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PubMed1992

Detection of colour vision abnormalities in uncomplicated type 1 diabetic patients with angiographically normal retinas.

Colour vision function was assessed in 38 non-complicated type 1 diabetic patients in whom fluorescein angiography was normal, and was compared with that in 36 age-matched, non-diabetic controls. All of the patients were healthy and none were taking medication except insulin. The eye examination, which was normal in every patient, included the Ishihara and City University tests, measurement of Snellen acuity, slit-lamp examination, tonometry, and fundal photography as well as fluorescein angiography. Colour discrimination ability was measured with the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test. Mean (SE) 100-hue test error score for the diabetic group was 86.8 (8.1) compared with 28.2 (3.3) for controls, p<<0.001. There was no relation between colour vision abnormalities and diabetes duration (r = 0, p>0.05), blood glucose at the time the colour tests were performed (r = 0.4, p > 0.05), most recent glycated haemoglobin result (r = 0.3, p>0.05), or the mean of all previous glycated haemoglobin results (r = 0, p>0.05). It is concluded that colour discrimination may be abnormal in uncomplicated type 1 diabetic patients before the onset of retinopathy, and that colour discrimination losses in diabetes may not be of vascular aetiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Note on color preference and color vision test performance.

The incidence of color deficient vision was investigated using the Pseudo-Isochromatic Plates on a relatively large and representative group. In the sample of 112 adults aged 20 to 80 yr. and comprised of 53% women and 12% minorities, 8% of men and 3% of women were color deficient. Over-all performance indicated no effects for sex or race. Nearly half of the plates were nondiscriminating among sex, minority/majority, and "normal" and "defective" color vision groups. Named color preferences within the "normal" group strongly favored blues and reflected no sex differences.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Color vision in diabetic school children.

The color vision of 64 diabetic school children was studied. Acquired color vision defects due to diabetes could not be found in any of the children. Two of the children had a congenital red-green color vision defect. In the examination, three different pseudoisochromatic plate tests (Isihara, Standard Pseudoisochromatic Plates part 2, and Lanthony Tritan Album) were used as well as the Nagel anomaloscope and three different cap arrangement tests (Panel D 15, Lanthony Desaturated Panel, and Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue). The plate tests and the anomaloscope examination were fast, reliable, and well accepted by the children. The cap arrangement tests took more time, and many of the children neither liked nor properly performed these tests. Twelve color dependent glucose strip tests for diabetes care at home were also studied. A few of the youngest school children made mistakes in interpreting the colors of these strips, although their color vision was normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Anomaloscopic results in extrem-anomalous trichromats (author's transl)].

The results in 55 extreme deuteran and 34 extreme protan trichromats examined with the anomaloscope are reported, which make together about 9% of all red-green vision disturbances in a group of Federal Army relatives. Not only the deuteran but also the protan group make fewer mistakes with red colours as with green.

Color Perception↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The examination of color vision using a 2 metameric equation method].

Modern anomaloscopes with four independent light channels (i.e. Besançon-Anomalometer which was presented in 1979 at the SFO Congress) allow accurate examinations of color vision. In our routine clinical examination, we use two metameric equations: the red-green Rayleigh equation and the blue-green Moreland equation. This so called Two-Equation-Method enables the diagnosis of congenital and acquired color vision defects in a precise qualitative as well as quantitative way. For both equations the goal of the examination is to measure the absolute matching range. Abnormal color vision is diagnosed if the absolute matching range is shifted and/or enlarged in one or both of the two metameric equations. In congenital colour vision deficiencies, the results are similar to those obtained with the Nagel anomaloscop. The different types of acquired defects are compared with the types of Verriest's classification. A computer controlled clinical examination of color vision, which will make the procedure simplier and shorter for the patient is actually being developed.

Color Perception↗