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PubMed1976

Endodontics 1776-1976: a bicentennial history against the background of general dentistry.

During 200 years of progress in endodontics, various sciences have contributed to our understanding of the physiology and pathology of the dental pulp. Early treatment included cauterization of the pulp, the use of poultices or leeches, and tooth transplantation or replantation. Various methods of pulp devitalization are reviewed. Near the turn of the century, the discovery of X rays made diagnosis more accurate and the discovery of local anesthetics eliminated pain during endodontic treatment. Although the focal infection theory slowed the acceptance of endodontic treatment in this century, the biomechanical concept of treatment and research have recently opened new avenues for treatment and have initiated improvements in medicaments and filling materials.

Abscess↗
PubMed1990

[Application of composite resin inlays to deciduous molars--a clinical observation of the resin onlay].

Although composite resin has been used as an aesthetic restorative material, wear and fracture of the resin of fracture of the tooth structure are likely to occur when the size of the dental cavities are large. In addition to the lack of the aesthetic value, clinical results of prefabricated metal crown revealed several problems which were caused by the wear of the metal and the ill-adaptation of the cervical margin. In the present study, 50 devitalized deciduous molars were treated with composite resin onlays which were designed to cover the entire occlusal surface of the deciduous molar, and the clinical results were evaluated for a 6 month period. Additionally, for the purpose of simplification of the laboratory process for making resin onlays, ready-made occlusal shells were fabricated. The variety of the prepared shell size consisted of 7 sizes for the first deciduous molar, 9 sizes for the upper second deciduous molar and 10 sizes for the lower deciduous molar. The following results were obtained. 1) A partial resin fracture at the peripheral area of the mesio-buccal cuspid was found in five cases out of 50. 2) A glossy appearance on the surface of the onlay which was created by coated unfilled resin disappeared after 6 months of observation. 3) In relation to the resin onlay, when the antagonistic tooth was restored with prefabricated metal crowns, holes were made by attrition on all the crowns within a 3-4 month period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗
PubMed1994

Multivariate analyses of factors influencing the longevity of fixed partial dentures, retainers, and abutments.

In logistic regression models, variables were studied for possible influence on the longevity of fixed partial dentures, retainers, and abutments. The type of dental material was the most critical variable for change or removal of fixed partial dentures. Cantilever extension indicated no substantial increased risk of change or removal for the fixed partial dentures. The risk of removal for an abutment was influenced by the following variables: endodontic treatment, distal terminal position, placement in the mandible, and advanced marginal bone loss. Several variables were stronger multivariately than bivariately and this indicated that a combination of risk factors may be the most detrimental for the longevity of the restorations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Are endodontically treated teeth more brittle?

This study compared biomechanical properties (punch shear strength, toughness, hardness, and load to fracture) of 23 endodontically treated teeth (mean time since endodontic treatment: 10.1 yr) and their contralateral vital pairs. Analyses using paired t tests revealed no significant differences in punch shear strength, toughness, and load to fracture between the two groups. Vital dentin was 3.5% harder than dentin from contralateral endodontically treated teeth (p = 0.002). The similarity between the biomechanical properties of endodontically treated teeth and their contralateral vital pairs indicates that teeth do not become more brittle following endodontic treatment. Other factors may be more critical to failure of endodontically treated teeth.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of moisture content and endodontic treatment on some mechanical properties of human dentin.

The objective of this study was to determine whether significant differences exist between the mechanical properties of human dentin from treated pulpless teeth and dentin from normal vital teeth. Dentin specimens (n = 262) were obtained from 54 freshly extracted normal vital human teeth and 24 treated human pulpless teeth. These specimens were subjected to different experimental conditions (wet, air dried, desiccated, and rehydrated). Compression, indirect tensile, and impact tests were conducted to measure the mechanical properties of those specimens. All data obtained were analyzed with t tests. The results showed that the dehydration of dentin increases the Young's modulus, proportional limit (in compression), and especially the ultimate strength (in both compression and tension). Substantial dehydration changes the fracture characteristics of dentin specimens under static compressive and indirect tensile loadings. The measurements of impact-breaking energies of desiccated dentin were not found to be significantly decreased. The compressive and tensile strengths of dentin from treated pulpless teeth obtained in this study do not appear to be significantly different from those of normal dentin (p > 0.05), while the mean values of Young's modulus and proportional limit in compression tests appear to be lower. Fifty percent of the dentin specimens from treated pulpless teeth exhibit greater plastic deformation than normal dentin in compression. The results of this study do not support the theory that dehydration after endodontic treatment per se weakens dentin structure in terms of compressive and tensile strengths. Other mechanical properties of treated pulpless teeth, however, may not be the same as those of normal vital teeth.

Dental Pulp Devitalization↗
PubMed1995

General dentists' patterns of restoring endodontically treated teeth.

The manner in which endodontically treated teeth are restored influences tooth longevity and the cost of treatment. This article describes a study of how surveyed general dentists restored endodontically treated teeth and whether their methods were consistent with those suggested in the literature. Some patterns of restoration did reflect the literature's recommendations, but overall the findings call into question some of the ways in which post-endodontic restorative care is carried out.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed2003

[Mathematical simulation and estimation of stress deformed status of a maxillodental segment after tooth depulpation].

Mathematical simulation, estimation, and evaluation of stress-deformed status of bone tissue under the roots of functionally loaded mandibular abutment teeth after their depulpation were carried out. The resultant mathematical model, realized in the SPLEN-K system, is the key stage in the development and subsequent clinical application of automated diagnosis and consultation complex for patients with dentition defects.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1991

Bleaching and restoring endodontically treated teeth.

Internal, or "walking," bleaching has been successfully used in dentistry for many years to reverse stains associated with nonvital teeth. The procedure is predictable for color change but is not without problems. Current research has identified the cause of cervical resorption, which has been associated with internal bleaching. Second-generation esthetic bonding materials theoretically should provide an improved seal at the tooth-restorative interface, but the limited current research does not support this contention. A suggested method for internal bleaching and restoring the access cavity is presented.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Resistance and retention as critical factors in silver amalgam restoration of endodontic posterior teeth. A clinical focus].

The root canal therapy does not make sense if it is not going to be restored properly. Even though we must keep in mind all the steps necessary to build up any vital tooth, we should emphasize the retention and resistency due to the fragility of endodontically treated teeth and to the destruction of these teeth. Even though the use o silver amalgam has been often questioned, we still consider amalgam as a proper material of a good half worm life to build up endodontically treated posterior teeth. Resistency and retention were considered as the essential factors to achieve the integrity of final restorations. We have analyzed the remaining tooth structure, periodontal support, biomechanics properties of the most used restorative materials and the variations of the forces. The different opinions on the concepts and technics have been reviewed and the final practical conclusions discussed.

Bicuspid↗