SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Drinking Behavior”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

Role of various types of serotonin receptors in regulation of drinking behavior and salt appetite in vasopressin-deficient brattleboro rats.

Serotonin 5-HT(1A)receptor agonist 8-OH DPAT suppressed drinking behavior in Brattleboro and Wistar rats. 5-HT(1B)agonist CGS-12066A and 5-HT(2A)antagonist ketanserin did not affect drinking behavior in Brattleboro rats; 5-HT(3)antagonist ondansetron suppressed water consumption and 5-HT(1A)agonist stimulated salt appetite in Brattleboro, but not in Wistar rats. Presumably, vasopressin regulates thirst and salt appetite by modulating sensitivity/density of various types of 5-HT receptors.

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗

PubMed1993

Genetic analysis of drinking behavior in World War II veteran twins.

The objective of the present study was to investigate longitudinal changes in drinking behaviors of adult male twins and model these changes as a function of genetic and environmental influences. Alcohol data available for World War II veteran twins, first surveyed in 1967-69 and followed up during 1983-85, were used to examine components of variability in measures of alcohol consumption. Multivariate biometric analysis of these data indicated 1) longitudinal stability of drinking behaviors in this cohort, 2) a significant contribution of genetic factors to the observed stability that accounted for more than 80% of the stable variation in frequency and in quantity of alcohol consumed per drinking occasion, and 3) evidence for a significant contribution of shared environmental influences to drinking of specific beverages (e.g., wine). The implications of these results for issues of health in the elderly are considered.

Aging↗

PubMed1996

[The influence of job characteristics and workplace subculture on individuals' drinking behavior--an exploratory pilot study].

The purpose of this study was to explore how individuals' drinking behavior was associated with their jobs in terms of the amount consumed and its consequences. The researchers attempted to analyze the characteristics of job and workplace from structural, psychological, and cultural perspectives. The structural dimension referred to years serving in a company, years serving in a department, work position, work characteristics, and shift. The psychological dimension was addressed on perceived stress and work hazards. The cultural dimension of one's job consisted of formal and informal norms regarding one's drinking within the workplace. The result showed the occurrence of drinking-related problems was significantly associated with workplace subculture among the non-aboriginal Chinese males. However, none of the three perspectives as job characteristics was significantly associated with drinking amount. The findings imply that the workplace subculture plays a determinant role in affecting individual's drinking behavior, moreover, it could result in one's problem drinking.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Problem drinking behavior in two community-based samples of adults: influence of gender, coping, loneliness, and depression.

The authors examined the extent to which the relationships among coping, loneliness, depression, and 3 problematic drinking behaviors varied as a function of gender in 2 community-based samples of young adults (19-39 years old). Regression analyses revealed that (a) after controlling for the quantity and frequency of alcohol typically consumed, the 3 psychosocial variables were significantly related to frequency of intoxication, binge drinking, and drink tossing behaviors; (b) not all predictors were related to all problem drinking behaviors; (c) the predictors that were significant varied as a function of the 2 cohorts; and (d) with the exception of frequency of intoxication in the younger cohort, the associations between the predictors and problematic drinking behaviors tended to be similar for men and women. Future directions for research are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1998

Development of alcohol drinking behavior in rat lines selectively bred for divergent alcohol preference.

A characteristic of heritable alcoholism is an early onset of alcohol abuse, which may begin at or before the age of adolescence. The objective of the present study was to determine the ontogeny of alcohol drinking behavior before and during puberty in the selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P), alcohol-nonpreferring (NP), high alcohol drinking (HAD), and low alcohol drinking (LAD) lines of rats. In addition, the effects of postweaning housing conditions (single- or pair-housed) and initiation procedure (4 days forced ethanol or free-choice) were evaluated in male and female P rats. Results indicate that high alcohol drinking in P and HAD (replicate line 2) rats, as well as low alcohol drinking behavior in NP and LAD (replicate line 2) rats, is present as early as 3 to 4 weeks of age. Ethanol intakes in juvenile P and HAD rats reached levels of approximately 4 to 5 g/kg/day by 38 to 41 days of age and were comparable with levels observed in adults. Neither housing conditions nor ethanol initiation procedure significantly altered the acquisition or magnitude of alcohol intake levels in juvenile male and female P rats. These results suggest that the neural substrates underlying divergent ethanol drinking behavior in P/NP and HAD/LAD lines of rats are present early in life.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2003

The influence of alcohol on the activation of outcome expectancies: the role of evaluative expectancy activation in drinking behavior.

OBJECTIVE: Despite the well-established finding from questionnaire studies that positive expectancies are associated with drinking behavior, there is comparatively little known about the mechanisms through which they may affect drinking behavior. Incentive motivation models suggest that alcohol itself may alter the value of the expected outcomes of drinking. The current study was designed to examine the influence of low-dose alcohol on the activation of alcohol outcome expectancy value. METHOD: Forty-eight hazardous drinkers (34 men) between the ages of 21 and 35 years were recruited from advertisements in local newspapers for a social drinking study. Participants, whose most frequently consumed beverage was beer, were administered a dose of either alcoholic (8.5%) beer, based on gender and weight to reach a blood alcohol concentration of 40 mg/dl, or an equivalent volume of placebo beer. Following an absorption phase, a computerized evaluative priming task was completed in which participants made a series of judgments about the value of positive and negative outcomes following either alcohol or neutral word primes. RESULTS: Those who consumed alcohol made faster evaluative responses to positive relative to negative outcomes, compared with individuals who consumed the placebo beverage. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that moderate doses of alcohol may influence the incentive value of positive relative to negative outcome expectancies. It is suggested that these processes may play a role in patterns of hazardous alcohol use.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Role of the liver in long-term control of drinking behavior, Na+ balance, and arterial pressure in Dahl rats.

The role of postabsorptive mechanisms in long-term control of drinking behavior, Na+ balance, and arterial pressure was examined in Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and salt-resistant (DR) rats. NaCl (0.15 M) was infused (0.5 ml/h) into either the inferior vena cava (IVC) or the portal vein (PV) for 7 days, and then 1.5 M NaCl was infused for 10 days. During 1.5 M infusion, the IVC group retained more Na+ than the PV group. Furthermore, in DS rats, mean arterial pressure was higher in the IVC group than in the PV group. Regardless of the strain and infusion route, 1.5 M infusion had no effect on volume of daily saline consumption. However, when the data for light and dark periods were analyzed separately, dark period saline consumption in the PV group was decreased by 1.5 M infusion but was not changed in the IVC group. These results indicate that, in Dahl rats, the postabsorptive mechanism plays a significant role in controlling long-term saline drinking behavior and Na+ balance and has a significant role in controlling arterial pressure in DS, but not DR, rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Naloxone attenuates drinking behavior in a schizophrenic patient displaying self-induced water intoxication.

This study was performed to examine the effect of naloxone on drinking behavior in a schizophrenic inpatient with psychosis, intermittent hyponatremia, and polydipsia (PIP syndrome). His body weight was checked five times daily, and the maximum and minimum weight gains during a day were chosen as an index of polydipsia. Both daily (0.6 mg) and repeated (0.6 mg for 6 days) injections of naloxone suppressed his weight gain significantly for 2 weeks. Withdrawal of the drug for 4 weeks resulted in weight gain recovering to control level. Thereafter, a second trial was performed to examine the long-term effect of this treatment. A daily naloxone (0.6 mg) injection series was performed once every 2 weeks for six series (12 weeks). This drug regimen also suppressed his weight gain in a continuous fashion. The study showed that naloxone seems to be a potential treatment for PIP syndrome and that endogenous opioid systems play a part in the compulsive drinking behavior of the PIP syndrome.

Drinking Behavior↗

PubMed1994

Naloxone attenuates drinking behavior in psychiatric patients displaying self-induced water intoxication.

1. The present study was performed to examine the effect of naloxone on drinking behavior in three schizophrenic inpatients with psychosis, intermittent hyponatremia, and polydipsia. 2. Their body weight were checked five times daily and the maximum weight gain during a day was chosen as an index of their polydipsia. 3. After control recording for six weeks, a daily naloxone (0.6 mg) injection series was performed once every two weeks for three series (six weeks). Withdrawal of this drug for six weeks resulted in weight gain recovering to control level. 4. The present study showed that naloxone seems to be a potential treatment for psychiatric patients displaying self-induced water intoxication and that endogenous opioid systems are involved in the compulsive drinking behavior of this syndrome.

Drinking Behavior↗

PubMed1999

Self-reported alcohol-associated symptoms and drinking behavior in three ALDH2 genotypes among Japanese university students.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol abuse is one of the most serious health problems among young adults. Nearly half of the Japanese population is sensitive to alcohol due to a genetic polymorphism in low K(m) aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2). In the present study, we investigated the effects of the ALDH2 genotype on both self-reported alcohol-associated symptoms and alcohol drinking behavior among Japanese university students. METHODS: The study subjects were 423 (389 males and 34 females) university students in a medical university. The subjects completed a questionnaire regarding self-reported alcohol-associated symptoms and alcohol drinking behavior. The ALDH2 genotype was determined through digestion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products by a restriction enzyme Ksp632I. The frequency of alcohol-associated symptoms generally increased in the order ALDH2*1/*1, ALDH2*1/*2, ALDH2*2/*2 among males. The frequency of those who drink > or = 5 days/week was less than 10% in all genotype groups. However, the frequency of those who drink 1-4 days/week was significantly higher in ALDH2*1/*1 than that in ALDH2*1/*2 and in ALDH2*2/*2. A similar tendency also was observed in females. Mean amounts of alcohol consumption per occasion in the three ALDH2 genotypes stratified by drinking frequency generally increased significantly in the order ALDH2*2/*2, ALDH2*1/*2, ALDH2*1/*1 in both sexes. The proportion of binge drinkers defined by those who drink ethanol of > or = 75 ml per occasion on average also increased in the order ALDH2*2/*2 (0.0%), ALDH2*1/*2 (9.8%), ALDH2*1/*1 (22.1%) among male drinkers (> or = 1 day/month). CONCLUSIONS: We for the first time demonstrated clear associations between the ALDH2 genotype, self-reported alcohol-associated symptoms, and alcohol drinking behavior among Japanese university students.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Polymorphism of alcohol-metabolizing genes affects drinking behavior and alcoholic liver disease in Japanese men.

Alcohol is known to be mainly metabolized in the liver by alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (ADH2) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), and cytochrome P-450IIEI. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of polymorphism of these ethanol-metabolizing enzymes in drinking behavior and the progression of alcoholic liver disease among Japanese men. Polymorphism of the ADH2, ALDH2, and P-45IIEI genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction, followed by restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis in 189 normal Japanese men and 26 male patients with alcoholic liver disease. Drinking behavior was estimated by self-assessment according to DSM-III-R criteria. Facial flushing was reported in 91 subjects heterozygous for ALDH2*1/*2 and in two subjects homozygous for ALDH2*2/*2, but was not found in 96 subjects homozygous for ALDH2*1/*1. In contrast, polymorphism of ADH2 and P-450IIEI did not differ between flushers and nonflushers. Although the flushers only drank a small amount of alcohol (< 20 g of ethanol/day), the nonflushers were divided into a group of moderate drinkers (20 to 80 g/day; n = 54) and a group of heavy drinkers (> 80 g/day; n = 42). A high preponderance of heterozygosity for the ADH2*1/*2 genes (20/42; 60%) and a high frequency of the ADH2*1 allele were found in heavy drinkers, compared with moderate drinkers. However, cytochrome P-45IIEI gene polymorphism was similar among the moderate and heavy drinkers. Not only a high frequency of the ALDH2*1 and ADH2*1 alleles, but also a high frequency of the P-450IIEI c2 allele was found in the patients with alcoholic liver disease. From these results, the drinking behavior of Japanese men is strongly influenced by the ALDH2*1 allele, and the level of alcohol intake is affected by the ADH2*1 allele, but not by cytochrome P-45IIEI. However, progression to alcoholic liver disease among heavy drinkers may be affected by the cytochrome P-450IIEI c2 allele.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Effects of a novel cholinergic M1 agonist, AF102B, on ambulation and water drinking behavior in rats.

Effects of a novel M1 agonist, AF102B (cis-2-methylspiro(1,3-oxathiolane-5,3')quinuclidine HCl), on ambulation and water drinking behavior were examined using an Ambulo-Drinkometer. AF64A-treated rats, an animal model for senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT), and non-treated control rats were used. AF102B was administered orally via tap water at a concentration of 0.01% and 0.1% for an experimental therapeutic dose and a supramaximal dose, respectively. Four-week administration of 0.01% AF102B did not affect either ambulatory activity or water drinking activity in non-treated rats. Successive 0.1% AF102B administration for 4 weeks produced a significant decrease in drinking activity as compared with non-treated control rats. In AF64A-treated rats, AF102B did not change the cholinotoxin AF64A-induced high activity in ambulation. However, a decrease in water drinking activity was observed after 0.1% AF102B administration, as in non-treated rats. These results suggest that therapeutic dose of AF102B do not produce any changes in the spontaneous moter activity and water drinking behavior in normal rats or the animal model for SDAT. Several investigators reported that AF102B (FSK-508; cis-2-methylspiro (1,3-oxathiolane-5,3') quinuclidine HCl) had the property of a relatively specific muscarinic agonist of the M1-type This novel M1 agonist, AF102B, also exerted and ameliorating effect on experimental amnesia; in a T-maze, radial-arm maze task and passive avoidance tasks. AF102B improves the cognitive impairment in various animal models for memory disorders including senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT). Based on these observations, AF102B has been proposed for the treatment of SDAT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Life strains, alienation, and drinking behavior.

This paper examines the effect on drinking behavior of chronic strains deriving from on-going work circumstances, and intermittent strains deriving from transitions imposed by life events: unemployment; economic strain; and stress experience (e.g., death in the family, serious illness, etc.). The respondent's personal resources for coping with these life strains are also examined by way of three measures of alienation: the sense of powerlessness, self-esteem, and social integration. The interaction of situational strains and individual alienation is a primary focus. Regression and covariance analyses, using a sample of some 500 male respondents, indicate that (1) unemployment in itself is of relatively little consequence, (2) powerlessness is the most consistent predictor of alcohol use and abuse, and (3) the combination of stress experience and high powerlessness typifies those who are most vulnerable to high drinking quantity and drinking problems.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed2000

Executive cognitive function and heavy drinking behavior among college students.

Executive cognitive functions (ECFs) seem important for motivating change and self-regulation of problem drinking. Evidence for executive cognitive deficits have been found among heavy-drinking college students. Although college students who abuse alcohol often experience a variety of negative consequences related to their drinking behavior, executive cognitive dysfunction may interfere with recognizing consequences and responding skillfully to avoid future harm. Fifty college students with drinking problems completed assessments of ECFs. Greater negative drinking consequences and short-term memory function significantly predicted greater awareness of drinking problems. ECF may be an important factor for motivation to change drinking behavior among college students.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

The cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR 141716 prevents acquisition of drinking behavior in alcohol-preferring rats.

The cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonist, N-piperidino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-3-pyrazole-carboxamide) (SR 141716); 0.3-3 mg/kg, i.p., twice daily for 10 days), prevented the acquisition of alcohol drinking behavior in rats genetically selected for alcohol preference (Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats), having the free choice between alcohol (10%, v/v) and water. The results suggest that activation of cannabinoid CB(1) receptors is essential for the acquisition of alcohol drinking behavior in animals with a genetically determined alcohol preference.

Alcohol Drinking↗

PubMed1997

Gender differences in the relations between depressive symptoms and drinking behavior among problem drinkers: a three-wave study.

Prior research has suggested that the relation between depression and drinking behavior is stronger for women than for men. In a 3-wave study spanning 3 years, we examined the nature of reciprocal relations between depressive symptoms and drinking behavior among women (n = 207) and men (n = 207) seeking detoxification or referral services for their drinking problems. Latent variable structural equation modeling analyses revealed that more baseline depression was associated with less alcohol consumption 1 year later among women and men. However, later on, more depression predicted heavier alcohol consumption, but only among women. Among women and men, heavier alcohol consumption predicted more subsequent depression, although the timing of this effect differed by gender. Reciprocal effects between depression and drinking problems were found only among men.

Alcohol Drinking↗

PubMed1993

Parental divorce and the change in drinking behavior from high school to college.

192 men and 289 women (college students) provided information about their drinking behavior both currently and in their senior year in high school. These data were analyzed by students' sex and family structure. Currently men drank significantly more than women. No differences for family structure were noted. Students from divorced families drank less currently, while students from intact families drank more currently than they did as seniors in high school. This was true for more men than women. Results support the position that current drinking behavior may be associated with a decrease in parental or adult supervision which is experienced earlier for those whose parents have divorced and later (upon entering college) for those students whose parents have not divorced.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes and drinking behavior in Japanese.

The effects of the genotype of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (ADH2) and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) on drinking behavior were investigated in a population of 451 Japanese. Although the ALDH2*2 allele had a significant inhibitory effect on alcohol consumption, hence on drinking problems, the apparent association was not confirmed between ADH2 genotype and overall drinking patterns for either males or females. However, the frequency of the ADH2*2 allele was significantly lower in male Japanese classified as alcoholic on the basis of the Kurihama Alcoholism Screening Test than in nonalcoholic males. These results corroborate a previous study that revealed a significantly lower ADH2*2 allele frequency in hospitalized Japanese alcoholics than in the general population. Together, these studies suggest that the ALDH2*2 allele has an inhibitory effect on drinking behavior, irrespective of the level of alcohol consumption, whereas the effect of the ADH2 polymorphism only becomes apparent in individuals with higher alcohol consumption, such as alcoholics.

Adolescent↗