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PubMed1984

Internal carotid artery thrombosis following soft palate injuries: a case report and review of 16 cases.

Sixteen cases with soft palate lacerations and neurologic sequelae secondary to internal carotid artery injury are presented and reviewed. In all 16 cases, it is probable that blunt trauma to the internal carotid artery produced an intimal tear causing an intraluminal thrombus to form. Within 48 hours of injury all patients demonstrated varying degrees of neurologic deficit with 5 deaths. This article recommends the following treatment protocol for these cases: 1. admission for 48 hours observation; 2. early ultrasound or angiography at first sign of neurologic changes; 3. immediate anticoagulation if internal carotid artery occlusion is discovered; 4. surgery is usually inappropriate as the thrombus presents in the inaccessible skull base or may embolize during attempted removal. The present case represents the result of this formulated treatment protocol.

Accidents↗
PubMed2005

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis complicated by internal carotid artery thrombosis in a pediatric patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a case report and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: To illustrate that rapid diagnosis and aggressive treatment of rhinocerebral mucormycosis with internal carotid artery occlusion in a pediatric patient can prevent mortality and significant morbidity. RESEARCH DESIGNS AND METHODS: Rhinocerebral mucormycosis infrequently occurs in the pediatric population, and when it involves thrombosis of an internal carotid artery, it has been almost uniformly fatal. We present an 8-yr-old girl with type 1 diabetes mellitus who has survived such an infection for 2 yr, and who has minimal residual morbidity. We believe she is the youngest patient to survive rhinocerebral mucormycosis complicated by internal carotid artery and cavernous sinus thromboses. She has survived with an intensive regimen including aggressive surgical debridement, amphotericin B, rigorous glucose control, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, interferon-gamma, posaconazole (an experimental antifungal), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. CONCLUSIONS: This article illustrates the importance of prompt recognition and aggressive treatment of fungal infection in patients with diabetes. Additionally, it emphasizes that such treatment can have an excellent outcome, and mortality and significant morbidity can be avoided. Finally, we provide a review of the literature regarding mucormycosis infections and treatment options.

Carotid Artery Thrombosis↗
PubMed1981

[Traumatic carotid artery thrombosis in the area of the base of the skull. 2 case reports].

The authors describe two cases with a carotid thrombosis at the level of the skull base. The clinical course and the pathogenesis are discussed with reference to 15 similar cases in the literature. It is considered that a direct injury to the vessel wall is the cause of the carotid thrombosis. To assist in the diagnosis angiography should be undertaken as early as possible. A good collateral supply is the prerequisite for a favourable result.

Accidents, Traffic↗