material.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Animal tests for biocompatibility of dental materials--relevance, advantages and limitations.

Biocompatibility refers to the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response, in a specific application. Usage tests have been developed specifically for the evaluation of the biocompatibility of dental materials. The pulp and dentine test, the pulpotomy test and the endodontic usage test are widely recognized. The relevance, advantages and limitations of these tests are discussed with particular reference to the pulp and dentine usage test. Controversies remain in the understanding of the role of several variables in determining the outcome of this test. These are highlighted by reference to the significance of the residual dentine thickness, the smear layer and microbial microleakage at the material-cavity wall interface. Limitations in the relevance of these animal models to man due to species variations in the structure and composition of the dental tissues and their oral environment may be more perceived than real. The nature of an appropriate host response may be different in the consideration of different dental materials, for example lining materials and filling materials, and there is a need for these criteria to be reviewed.

Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1982

A study of freeze-dried (lyophilized) dentin used as an apical barrier in adult monkey teeth.

Thirty-two fully formed vital teeth of four adult cynomolgus monkeys were endodontically prepared to simulate conditions of an open apex. The apical 2 to 5 mm. of 24 teeth were filled with freeze-dried dentin. The eight remaining teeth received no implant material and served as controls. All the teeth were obturated with gutta-percha. The monkeys were sacrificed at 6, 13, 23, and 27 week periods, and the specimens were prepared for histologic examination. The early specimens showed acute inflammation apically; later specimens showed osseous healing. Some experimental teeth had partial cementum bridging against the implant material. Freeze-dried dentin was found to be a biocompatible material which can be used effectively as a substitute barrier against which gutta-percha can be condensed in mechanically prepared open-apexed monkey teeth.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Complement activation produced by biomaterials.

The complement-activating potential of biomaterials may be defined by appropriate application of C3a and C5a anaphylatoxin radioimmunoassays. Studies performed with hemodialysis membranes demonstrate that blood contact with these model biomaterials results in complement activation that may be ascribed to specific properties of the material surface. Further delineation of these chemical and physical properties may permit design of biocompatible materials.

Anaphylatoxins↗
PubMed2002

[Corrosion rate measurements of biomedical TiNi shape memory alloy and cobalt alloys].

The corrosion rates of TiNi, CoCrNiW and CoCrNiMo were measured in Tyrode's solution with potentiodynamic linear polarization, fore-point weak polarization, Cao Chunan weak polarization, transient linear polarization and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results indicated that corrosion rates of these three alloys were very low due to their excellent corrosion resistance and the corrosion resistance of CoCrNiMo was the best. Corrosion rates of TiNi, CoCrNiW and CoCrNiMo were 0.691, 0.0595, 0.0490 micron/a and 0.0528, 0.0383, 0.0387 micron/a, respectively. The results measured by the first three methods were about ten times of those by the latter two methods, this was related to the applicability of each method and the alloy surface state. Transient linear polarization technique can determine low corrosion rate conveniently and quickly. Atomic absorption spectroscopy method, determining directly the concentration of ion in solution, and thus provide reference for material biocompatibility. And these two methods are properly used in measuring corrosion rates for biomedical materials.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2005

Calcium sulfate: a review.

Calcium sulfate has a long history of use in medicine and dentistry. It exists in two forms (alpha and beta), which differ greatly in physical properties. It has been used in bone regeneration as a graft material and graft binder/extender and as a barrier in guided tissue regeneration. It is an unusually biocompatible material and is completely resorbed following implantation. It does not evoke a significant host response and creates a calcium-rich milieu in the area of implantation. These calcium ions may provide some stimulation to osteoblasts, which may account for some of the positive results reported with the material. Calcium sulfate can be used as a delivery vehicle for growth factors and antibiotics, although this application has not been thoroughly exploited in the clinical setting. It has been shown that tissue will often migrate over calcium sulfate if primary closure cannot be obtained, which provides further evidence of its biocompatibility. The raw material from which calcium sulfate is made is relatively inexpensive and abundant. Despite these advantages, calcium sulfate has never attracted the same degree of research interest as have other biomaterials. Recently, however, it has enjoyed a resurgence of sorts in the areas of periodontology, sinus augmentation, and orthopedic surgery. Future research must be directed toward improving handling characteristics and strength, while preserving the biocompatibility of the material.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Complement activation by hydroxyethylmethacrylate-ethylmethacrylate copolymers.

Certain biomaterials, including nylon oxygenator and cellulosic dialysis membranes, are potent activators of human complement. In this study, the effect of polymers containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) on the human complement system was investigated. Copolymers of HEMA with ethylmethacrylate (EMA) varying from 100 to 40% HEMA in the monomer made by radiation initiation were used to coat glass discs. These were equilibrated with human plasma in vitro and the degree of complement activation was quantitated by C3a radio immunoassay. Significant activation was caused by copolymers made from monomers containing 60% or greater HEMA. A direct relationship between the amount of activation and the percentage of HEMA was found. The degree of activation by poly HEMA, when corrected for surface area, was quite similar to that observed for dialysis and oxygenator membranes. Similar observations were made when solid casts of crosslinked HEMA/N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) copolymer gels were tested, but the magnitude of activation was much greater. The results are significant because complement activation may play an important role in the response to foreign surfaces, in both extravascular and intravascular settings. A new concept of molecular biocompatibility is proposed in which surfaces eliciting molecular transformations in any of the biological defense systems are deemed nonbiocompatible. By this criterion, the hydrogel poly-HEMA, which has so frequently been thought of as biocompatible, is considered to be a molecularly non-biocompatible material.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1988

Activation of the complement system at the interface between blood and artificial surfaces.

The interaction between blood and the artificial devices used in haemodialysis results in the activation of the immune system. Complement activation is known to play a key role in the production of inflammatory mediators. This article describes the complement system and the way in which it is triggered in the patient undergoing haemodialysis. It highlights those factors thought to be of particular importance in the pathogenesis of adverse reactions and targets them as obstacles to be overcome in the future design of biocompatible materials.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2006

Cell electrospinning: a unique biotechnique for encapsulating living organisms for generating active biological microthreads/scaffolds.

Jet-based technologies are increasingly being explored as potential high-throughput and high-resolution methods for the manipulation of biological materials. Previously shown to be of use in generating scaffolds from biocompatible materials, we were interested to explore the possibility of using electrospinning technology for the generation of scaffolds comprised of living cells. For this, it was necessary to identify appropriate parameters under which viable threads containing living cells could be produced. Here, we describe a method of electrospinning that can be used to deposit active biological threads and scaffolds. This has been achieved by use of a coaxial needle arrangement where a concentrated living biosuspension flows through the inner needle and a medical-grade poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) medium with high viscosity (12,500 mPa s) and low electrical conductivity (10-15 S m-1) flows through the outer needle. Using this technique, we have identified the operational conditions under which the finest cell-bearing composite microthreads are formed. Collected cells that have been cultured, postelectrospinning, have been viable and show no evidence of having incurred any cellular damage during the bionanofabrication process. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using coaxial electrospinning technology for biological and biomedical applications requiring the deposition of living cells as composite microthreads for forming active biological scaffolds.

Animals↗