Medical applications of space science research, 1.
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Data Display↗
SEARCH · PubMed Health
Results for “Data Science”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
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Chemical information science coverage in Chemical Abstracts.
For many years Chemical Abstracts has included in its coverage publications on chemical documentation or chemical information science. Although the bulk of those publications can be found in section 20 of Chemical Abstracts, many relevant articles were found scattered among 39 other sections of CA in 1984-1985. In addition to the scattering of references in CA, the comprehensiveness of Chemical Abstracts as a secondary source for chemical information science is called into question. Data are provided on the journals that contributed the most references on chemical information science and on the languages of publication of relevant articles.
Abstracting and Indexing↗
Challenges and future directions in AI-driven biomaterials for microbiome-associated oral infectious diseases: A systematic review.
Oral biofilm-induced antimicrobial resistance is the core pathogenic mechanism of microbiome-associated oral infectious diseases (dental caries, periodontitis, peri-implantitis, and endodontic infection). Traditional therapies and biomaterials are limited by poor biofilm penetration, drug resistance induction, single functionality, and inadequate adaptation to dynamic oral microenvironmental changes (e.g., pH fluctuations, salivary rinsing, masticatory stimulation). Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the field by integrating materials science, microbiology, and stomatology data. Via machine learning, deep learning, and multi-physics simulation, AI optimizes biomaterial physicochemical properties, decodes microenvironmental signals, constructs precise sensing-response loops, and supports the full chain of material design, performance prediction, and action simulation, advancing treatment from empirical intervention to precision regulation. This systematic review retrieved literature from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (January 2016-January 2026) using keywords across three dimensions: AI, biomaterials, and oral microbiome. Following inclusion/exclusion criteria, 99 articles were included. It elaborates on five core mechanisms of AI-driven oral biomaterials (precise oral microbiome analysis, targeted material design/optimization, performance prediction/simulation, targeted delivery/intervention, effect evaluation/dynamic regulation), analyzes their applications in microbiome-targeted biomaterial research and development (R&D) and clinical practice for the four major oral infectious diseases, addresses technical bottlenecks (insufficient targeting specificity and precision of biomaterials, poor stability and durability in complex oral microenvironments, inadequate biofilm disruption capacity, and clinical translation obstacles), and proposes future directions (multimodal design to enhance targeting specificity, structural and component optimization to improve stability/durability, development of multi-mechanism synergistic biofilm disruption strategies, strengthening translational research for clinical application, and deep integration of AI in the full chain of biomaterial R&D). This work provides comprehensive theoretical and practical support for the R&D, optimization, and clinical translation of AI-driven microbiome-targeted oral biomaterials.
Humans↗
A microcomputer-based system for detailed analysis of rat behavior.
A microcomputer-based system that can measure rotational behavior and moving velocity is described. Infrared photobeams detect the animal behavior. One advantage of this system is that data can be stored on floppy disks and analyzed in arbitrary time intervals. This system may be useful for detailed analysis of rat behavior in physiological or psychopharmacological experiments.
Animals↗
Clade-dependent antifungal resistance and susceptibility in Candidozyma auris: A global scoping review.
BACKGROUND: Candidozyma auris (formerly Candida auris) is an emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen that has spread globally since its first identification in 2009 and is now classified as a critical-priority pathogen by the World Health Organization. Distinct genetic clades are associated with variations in geographic distribution, antifungal susceptibility, and resistance mechanisms; however, clade-specific evidence remains fragmented. AIMS: To systematically map global evidence on clade diversity, antifungal susceptibility patterns, resistance mechanisms, and clinical implications of C. auris. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Peer-reviewed primary studies published between 2009 and September 2025 were included if they reported clade attribution and antifungal susceptibility or resistance data. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data using a standardized form. RESULTS: Of 2050 records identified, 105 studies met inclusion criteria, representing 29 countries and diverse study designs. Whole-genome sequencing was the most common typing method. Antifungal susceptibility varied substantially across clades. High fluconazole resistance was consistently reported (MIC 4 to >256μg/mL). Echinocandins generally retained activity, although reduced susceptibility associated with FKS1 mutations was observed. Resistance mechanisms primarily involved mutations in ERG11, FKS1, and efflux-related genes. Studies also reported challenges in healthcare-associated transmission, environmental persistence, and diagnostic misidentification. CONCLUSIONS: C. auris exhibits marked clade-dependent variability in antifungal susceptibility and resistance mechanisms. These findings support the need for clade-informed interpretation of susceptibility data, standardized surveillance, improved diagnostics, and development of novel antifungal therapies.
Antifungal Agents↗
[An analysis of the scientific publications of the A. A. Bogomolets Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine].
Scientific publications from three sectors of the Institute have analyzed for the period since 1979 till 1988 inclusive. The analysis is based on data of annual reference books Science Citation Index (SCI) and lists of publications of each researcher of the Institute. It is shown that with almost equal numerical strength of researchers and similar number of publications the sector of molecular physiology contributed 43.6% to cited works 48.2% of these works are included into database of SCI. Such indices for the sectors of neurophysiology and physiology of visceral systems accounted for 33%, 33.4% and 23.4, 18.4% respectively. It is of interest that 47.5% of references to the cited works of the molecular physiology sector were made by foreign scientists and self-citation constituted 17.4%, while for the other sectors such indices had a reverse relationship. The problem on objectification of estimation of research is under discussion.
Academies and Institutes↗
Management data for collection analysis and development.
Sound management data are needed to evaluate the collections of health sciences libraries. This study reports the utilization of computer data bases to compare the libary collections of The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. The University of Texas Medical Branch, and the National Library of Medicine's CATLINE data base. The imprint dates of the records of two libraries are compared to measure acquisitions rates. Subject profiles for the Q and W classes demonstrate the similarity of the collections. Reasons for the variances are considered.
Analysis of Variance↗
International distribution of dental materials publications and patents.
International patterns of research and development in the field of restorative dental materials were examined with data on publications (1981-85) and patents (1979-88). It was found that United States-based authors produced approximately one-half of all dental materials journal articles published worldwide, while US inventors had nearly the same share of the US dental materials patents. During the periods studied, the share of US patents in dental materials awarded to US inventors declined, while the share of US patents awarded to Japanese inventors rose. The role of the United States in research (as measured by journal articles) remained stable. Nations differed in the degree to which their researchers specialized in particular research areas. US-based authors and inventors were relatively over-represented in prosthetic materials and under-represented in dental cements, an area in which the British and the Japanese concentrated more of their activity. There was some, but not complete, agreement in the patterns of national specialization as indexed by patent and publication data. When dental materials data were compared with data for broader fields of science and technology, important differences were found. For publications, US-based authors displayed greater dominance in dental materials than in the fields of dentistry, chemistry, and materials science. US-based inventors' share of US dental materials patents was smaller than their share of all US patents. These analyses demonstrated that it was possible to use indicators derived from publication and patent data files to conduct insightful studies of a discrete specialty of science and technology.
Databases, Bibliographic↗
Effects of blood flow restriction training combined with resistance training on lower-limb strength and sport-specific performance in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND: In contemporary sports science, athletes and coaches continuously explore strategies to reduce training load and injury risk while increasing muscular strength and sport-specific performance. This meta-analysis evaluated the effects of blood flow restriction training (BFRT) combined with resistance training (RT) on lower-limb muscle strength and sport-specific performance in athletes. METHODS: Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were systematically searched across major databases (e.g. PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and Embase) from inception until November 2024. Two independent reviewers carefully assessed the studies. Data analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.4 software, which included heterogeneity testing, meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, and assessment of publication bias. RESULTS: Ten RCTs (181 athletes; 91 in the BFRT and RT group, 90 in the control group) were included. Outcomes determined BFRT combined with RT yielded notable enhancements in lower-limb muscle strength (SMD = 1.09, 95% CI [0.52, 1.66], p < 0.05) and muscle hypertrophy (MD = 1.09, 95% CI [0.10, 2.09], p < 0.05) compared to control training. However, no significant improvement in sport-specific performance was found (SMD = 0.11, 95% CI [-0.18, 0.40], p = 0.46). Substantial heterogeneity was observed for strength outcomes (I2 = 75%), whereas low heterogeneity was observed for sport-specific performance and hypertrophy outcomes (I2 = 0%). No evidence of significant publication bias was detected. CONCLUSION: BFRT combined with RT appears to provide effective augmentation of lower-limb muscle strength and hypertrophy in athletes compared to RT or conventional training alone. It may be prudent to integrate this approach systematically into training cycles to optimize physiological muscle stimulation and training outcomes, despite not directly improving sport-specific performance.
Humans↗
Multicentre European trials: their design, execution and relevance.
Multicentre randomized clinical trials in Europe over the past decade have made a major contribution to the practice of cardiology and will increasingly do so when the Single Europe Act becomes a fact of life in 1992. The arguments for independent scientifically based research organizations and their role in the area of coronary artery disease are outlined. These include cost-benefit considerations, the science of clinical trials, data acquisition techniques and data management requirements. The role of the pharmaceutical industry in relation to the investigator-trialist is discussed. A critique of the current fashion 'Big is beautiful', with arguments against 'simplicity' and 'large size' and the need for 'credibility' is provided. Applicability of data from trials and their economic usefulness and validity in terms of sound pathophysiological hypotheses are also discussed and illustrated by using the CABRI trial as an example.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
Symposium on information science. VII. Electronic reporting, processing, and retrieval of clinical laboratory data.
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Data Display↗
The third United States-Japan meeting on the Toxicological Characterization of Environmental Chemicals.
This report summarizes the discussion of the Third U.S.-Japan Meeting on the Toxicological Characterization of Environmental Chemicals held under the auspices of the U.S.-Japan cooperative in research and development in science and technology. Recent data on the interrelationships between toxicity, cell proliferation, and carcinogenicity are presented.
Animals↗
Prevention of stroke--a report from collaboration project between Zagreb and Barcelona.
Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is the main killer in the modern society and the most frequent cause of death and disability. According to the experiences of highly developed Western countries, especially of the U.S.A., the incidence of stroke can be reduced by the development and introduction of preventive actions and change of life style. Incidence of cerebrovascular disease is high in Croatia as well as in Spain (46% in the 46-59 age range) with an increasing tendency in younger population. As prevention is the only way of CVD incidence reduction, it is indispensable to organize an integral preventive neurologic network. Within the W.H.O. project "Health for All by the Year 2000 and the project "Zagreb"--Healthy City" a preventive action under the slogan 'With perfect brain and veins--enjoy the healthy days', has been organized with the aim to reduce the incidence of stroke for 20% during the following 10-year period. A standardized work of preventive network in Zagreb has also been established in Barcelona as a joint work. Using the interdisciplinary counselling approach, medical teams are still making examinations. In Zagreb Center for Neurological Sciences and Brain Research, data of risk factor distributions and trends of stroke incidence changes have been collected and the results have been analyzed. The Zagreb Center has also become a center for continuous evaluation and further planning. In this article functions of preventive centers, the preventive standardized protocol and structural and functional preventive network are introduced. The results of preventive action in Zagreb are also briefly presented.
Aged↗
Fracture mechanics principles applied to implant medical devices--a review.
Historically, the fatigue behavior of materials and structures, including biomaterials and implant devices, was analyzed using stress-life (S-N) techniques, i.e. by determining the number of cycles to failure at a calculated peak stress. The development of fracture mechanics technology has made the crack-growth aspect of fatigue analysis a more exact science, providing more precise data on the properties of materials, incorporating more geometric and metallurgical information from the structure, and, in some cases, providing for updated in-service lifetime predictions. Over the past decade, the medical implant industry and researchers have adopted this analytical tool to varying degrees. The result has been the development of some improved materials, operative procedures, and devices, based on a more exact knowledge of the properties most critical to assuring the long-term durability of devices. Examples of the application of fracture mechanics technology to orthopedic and cardiovascular devices and the potential for further applications are reviewed.
Biomechanical Phenomena↗
Homicide by insulin administration.
This report describes a case of homicide by insulin administration and a study of the effects of storage conditions on insulin in serum. The study revealed insulin to be remarkably stable at refrigerator temperatures. Therefore, for forensic science purposes, insulin immunoassay data are interpretable even when serum is not stored by the standard laboratory method of freezing.
C-Peptide↗
A comparison of three allied health manpower projection methodologies.
Three manpower projection methodologies most often employed in the allied health sciences were compared: population ratio, occupational matrix, and regression analysis. Comparisons were made among the methodologies themselves, their strengths, and their weaknesses. These methodologies were then applied to the largest allied health discipline - clinical laboratory sciences - using Kentucky statewide data. The resultant projections were then compared with actual data (F.J. Morris, PhD, unpublished data, 1985). The most appropriate methodology to be used by the administrator should be determined by his/her specific needs and goals in relation to the specific strengths and weaknesses of the individual methodology.
Allied Health Personnel↗
Searching the MEDLARS file on NLM and BRS a comparative study.
A comparison of the MEDLARS data base as it is currently available from the National Library of Medicine and Bibliographic Retrieval Services (BRS), Inc., is presented in chart format, and some major capability differences between the two systems are highlighted. The information inlcuded justifies the dual availability of the data base in health sciences libraries. This paper is intended for searchers and others familiar with one or both systems. Administrators considering the acquisition of the BRS system may find the study useful.
MEDLARS↗
Behavioral science in family medicine residencies: Part I. Teachers and curricula. The STFM Task Force on Behavioral Science.
A survey was conducted of all members of the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine to describe teachers, curricula, and teacher satisfaction in family medicine residency behavioral science education. The response rate was approximately 60% of eligible individuals. Family medicine teachers divide themselves into behavioral scientists, family physicians, both, program directors, and other faculty members. Behavioral scientists are most often psychologists or social workers, have been teaching family medicine a relatively short time, and are more likely to be female than the other groups. Behavioral science curricula emphasize counseling, interviewing, and family dynamics. Satisfaction with behavioral curricula is high.
Behavioral Sciences↗