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The red man syndrome. Exfoliative dermatitis of unknown etiology: a description and follow-up of 38 patients.

Thirty-eight patients with erythroderma of unknown etiology were diagnosed over a 15-year period, and represented 19% of all patients admitted to our department for erythroderma. The male:female ratio was 6.6:1, and the median disease duration was 2 years (range 1 to 23 years). Keratoderma of palms and/or soles was seen in 79%. Laboratory findings were normal, except for an increased IgE level in 69% of the patients studied. Lymph node histology showed dermatopathic lymphadenopathy. Bone marrow investigation results were normal in 48%, or showed eosinophilia (32%) or hyperplasia (20%). Initial skin biopsies showed nonspecific histology in most patients, but later biopsies revealed pleomorphic infiltration. During the observation period four patients progressed to mycosis fungoides and another nine patients were suspected of having mycosis. None developed Sézary's syndrome. Only one third of the patients went into complete remission; half of them died during the observation period. Patients with erythroderma of unknown etiology are predominantly men and seem to belong to a certain subgroup--herein called the red man syndrome.

Adult↗

Exfoliative dermatitis due to nifedipine.

We report the case of a 63-year-old Caucasian female, with reno-vascular hypertension, who developed a generalized skin eruption with lichenoid histological features, induced by nifedipine. A repeat challenge with nifedipine confirmed that it was the causative agent.

Dermatitis, Exfoliative↗

Exfoliative dermatitis due to immunologically confirmed carbamazepine hypersensitivity.

A 6-year-old Caucasian girl experienced a generalized erythematous skin rash during carbamazepine therapy. Over the next four days the eruption worsened into erythroderma with fever and generalized lymphadenopathy. Routine laboratory studies revealed increased serum levels of liver enzymes and eosinophilia. Immunologic reactivity to the anticonvulsant carbamazepine and its analogs was investigated both in vivo and in vitro by patch tests and lymphocyte proliferation assays, respectively.

Alanine Transaminase↗