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Results for “DEPILATORIES”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

An in vitro model for the study of human hair growth.

Human anagen hair follicles were isolated by microdissection from human scalp skin. Isolation of the hair follicles was achieved by cutting the follicle at the dermosubcutaneous fat interface using a scalpel blade. Intact hair follicles were then removed from the fat using watch makers' forceps. Isolated hair follicles maintained free floating in supplemented Williams E medium in individual wells of 24-well multiwell plates showed a significant increase in length over 4 days. The increase in length was seen to be attributed to the production of a keratinized hair shaft, and was not associated with the loss of hair follicle morphology. [Methyl-3H]thymidine autoradiography confirmed that in vitro the in vivo pattern of DNA synthesis was maintained; furthermore, [35S]methionine labeling of keratins showed that their patterns of synthesis did not change with maintenance. Serum was found to inhibit hair follicle growth in vitro; and when follicles were maintained in serum-free medium, they grew for up to 10 days, suggesting that in vitro the hair follicles are able to regulate their own growth, possibly by the production of relevant growth factors. This may prove useful in identifying the autocrine/paracrine mechanisms that operate in the hair follicle. The importance of this model to hair follicle biology is further demonstrated by the observations that TGF-beta 1 has a negative growth regulatory effect on hair follicles in vitro and that EGF and its other receptor ligand TGF-alpha mimic the in vivo depilatory effects of EGF that have been reported for sheep and mice.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed1983

Hair regrowth after cancer therapy.

Florid scalp hair regrowth following the depilatory effects of both whole cranial radiotherapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy is described in a patient who simultaneously exhibited acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa in the head and neck region. The regrowth of more youthful and more senile scalp hair following cranial radiotherapy are exemplified in two further case reports.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Guidance for the management of hirsutism.

Approximately 80% of women are affected by the presence of excessive hair growth in a 'male-like' pattern. Excessive facial hair in particular can be a source of distress to such women and can lead to psychological problems such as anxiety, depression and a reduced quality of life.Current cosmetic methods of hair removal include shaving, depilatories, waxing, plucking, laser, intense pulsed light (IPL) and electrolysis.A topical treatment cream such as eflornithine 11.5% can slow hair growth and thus reduce the frequency of the need for hair removal. This treatment can be used effectively in conjunction with hair removal methods.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1990

Human hair growth in vitro.

We report for the first time the successful maintenance and growth of human hair follicles in vitro. Human anagen hair follicles were isolated by microdissection from human scalp skin. Isolation of the hair follicles was achieved by cutting the follicle at the dermo-subcutaneous fat interface using a scalpel blade. Intact hair follicles were then removed from the fat using watchmakers' forceps. Isolated hair follicles maintained free-floating in supplemented Williams E medium in individual wells of 24-well multiwell plates showed a significant increase in length over 4 days. The increase in length was seen to be attributed to the production of a keratinised hair shaft, and was not associated with the loss of hair follicle morphology. [methyl-3H]thymidine autoradiography confirmed that in vitro the in vivo pattern of DNA synthesis was maintained; furthermore, [35S]methionine labelling of keratins showed that their patterns of synthesis did not change with maintenance. The importance of this model to hair follicle biology is further demonstrated by the observations that TGF-beta 1 has a negative growth-regulatory effect on hair follicles in vitro and that EGF mimics the in vivo depilatory effects that have been reported in sheep and mice.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed1980

Effect of phorbol ester application and other mitogenic treatments on 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity in mouse epidermis in vivo.

The effects of phorbol ester application and of other mitogenic treatments on the activity of 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase were investigated in dorsal mouse epidermis in vivo. Local treatment with either the weak tumor promoter phorbol 12,13-dibenzoate or the strong promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) increased the activity of the high affinity enzyme (Km = 4 microM). The enzymic changes began within the first hour after application, and lasted for about 5 days. maximal stimulations of approximately 300--400% were reached after 3--6 h with TPA application, whereas with phorbol dibenzoate the maximum could only be reached after 1--2 days. TPA stimulation of the enzyme depended on doses within the range of 0.2 to 20 nmol and could be completely prevented by cycloheximide, but not by 5-azacytidine, actinomycin D, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid or indomethacin. No evidence could be found for cAMP participation in enzyme induction. An increase in enzyme activity could also be observed after other mitogenic treatments such as local application of the weakly promoting phorbol esters C14:4-phorbol acetate ("Ti8") and 4.O-methyl-TPA, or of the non-promoting divalent cation ionophore A 23187, as well as after treatment with a depilatory cream. Skin massage or removal of the horny layer, which also stimulate mitosis, did not evoke a significant increase in enzyme activity. No apparent correlation exists between the hyperplasiogenic and tumor-promoting effectiveness of a manipulation and its effect on epidermal 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗

PubMed1987

Some effects of epidermal growth factor on reproductive function in Merino sheep.

During the i.v. infusion of a depilatory dose (100 micrograms/kg bodyweight) of mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF) into ovariectomized Merino ewes the frequency of pulsatile LH release was significantly reduced. However, the amplitude of pulses of LH secretion, either those naturally occurring or those induced by LHRH injection, was unchanged or only slightly reduced. Similar infusions of mouse EGF were made in progestagen-treated anoestrous Merino ewes in which LH secretion was maintained by injections of LHRH. These ewes did not experience oestrus or ovulate in response to PMSG injected 1 day after mouse EGF treatment (2 days before progestagen withdrawal); both responses occurred in controls. The EGF-treated ewes experienced oestrus and ovulated following progestagen-PMSG treatment 6 weeks later. These results suggest that mouse EGF inhibits the hypothalamic pulse generator responsible for LH release in the ewe but has little if any effect on pituitary sensitivity to LHRH; and mouse EGF apparently has a direct effect on the ovaries, temporarily impairing their ability to ovulate in response to exogenous gonadotrophin.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Effect of mouse epidermal growth factor on plasma concentrations of LH, FSH and testosterone in rams.

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the concentrations of testosterone, LH and FSH in jugular blood plasma and on the pituitary responsiveness to LHRH. In 20 rams treated with subcutaneous doses of EGF at rates of 85, 98 or 113 micrograms/kg fleece-free body weight, mean plasma LH and testosterone concentrations were significantly reduced (P less than 0.05) at 6 h after treatment but not at 24 h. EGF treatment at 130 micrograms/kg fleece-free body weight suppressed the plasma content of these hormones for up to 48 h. Mean plasma FSH concentrations decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) for up to 48 h after EGF treatment, the effect being most pronounced in rams with mean pretreatment FSH values greater than or equal to 0.5 ng/ml. Intravenous injections of 1.0 micrograms LHRH given to each of 5 rams before and at 6 h, 24 h and 72 h after EGF treatment produced LH and testosterone release patterns which paralleled those obtained in 5 control rams similarly treated with LHRH. These results suggest that, in rams, depilatory doses of mouse EGF temporarily impair gonadotrophin and androgen secretion by inhibiting LHRH release from the hypothalamus. Such treatment appears to have no effect on the responsiveness of the pituitary to LHRH.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Alopecia and hirsuties. Current concepts in pathogenesis and management.

Hirsuties and androgenic alopecia are the patterns of hair growth in women which develop in a similar manner to that normally seen in men. This process is mediated by androgens. It may be due to increased hormone production or increased target organ sensitivity. The majority of patients with hirsuties may be adequately managed with a careful explanation of their condition and advice about depilatory techniques. Some will benefit from a course of systemic antiandrogen therapy, but hair growth will resume on cessation of therapy. There have been few objective studies to evaluate the benefits of antiandrogen therapy in female baldness and none with minoxidil.

Alopecia↗

PubMed2002

Causes and management of hypertrichosis.

Hypertrichosis is the term used for the growth of hair on any part of the body in excess of the amount usually present in persons of the same age, race, and sex, excluding androgen-induced hair growth. In its generalized and circumscribed forms, hypertrichosis may either be an isolated finding, or be associated with other abnormalities. Therefore, accurate classification of hypertrichosis is mandatory. Excessive hair may cause cosmetic embarrassment, resulting in a significant emotional burden, particularly if extensive. Treatment options are limited, and the results of therapy not always satisfactory. Patients should, therefore, be adequately advised of the available treatment modalities for temporary or permanent hair removal. No single method of hair removal is appropriate for all body locations or patients, and the one adopted will depend on the character, area, and amount of hair growth, as well as on the age of the patient, and their personal preference. The currently available treatment methods include cosmetic procedures (bleaching, trimming, shaving, plucking, waxing, chemical depilatories, and electrosurgical epilation), and hair removal using light sources and lasers. Laser-assisted hair removal is the most efficient method of long-term hair removal currently available. The lack of comparative data make it difficult to choose the most effective system, however, although the color contrast between epidermis and the hair shaft will determine the type of laser to favor. A novel treatment for slowing excessive hair growth is topical eflornithine, an inhibitor of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase present in hair follicles that is important in hair growth. In general, treatment of hypertrichosis is more satisfactory for patients with localized involvement, than for those with generalized hypertrichosis.

Androgen Antagonists↗

PubMed1997

Adverse effects of colophony.

Regarding colophony, the use in industries, adverse effects, diagnosis, pathophysiology and control are reviewed. Colophony is an unhomogeneous mixture of resin acids as like abietic acid and neutral substances. Colophony is used everywhere, in industry, daily life and medical supplies. Soldering workers are exposed to the colophony fumes heated up to the temperature of soldering irons. The effects of exposure to colophony are classified into bronchial asthma and contact dermatitis. Colophony fumes cause bronchial asthma by its nonspecific irritation. Inhalation challenge test and repeated spirometry during working day may help the diagnosis of colophony induced asthma. Improvement of working environment for soldering and development of new flux instead of colophony will be necessary. A study on contact dermatitis revealed that colophony and its related compounds are one of major causes for contact dermatitis. Cases of dermatitis by depilatory agents used to remove hair from slaughtered swine, anti-slipping cream for ballet shoes or resin for cello strings have been reported. Patch test may contribute to the diagnosis of dermatitis caused by colophony.

Asthma↗

PubMed1995

Leucaena toxicosis and its control in ruminants.

Leucaena (Leucaena spp., especially L. leucocephala) is an arboreal, tropical legume that ranges into the cool subtropics and equatorial elevations up to 1,000 m. One of its uses includes forage for livestock, but introduction of leucaena outside its indigenous range often has led to acute and chronic toxicosis. The major toxic constituents of leucaena are the nonprotein free amino acid mimosine and its ruminal degradation product, 3-hydroxy-4(1H)-pyridone (3,4-dihydroxypyridine; 3,4-DHP). Leucaena also contains appreciable quantities of condensed tannins. In ruminants, mimosine is a depilatory agent and 3,4-DHP is a potent goitrogen. In the 1980s, Australian workers demonstrated that the geographical limits of leucaena toxicosis were due to the absence of ruminal bacteria capable of degrading 3,4-DHP, and successfully introduced 3,4-DHP degrading ruminal bacteria from a Hawaiian goat into goats and cattle in Australia. Simple in vitro screening methods have been developed for detection of 3,4-DHP degraders in ruminal samples and feces. Also, several strains of 3,4-DHP degrading ruminal bacteria have been characterized and have been given the genus and species designation, Synergistes jonesii. Ruminal inoculation with ruminal contents from adapted animals, enriched cultures of 3,4-DHP-degrading ruminal bacteria, and pure cultures of S. jonesii have all been used successfully to establish ruminal populations that are capable of degrading 3,4-DHP and preventing leucaena toxicosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Feed↗

PubMed2006

[Comparative study of the effects of Gypsum Fibrosum and Gypsum Fibrosum Preparatum in promoting granulation].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Gypsum Fibrosum and Gypsum Fibrosum Preparatum in promoting granulation. METHODS: The wounds of muscle layer were produced in rats by using surgical operation. Two round wounds, with diameter about 1.5 cm, were cut at the depilatory area of two sides of the back of each rat, with an interval of 2 cm, deep to muscle layer, and the thickness of the knife wound of muscle layer was about 0.15 cm. Forty SD rats with the wounds were randomly divided into 4 groups: untreated group, beifuji-treated group, Gypsum Fibrosum-treated group and Gypsum Fibrosum Preparatum-treated group, with 10 rats in each group. Then the wounds were sprinkled with powders of Gypsum Fibrosum and Gypsum Fibrosum Preparatum, or sprayed with beifuji solution, respectively. The healing state of granulation tissues of the wounds was observed at the eighth and fourteenth day respectively. RESULTS: The number of fibroblasts, the number of capillary tubes and the area of capillary tubes in granulation tissue of wounds in the Gypsum Fibrosum Preparatum-treated group were significantly higher than those in the untreated group and Gypsum Fibrosum-treated group (P<0.01). There were no statistical differences between the Gypsum Fibrosum Preparatum-treated group and the beifuji-treated group. However, Gypsum Fibrosum-treated group showed no obvious differences compared to the untreated group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Gypsum Fibrosum Preparatum can accelerate the formation of collagenoblast and micrangium in wounds, and the proliferation of granulation tissues, thus promoting the skin wounds to healing. The effect of Gypsum Fibrosum is changed after being calcined, and Gypsum Fibrosum Preparatum has obvious effect in promoting granulation.

Calcium Sulfate↗

PubMed1998

[Preoperative skin preparation in abdominal surgery].

Mechanical skin preparation is a daily nursing procedure in abdominal surgery. Even though a single procedure has not yet been adopted, several evidence-based points can be found in the literature: non-shaving or depilation of the surgical field with and electric clipper give the lowest rate of wound infection. The same is true for shaving of the operative field just before the operation. The beneficial effects of depilatory cream have not been demonstrated. Finally, there are no current data dealing with the acceptability and the overall cost of depilation procedures.

Abdomen↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of antioxidant properties of dermocosmetic creams by direct electrochemical measurements.

Cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry were preliminarily used in order to evaluate the global antioxidant properties of dermocosmetic creams. Experiments were performed by introducing electrodes directly into the creams without any pretreatment of the samples. Current-potential curves showed significant anodic current depending on the antioxidant-containing cream studied. In comparison, little amperometric response was recorded with an antioxidant-free cream base. Aqueous solutions of the corresponding antioxidants showed analogous anodic waves and similar peak potentials. A correlation between the global anodic peak and the presence of the antioxidant species in the cream was made with eleven skin creams, attesting to the reliability of the method. Among the tested electrode materials, platinum gave the best results in terms of electrochemical kinetics and measurement precision (current peak standard deviation less than 5%). Exposure of a depilatory cream to oxidizing agents (e.g., hydrogen peroxide, air, or light) caused a decrease in peak current as expected. This methodology enabled us to evaluate the evolution of the total antioxidant capacity under oxidative stress and gives encouragement to further development of a voltammetric method to quantify cream antioxidant power.

Antioxidants↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Preoperative hair removal review].

Surgical site infection (SSI) frequency is influenced by several risk factors, among which perioperative hair removal. Traditionally it is part of the procedures carried out on skin before surgery. Although preoperative shaving is widely used in many hospitals, its use should be re-evaluated. Therefore the AA. carried out a systematic literature review about the opportunity, the modality and the risks associated to preoperative hair removal. We found first of all that preoperative shaving (razor) is associated with a significantly higher surgical site infection (SSI) risk. Second, when hair removal is considered necessary by the surgeon, it should be carried out by means of a clipper or depilatory cream. Furthermore hair removal should be performed immediately before surgery and not in advance, to avoid an increased risk of SSI.

Hair Removal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Treatments for unwanted facial hair.

Twenty-two percent of women in North America have unwanted facial hair, which can cause embarrassment and result in a significant emotional burden. Treatment options include plucking, waxing (including the sugar forms), depilatories, bleaching, shaving, electrolysis, laser, intense pulsed light (IPL), and eflornithine 13.9% cream (Vaniqa, Barrier Therapeutics in Canada and Shire Pharmaceuticals elsewhere). Eflornithine 13.9% cream is a topical treatment that does not remove the hairs, but acts to reduce the rate of growth and appears to be effective for unwanted facial hair on the mustache and chin area. Eflornithine 13.9% cream can be used in combination with other treatments such as lasers and IPL to give the patient the best chance for successful hair removal.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1991

[Sacrococcygeal cysts. Is Lord Millar's procedure an alternative to exeresis?].

The benignancy of sacrococcygeal cysts stands in contrast to their morbidity and rate of recurrence. Due to the differences in the results found in the literature and to the lack of recommendations as to the optimal surgical procedure, the authors have reviewed a series of 69 patients with a chronic inflammatory state. The procedure was either exeresis up to the sacrum (37 patients) or Lord Millar's procedure (32 patients). The latter consisted in a limited exeresis of the portals and in the extraction of the hairs with a brush, followed in principle by a weekly depilatory treatment until the wound was closed. The results in the 2 groups have been compared. Sixty-six patients (87%) were controlled after an average of 3.7 years. The shorter stay in hospital of the patients operated with Lord Millar's procedure (4.9 vs. 7.6 days) and the shorter period of inability to work (14 vs. 26 days) demonstrate the socioeconomical advantage of this procedure. Recurrence occurred in 5 of the 31 patients controlled after exeresis (16%) and in 7 of the 29 patients controlled after a Lord Millar's operation (24%), including one in the subgroup of 16 patients who submitted themselves to a regular postoperative epilatory treatment (6%) and 6 in the group of 13 who were not followed up in our clinic (46%). Thus Lord Millar's procedure represents an alternative to exeresis, provided the patient is motivated enough to submit himself to regular postoperative controls.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Epidermal toxicity of disinfectants.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the capacity of various disinfectant chemicals to cause epithelial toxicity with repeated exposure. The abdominal area of 3-month old, experimental ICR/CD-1 mice was initially shaved, denuded with a depilatory agent and allowed to rest for 24 hours. Commercial preparations of iodophors, bleach, synthetic phenols, phenolic/alcohols, and glutaraldehydes were then sprayed onto the exposed abdominal tissue 8 times/day (0.8 ml spray) for 2 consecutive days. The applied disinfectant was allowed to dry between procedures. In comparison to controls sprayed with distilled water, each disinfectant stimulated some degree of epidermal changes. Resultant multiple brownish lesions showed local thickening and hardening. Histologically, epidermal changes ranged from mild hypertrophy to extensive epithelial erosion. A few inflammatory cells were occasionally detected in the epithelium. When present, dermal reactions ranged from a mild inflammation to focal areas of collagen degeneration. The results indicated that iodophors stimulated the mildest reactions, followed by the synthetic phenol preparations, bleach, phenolic/alcohols, and glutaraldehyde sprays. Similar assays using glutaraldehyde immersion sterilants/disinfectants produced marked tissue destruction.

Animals↗