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Results for “Ciliary Body”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed2005

Ciliary body edema after scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: Choroidal detachment and anterior chamber (AC) shallowing develop in some cases after scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD). Postoperative angle-closure glaucoma has been reported to occur in 4% of cases. It is supposed that compression by the local scleral buckling induces ciliary body edema and angle narrowing. This study aimed to evaluate quantitatively the time course of changes in ciliary body thickness and AC depth (ACD) before and after the scleral buckling procedure using ultrasound biomicroscopy. DESIGN: Prospective consecutive case series. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-six eyes of 44 patients (43.7+/-18.1 years old [mean +/- standard deviation]) undergoing rhegmatogenous RD surgery. METHODS: Ciliary body thickness and ACD were measured before and 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after the procedure. Ultrasound biomicroscopy was used to evaluate ACD and ciliary body thickness. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Time course of changes in ciliary body thickness and ACD. RESULTS: The surgery caused significant increases in ciliary body thickness at 3, 7, and 14 days postoperatively (P<0.0001, Bonferroni multiple comparison). Ciliary body edema reached its peak 3 days after surgery, followed by a gradual decrease thereafter. Ciliary body thickness in the encircling group was statistically greater than in the segmental buckling group at 3 and 7 days postoperatively (P<0.001, Student's t test). The ciliary body was significantly thicker in the direction of buckling than on the opposite side 3 days after surgery (P = 0.0079). In the encircling group, retinal reattachment surgery significantly decreased ACD 3 days after surgery (P = 0.018), whereas no significant fluctuations were found in the buckling group. CONCLUSIONS: Even without apparent choroidal detachment and a shallow AC, subclinical ciliary edema existed in all directions of all eyes for at least 1 month after the scleral buckling procedure. The ciliary body in the direction of scleral buckling showed greater edema than the other areas. Eyes treated with the encircling band showed greater ciliary edema than those treated with segmental buckling alone.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Adenoma of the ciliary body pigment epithelium: the 1998 Albert Ruedemann, Sr, memorial lecture, Part 1.

BACKGROUND: Adenoma of the pigment epithelium of the ciliary body (CPE) is a rare neoplasm. Most reported cases have been misdiagnosed as ciliary body melanoma. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate clinical features, management, pathological features, and prognosis of adenoma of the CPE and to determine clinical features that may differentiate it from ciliary body melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of medical charts, photographs, and pathological features of patients with adenoma of the CPE who were treated by the authors. RESULTS: Of the 8 patients with adenoma of the CPE, 3 were male and 5 were female. Seven were white, and 1 was Asian. The mean age at diagnosis was 51 years (range, 8-73 years). The referring diagnosis was ciliary body melanoma in 7 patients and cyst in 1 patient. The lesions were all solitary and unilateral and ranged from 3 x 3 x 3 to 13 x 13 x 8 mm. Clinically, all tumors were gray to black, had abruptly elevated margins, and were dome shaped. Associated findings included secondary cataract (6 patients) and vitreous hemorrhage (1 patient). Results of ancillary studies such as transillumination, fluorescein angiography, and ultrasonography showed patterns that were helpful in differentiation from ciliary body melanoma. Fine needle aspiration biopsy, performed in 3 patients, was an accurate diagnostic adjunct. Microscopic diagnosis was adenoma of the CPE in 7 cases in which tissue was available. A consistent histopathologic feature was the presence of typical clear vacuoles within the tumor. One tumor invaded the sensory retina. Results of immunohistochemical studies were consistent with a tumor of neuroectodermal origin. CONCLUSIONS: Adenoma of the CPE has characteristic features that may help differentiate it from ciliary body melanoma. In contrast to melanoma, it is generally darker and its margins are more abruptly elevated. Although it is benign cytologically, it can exhibit growth. If the diagnosis is suspected, removal of the tumor by local resection is advisable.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1997

Papillary adenocarcinoma of the ciliary body simulating retinoblastoma.

PURPOSE: To report a 2 1/2-year-old boy who had papillary adenocarcinoma of the ciliary body that simulated retinoblastoma. METHOD: Initially treated for congenital glaucoma, the patient was referred with a white mass involving the iris, chamber angle, and ciliary body. RESULTS: Enucleation of the right eye, which was initially diagnosed as retinoblastoma, showed a papillary adenocarcinoma of the ciliary body epithelium involving the posterior chamber, iris, anterior chamber, and trabeculum. CONCLUSION: Adenocarcinoma of the ciliary body must be included in the differential diagnosis of tumors originating from the ciliary body in young children.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗

PubMed2006

Investigating the effect of ciliary body photodynamic therapy in a glaucoma mouse model.

PURPOSE: To investigate the morphologic and functional effects of verteporfin ciliary body photodynamic therapy (PDT) in a murine glaucoma model and normal mouse eyes. METHODS: A glaucomatous mouse strain, DBA/2J and a normal control mouse strain (C57BL/6) were used in the study. Verteporfin was injected intravenously at doses of 1.0 (DBA/2J) or 2.0 or 4.0 (C57BL/6) mg/kg. Transscleral irradiation of the ciliary body was performed with light at a wavelength of 689 nm delivered through an optical fiber, with irradiance of 1800 mW/cm2 and fluence of 100 J/cm2. Laser irradiation was applied for 360 degrees of the corneoscleral limbus in C57BL/6 normal mice and for 180 degrees in DBA/2J mice. Retreatment was performed in C57BL/6 normal mice that had been treated with 2.0 mg/kg of verteporfin at post-PDT day 7. One eye of each animal was treated, and the fellow eye served as the control. The morphologic effect of PDT on the ocular structures was assessed by light and electron microscopy. The IOP was measured using an applanation tonometer with a fiber-optic pressure sensor. Surviving retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in DBA/2J mice eyes were retrogradely labeled with a neurotracer dye at 12 weeks after PDT. RESULTS: In all groups, almost all ciliary body blood vessels in the treated area were thrombosed 1 day after PDT. In DBA/2J mice, ciliary epithelium and stroma were severely damaged 1 day after PDT. The mean IOP in treated eyes was significantly reduced compared with that in the control eyes in all groups. The reduction of mean IOP in DBA/2J mouse eyes persisted for 7 weeks, although the mean IOP in normal mouse eyes treated with 2 or 4.0 mg/kg verteporfin returned to the level of the fellow control eyes by 7 and 17 days after treatment, respectively. The mean number of RGCs in the DBA/2J treated eyes was significantly higher than in control eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Ciliary body PDT resulted in morphologic changes in the ciliary body, significant reduction of IOP, and prevention of ganglion cell loss in a mouse glaucoma model. These results suggest that ciliary body PDT is a more selective cyclodestructive technique with potential clinical application in the treatment of glaucoma.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Increased concentration of glucocorticoid receptors in rabbit iris--ciliary body compared to rabbit liver.

Dexamethasone binding to both rabbit iris-ciliary body and rabbit liver glucocorticoid receptors was compared by means of a batch assay in which the binding components were adsorbed to hydroxylapatite. The results showed that homogenates of both the rabbit iris-ciliary body and the rabbit liver contained a single class of high-affinity receptors. Binding affinity was virtually identical for the two receptors. A comparison of total binding sites in homogenates of the iris-ciliary body and the liver revealed that the iris-ciliary body glucocorticoid receptor was present in nearly twice the concentration of the hepatic receptor.

Adsorption↗

PubMed2002

Frequency of ciliary body or retinal breaks and retinal detachment in eyes with atopic cataract.

AIM: To determine the frequency of ciliary body or retinal breaks and retinal detachment in eyes with atopic cataract. METHODS: The records of 106 eyes (74 patients) with atopic cataract that underwent cataract extraction were reviewed. The frequency of ciliary body or retinal breaks and retinal detachment was classified by their presence preoperatively and postoperatively, and by cataract type. RESULTS: Breaks were detected preoperatively in 27 eyes (25.5%) of 17 patients in the ciliary body (20 eyes, 18.9%), near the ora serrata (five eyes, 4.7%), and in undefined locations (two eyes, 1.9%). Among these, 16 eyes (15.1%) had already developed retinal detachment. After surgery, a ciliary body break occurred in one eye (0.9%) and retinal detachment in four eyes (3.8%) of three patients. The breaks that caused postoperative retinal detachment were in the ciliary body. When classified by cataract type, the highest frequency of breaks was associated with mature cataracts (35.0%), and all eyes with breaks developed retinal detachment. CONCLUSIONS: One fourth of eyes with atopic cataract had breaks in the ciliary body or ora serrata, or retinal detachment preoperatively. The highest frequency of either breaks or retinal detachment was associated with mature cataract. The frequency of breaks or detachment that occurred postoperatively (approximately 5%) was lower than that present preoperatively.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Block resection with scleral flap rotation in ciliary body melanoma].

The aim was to present a case of ciliary body melanoma treated with block resection and scleral flap rotation. 49-year old woman with ciliary body melanoma and extrascleral extension appeared in our clinic. Block resection of ciliary body melanoma and scleral flap rotation was performed and additional ruthenium brachytherapy was applied. There was no complications during surgery and follow-up. Described method can be recommended for openings in the sclera, which need emergency surgery.

Ciliary Body↗

PubMed2003

BetaB1-crystallin: identification of a candidate ciliary body uveitis antigen.

PURPOSE: Perineuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA), a marker antibody present in 12% of patients with anterior uveitis, recognizes cytoplasmic antigens in the nonpigmented ciliary body epithelium, a probable site of immunologic reactivity in this inflammatory disease. In this study, a recombinantly isolated pANCA monoclonal antibody was used to identify the corresponding antigenic target(s) in the ciliary body. METHODS: Proteins from microdissected eye bank ocular ciliary body tissue were used to identify the corresponding ANCA antigen. Parallel two-dimensional protein gels were used for simultaneous identification of candidate antigenic protein spots by Western blot analysis and as a source of material for proteomic analysis. Multiple independent methods including Western blot analysis, confocal microscopy, and RT-PCR were used to provide additional characterization of the candidate protein. RESULTS: Proteomic analysis suggested that beta B1 (betaB1)-crystallin is the primary ciliary body antigen. The presence of betaB1-crystallin in the human ciliary body was confirmed by Western blot with a betaB1 specific anti-peptide antibody. Confocal microscopy revealed colocalization of the antigenic reactivity of both anti-betaB1 antibody and monoclonal pANCA. RT-PCR confirmed the presence of betaB1-crystallin RNA in the ciliary body tissues. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified betaB1-crystallin as a new cytoplasmic ciliary body antigenic target of a marker autoantibody associated with uveitis. This characterization of betaB1-crystallin outside the lens raises questions about its extralenticular expression, intracellular role, and potential target of inflammation in uveitis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2000

Ultrasound biomicroscopic analysis of the human ciliary body after 1 and 2% pilocarpine instillation.

We examined ciliary body thickness (CBT) of 11 human eyes after 1% followed by 2% pilocarpine instillation using ultrasound biomicroscopy. The examination revealed that CBT decreased in 2 eyes after 1% pilocarpine treatment but increased after 2% pilocarpine. In the eyes with decreased CBT by 1% pilocarpine, the pretreatment ciliary bodies were thicker and the changing rate of CBT induced by 2% pilocarpine, although not decreased, was also smaller than that in CBT-increased eyes. These findings showed that the ciliary body was under relatively strong stimulus of endogenous acetylcholine and has subsensitivity to both 1 and 2% pilocarpine in CBT-decreased eyes. Configurative changes in CBT-decreased eyes may be explained by the localization of different muscarinic receptor subtypes in different portions of the ciliary muscle.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Irradiation of the rabbit ciliary body by an accelerated proton beam].

Rabbit ciliary body has been irradiated by accelerated proton beam. 24 animals have received on 20 and 40% of the total surface of ciliary body 45 and 60 Gy. We could confirm the very good precision of proton beam irradiation. No complication was noticed on slit lamp examination. The light microscope examination revealed haemorrhages, lymphocytes, plasma cells and histiocytes infiltration, late fibrosis and severe capillary alterations. The electron microscope examination showed a frank difference of radiosensitivity of the epithelial layers and a presumed partial rupture of the blood-aqueous barrier.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Angle-closure glaucoma associated with occult annular ciliary body detachment.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of annular ciliary body detachment in the development of postoperative angle-closure glaucoma. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: Tertiary care glaucoma referral center. METHODS: High-resolution, anterior segment ultrasound biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, and B-scan ultrasonography were performed on 6 eyes of 6 patients with a clinical diagnosis of postoperative malignant glaucoma. RESULTS: Each eye had an elevated intraocular pressure, a shallow anterior chamber, 1 or more patent iridectomies, and no ophthalmoscopic or B-scan ultrasound evidence of serous or hemorrhagic ciliochoroidal detachment. Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed annular ciliary body detachment in each eye. In 4 eyes, observation with topical medical treatment was associated with deepening of the anterior chamber, reduced intraocular pressure, and resolution of the detachment. Drainage of the supraciliary fluid was performed in 2 eyes. CONCLUSION: Occult, annular, serous detachment of the ciliary body may cause postoperative angle-closure glaucoma. This entity is clinically indistinguishable from malignant glaucoma. Ultrasound biomicroscopy facilitates the diagnosis.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasound biomicroscopic findings of ciliary body malignant melanoma.

BACKGROUND: Malignant melanoma of the uveal tract occurs rarely in Asian populations, and melanoma of the ciliary body is extremely rare. We treated an Asian man with uveal melanoma, relying on ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) findings for diagnosis and evaluation of the tumor. CASE. A 65-year-old man with uveal melanoma was examined by slit-lamp microscopy, UBM, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histopathological examinations were performed as well. OBSERVATIONS: Slit-lamp examination and MRI gave rough images of the tumor, but the exact origin and margin of the mass could not be determined. UBM clearly characterized the tumor as a medium echoic solid mass with acoustic hollowing attached to the ciliary body by a thin stem. Ciliary body detachment at the pars plicata was also found by UBM. Histopathological examination confirmed that the tumor was an epithelioid cell malignant melanoma of the ciliary body. CONCLUSIONS: UBM is useful in detecting, diagnosing, and evaluating a malignant melanoma of the ciliary body.

Aged↗

PubMed1984

Antiglaucomatous ciliary body excision.

Between 1974 and 1984, we performed 106 ciliary body excisions in a total of 90 eyes. Of the 85 eyes for which at least six months of follow-up data were available, 72 had secondary partial angle-closure glaucoma with aphakia, ten had secondary partial angle-closure glaucoma without aphakia, and three had secondary open-angle glaucoma. Forty-eight eyes had undergone three or more (in some cases as many as nine) previous antiglaucomatous procedures before ciliary body excision and 27 had undergone one or two previous procedures. Preoperative intraocular pressures ranged from 35 to 60 mm Hg. After six months, intraocular pressure was 19 mm Hg or less in 60 eyes with no other treatment, although ten eyes required a second excision. Another five eyes had intraocular pressures of 19 mm Hg or less with medical therapy (one reoperation) and seven had intraocular pressures of 22 mm Hg or less without medical therapy (one reoperation). Ciliary body excision failed in 13 eyes. Four of these had persistent hypotony (intraocular pressures of less than 4 mm Hg) and nine had intraocular pressures above 40 mm Hg. Reasons for failure included rubeosis iridis (seven eyes), an overlarge excision (three eyes), and expulsive hemorrhage, siderosis bulbi, and Lowe's syndrome (one eye each). Postoperative visual acuity was unchanged in 45 eyes, somewhat improved in 15, and worse in 21.

Ciliary Body↗

PubMed1991

[Cysts and Fuchs' endothelial adenomas of the pars plicata corporis ciliaris--degeneration products as an expression of various ciliary body functions?].

The pars plicata of the ciliary body of 24 eyes was investigated by light microscopy in frontal serial slides. All eyes were normal macroscopically and all anterior segments revealed no signs of inflammation or tumor microscopically. A typical Fuchs' adenoma was found in three cases (12.5%). Cysts of the ciliary epithelium had a 75% frequency (18/24 eyes). Cyst formation occurred most often within the unpigmented epithelium and between the ciliary processes. It may start before birth. A higher frequency of ciliary epithelial cysts in elder patients could not be verified. Pathogenesis of cystic lesions of the pars ciliaris retinae is discussed. To our opinion Fuchs adenomas and the frequent ciliary epithelial cysts of the pars plicata are end-stage degenerative products due to the secretory and accommodative activities of the ciliary body.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1997

Cavitation in ciliary body melanoma.

PURPOSE: To report a case of a cystic ciliary body melanoma that appeared clinically as a solid mass. METHODS: A 59-year-old woman underwent an iridocyclectomy for removal of a ciliary body melanoma in the right eye. The tumor was analyzed histopathologically for acid mucopolysaccharide production. RESULTS: Histopathology identified a ciliary body melanoma with cystic cavities. Contents of the cystic spaces did not stain with alcian blue. Histologic findings suggested exudation, cavitary necrosis, or both rather than acid mucopolysaccharide production as pathogenic factors for cyst formation. CONCLUSION: Cystic cavities can develop in a solid, malignant tumor and therefore should not be considered signs of a benign lesion.

Ciliary Body↗

PubMed1982

[Necrosis of iris and ciliary body--a histopathological study].

Necrotic foci within the iris and ciliary body were present in 104 eyes examined at the histopathological laboratory of the University Eye Clinic, Hamburg. Three different aetiological mechanisms were found: 1) Vascular acute glaucoma, diminished arterial supply, or radiogenic occlusive vasculitis can lead to ischaemic infarction. 2) Inflammatory: direct contact with the noxious agent can lead to cell death, either via liberation of toxines and enzymes--usually bacterial--or due to direct cytotoxic effect, in case of viruses. Both can further cause cell death via immunological mechanisms. Intraocular suppurative bacterial infections predominate in this group. 3) Traumatic and operative: tissue damage is caused by mechanical or thermal injury. Besides accidental trauma, uveal necrosis also occurs frequently after surgical coagulation or dialysis of the ciliary body for glaucoma. The sequelae of iris and ciliary body necrosis depend on the extent of the damage. Small necrotic areas are followed by scarring, which has no injurious consequences on visual function. Widespread necrosis, on the other hand, is complicated by immediate atrophia bulbi or secondary angle-closure glaucoma with or without rubeosis iridis.

Ciliary Body↗

PubMed1991

Ultracytochemical localization of the erythrocyte/HepG2-type glucose transporter (GLUT1) in the ciliary body and iris of the rat eye.

Aqueous humor, with its unique low concentration of proteins, is produced by the ciliary body and isolated by the blood-aqueous barrier from the body fluid. Glucose in aqueous humor is a major source of nutrients for lens and corneal cells, and is maintained near the plasma level, suggesting a specific glucose transport mechanism in the blood-aqueous barrier. Using antibodies against erythrocyte/HepG2-type glucose transporter (GLUT1), one isoform of the facilitated diffusion glucose transporters, the authors found immunocytochemically that GLUT1 localizes in the epithelial cells of ciliary body and iris. GLUT1 is also found in the endothelial cells of blood vessels in the iris, whereas no labeling is seen in the blood vessels in the ciliary body. In the ciliary body epithelium, the plasma membranes of both the pigmented epithelial (PE) and nonpigmented epithelial (NPE) cells are positive for GLUT1. By the colloidal gold particle counting, the basal infoldings of PE cells show approximately two-fold denser labeling than those of NPE cells. Since PE and NPE cells make up a functional syncytium with numerous gap junctions, the authors suggest that glucose transport in the ciliary body occurs in this manner: glucose diffuses out from blood vessels through the pores of fenestrated endothelial cells, is transported into PE cells by GLUT1 in their plasma membrane, enters NPE cells through gap junctions connecting PE and NPE cells, and is finally transported into the aqueous humor by GLUT1 of NPE cells. The higher density of GLUT1 in PE cells may account for the consumption of glucose by PE and NPE cells in addition to the transepithelial transport.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A new method of duplex ultrasonic examination of the state of blood supply to the ciliary body].

Duplex ultrasonic scanning was used to examine blood supply to the ciliary body. The study helped quantitatively assess the ciliary body hemodynamics. The hemodynamic parameters in diseases of the anterior segment of the eye (cataracts, glaucoma, corneal dystrophy, etc.) significantly differed from the norm: pulsative index 2.32 vs. the normal value of 1.57, systolic/diastolic ratio 7.29 vs. 6.23, the peak systolic rate 12.59 cm/sec vs. 34.36 cm/sec, maximal rate 6.56 cm/sec vs. 14.36 cm/sec, mean rate 4.0 cm/sec vs. 8.76 cm/ces, volumic rate 1.47 ml/min vs. 3.66 ml/min. The examinations helped detect early disorders in the blood supply to the ciliary body. New ultrasonic equipment: Quantascope (Vital Science, England) and DRF-1000 (Piasonics, USA) was used, that proved highly informative and reliable.

Adolescent↗