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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Problems arising from the health status evaluation and certification of diseases developed in countries with different climatic conditions].

Based on the Polish regulations, the authors present problems and difficulties in qualification for business departures into the tropics, as well as diagnostic and certification procedures related to those whose health has been injured during their business trip to the tropics. The authors postulate a greater attention to be paid to this problem and explanation of some doubts resulting from interpretation of operative regulations.

Cold Climate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early severe dehydration in young breast-fed newborn infants.

Six breast-fed infants living in a dry desert climate area presented at ages 4-11 days with severe dehydration. In all cases, dehydration was associated with inadequate breast milk production by the mothers. In contrast to earlier reports on dehydration in breast-fed infants, five of the mothers were from a low socioeconomic background and three were multiparas, including two mothers who had previous experience with breast-feeding. In two infants severe bacterial infections were documented. Two mothers had small retracted nipples. As in earlier reported instances, sodium concentration in breast milk was elevated in all five mothers in whom it was measured, and three babies had severe hypernatremia. Successful relactation was achieved in three cases with a decrease in the milk sodium concentration. These data demonstrate that severe dehydration in breast-fed infants may occur as early as the first week of life and may affect even infants of experienced multiparous mothers who are well motivated for breast-feeding. It seems that hypernatremia in these infants is secondary to poor fluid intake and increased insensible water loss rather than to elevated milk sodium, since there was no direct correlation between milk sodium concentration and serum sodium levels. Following fluid resuscitation, relactation can be achieved in motivated mothers.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1997

Severe and complicated malaria in Bikaner (Rajasthan), western India.

Severe and complicated malaria is an important cause of mortality in Plasmodium falciparum infection. We describe in this study the details of 532 cases of such syndromes admitted to hospital during an outbreak of malaria between September-December 1994. Increase in the annual rain fall, collection of water around Indra Gandhi Canal, forestation of shrubs around it and migration of labor, adaptation of Anopheles stephensi to desert climate and favorable breeding of An. culicifacies in the areas under impact of irrigation were presumptive causes of the outbreak in this region. Cerebral malaria (25.75%), hepatic involvement (11.47%), spontaneous bleeding (9.58%), hemoglobinuria (7.89%), severe anemia (5.83%), algid malaria (5.26%), ARDS (3%) and renal failure (2.07%) were the important manifestations. The overall mortality was 11.09%, which was high because of infection in the non-immune population of this area. Ignorance about the severity of this disease and lack of transportation facility was another important factor. Morality was highest in ARDS (81.25%) followed by severe anemia (70.97%), algid malaria (46.43%), renal failure (45.45%), jaundice (36.06%) and cerebral malaria (33.57%). Pregnancy was an important determinant increasing the mortality in female patients. Mortality was very high (82.35%) in those persons who presented with more than 3 syndromes together.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of diversity of the animal population in zonal climatic gradients using the transect method].

Zonal trends of changes in animal population diversity on land are studied with the models of individual taxa and multispecies communities. Development of the transect method and use of different scale topoecological gradients make it possible to follow the succession of the species composition and topical preferences of individual species, as well as changes in their absolute and relative abundance, which lead to changes in the structure and pattern of functioning of the community as a whole. Modern methodological approaches concerning organization of complex studies on megatransects crossing several natural zones are analyzed. Methods of estimation of inter- and intrazonal changes in the animal population structure and diversity are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Strategy of preservation and use of biological resources in China].

The current state of biological resources of China is characterized by the example of animal world resources. Dynamics of the protected territories, control over the world trade of animals, and methods of protection of animals in situ and ex situ are described.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cryptococcus friedmannii, a new species of yeast from the Antarctic.

Cryptococcus friedmannii Vishniac sp. nov. from an Antarctic cryptoendolithic community is a psychrophilic basidioblastomycete characterized by cream-colored colonies of cells with smooth, layered walls, budding monopolarly, producing amylose and extracellular proteinase, utilizing nitrate and D-alanine (inter alia) as nitrogen sources and L-arabinose, arbutin, cellobiose, D-glucuronate, maltose, melezitose, salicin, soluble starch, trehalose, and D-xylose as carbon sources. This species differs from all other basidiomycetous yeasts in possessing the following combination of characters: amylose production (positive), assimilation of cellobiose (positive), D-galactose (negative), myo-inositol (negative), D-mannitol (negative), and sucrose (negative).

Antarctic Regions↗