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PubMed1989

[The histamine-liberating action of polymyxin B and its analogs].

Histamine-releasing effect of polymyxin B1 and its deacylated analogues has been studied on purified rat mast cells. The structure-activity analysis showed that cyclic peptide fragment and acyl residue of molecule of polymyxin plays an important role in histamine-releasing activity. Histamine release, induced by polymyxin B1 and its analogue was blocked by metabolic inhibitor antimycin A. Preincubation of polymyxin B1 with lipopolysaccharide inhibits in dose-dependent manner polymyxin-induced histamine secretion from rat mast cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Histamine-liberating action of MCD-peptide from bee venom].

Histamine release (HR) from the isolated rat mast cells induced by MCD-peptide, mellitin (from the Apis mellifica venom) and compound 48/80 was studied. The dose-response curve, the latent period and temperature dependence of HR induced by MCD-peptide were similar to those of HR induced by compound 48/80. The HR induced by MCD-peptide proved to be an energy-dependent process that was independent of cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Inhibition of non-cytotoxic histamine liberation from isolated rat mast cells by antihistaminic preparations].

Phenothiazines (chlorpromazine and promethazine) and antihistaminic quinuclidine derivatives [phencarol, quinuclidyl-3-di-(o-tolyl) carbinol, hydrochloride quinuclidyl-3-di-(o-methoxyphenyl) carbinol--HQMC] at concentrations preceding the histamine-releasing ones inhibited the compound 48/80-induced histamine release from the isolated rat mast cells. HQMC inhibited histamine release induced by selective liberators (compound 48/80, MCD-peptide, specific antigen), but potentiated histamine release induced by nonselective liberators (chlorpromazine, tryton X-100). The inhibition by HQMC of histamine release induced by compound 48/80 increased during 1 min and was reversible. The inhibitory effect of all the compounds tested was partially counteracted by glucose.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparison between automated histamine liberation in whole blood and in isolated cells].

The classic histamine release test involved washing and isolating of leukocytes from heparinized whole blood. Siraganian automatized the extraction procedure, working initially with isolated leukocytes in Tris-human serum albumin-Ca++Mg++ buffer, with optimal results. One year later, he described a continuous flow system that permitted the study of whole blood from atopic patients. This method was easier to perform since the isolation of the white blood cells is no longer necessary. On the other hand, the results working with whole blood seem to be better than with isolated leukocytes. We have published modifications of the continuous flow technique, working also with whole blood. Our results agree with those of Siraganian and others. An alternative to working with whole blood or isolated cells in synthetic buffers could be the use of autologous diluted plasma. In this way, the cells are centrifuged and the plasma poured off. The plasma can be used for other determinations, such as RIA, ELISA, etc. The blood is reconstituted to its original volume with a PBS-Ca++Mg++ buffer and processed as described. The results using the whole blood and "washed cells" were very similar. But in some cases we found positive histamine release in "washed leukocytes" but not in whole blood. This striking phenomenon can be explained by the presence in plasma of blocking non-IgE antibodies. If this is the case, the removal of approximately 85% of the plasma will also lead to the disappearance of the 85% of these blocking antibodies. On the other hand, all the positive results obtained using whole blood have been confirmed using "washed cells". Therefore, the use of "washed cells" has several advantages with respect to whole blood assay or leukocyte isolation.

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