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Results for “Histochemical Effects”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1975

[A histochemical study of the effect of progesterone on the carbohydrate metabolism enzymes of different morphologic forms of endometrial cancer].

The histochemical method was used for determining glycogen, phosphorylase, glycogensynthetase, and glucose-6-phosphatase in order to evaluate the effect of progesterone on different morphological forms of cancer of the endometrium in man. On the basis of histochemical analysis of changes in the carbohydrate metabolism in 29 cases of cancer before and after treatment with progesterone a conclusion is drawn that sensitivity of tumours of the endometrium to hormonotherapy only partially depends upon the degree of their morphological differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1979

Effect of mast cell chymase of rat skin on intercellular matrix: a histochemical study.

The effects of purified mast cell chymase of rat skin on intercellular matrix were studied histochemically using cartilage as a model. The enzyme effectively releases proteoglycans from neonatal human costal cartilage. An analysis of the primary site of proteolytic attack by chymase in the matrix was attempted. The results suggest that components containing the more acidic radicals (e.g. sulphates) are hydrolyzed first. After a prolonged attack, the matrix loses most of its staining with Toluidine Blue and Alcian Blue, and staining of collagen is increased. The hydrolyzed regions of cartilage in Alcian Blue-stained sections exhibited a purple interference colour in polarized light. A similar interference colour appeared after incubating sections of rat skin with chymase. The mast cell chymase presumably promotes diffusion of plasma to the site of injury by the direct breakdown of connective tissue ground substance.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Effects of fecal stream on experimental colorectal carcinogenesis. Morphologic and histochemical changes.

The effect of alteration of fecal stream in the presence of the carcinogen 1.2 Dimethylhydrazine, 2 HCl (DMH) has been studied in rats who have undergone surgical division of the colon to produce emptying and filling loops with areas of both decreased and increased fecal exposure. The progressive development of lesions with increasing severity related to prolonged exposure to carcinogen is demonstrated. These changes are preceded and accompanied by alteration of glycoprotein secretion. In the operated rats (1) neoplastic growth appears enhanced and it arises sooner and more proximally than in nonoperated animals; (2) the lesions show tendency to occur at the site of the anastomosis with relative sparing of the distal colon; and (3) tumors are more numerous in areas with increased fecal concentration (filling and small emptying loops), in contrast with their absence in the distal segment of the long emptying loops. Two possible explanations for this preferential distribution are suggested. First, the increased susceptibility to the carcinogen in a previously traumatized area (anastomotic site). Second, the changes in the carcinogenic effect and bile acid concentration as a result of fecal stasis produced by interference with the normal peristalsis of the bowel due to surgical division. The importance of these observations in planning surgery to the colon is considered.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗

PubMed1976

Effects of sulfonylureas on histochemical and ultracytochemical calcium distribution in B-cells of mice.

The study examines the effects of sulfonylurea compounds on the histo- and ultracytochemical calcium distribution within the B-cells of mice using the glyoxal-bis-(2-hydroxyanil) (GBHA) and the pyroantimonate method combined with X-ray microanalysis. Treatment with tolbutamide (200 mg/kg), glibenclamide (2 mg/kg) and glisoxepide (2 mg/kg), causing moderate hypoglycemia and B-cell degranulation, was associated with an unchanged (30, 90 min) or slightly increased (180, 360 min, 4, 42d) GGHA staining intensity of the islet cells compared with controls. Ultra-cytochemically sulfonylureas provoked, compared with controls, a redistribution of calcium-rich, electron dense pyroantimonate precipitates (EDPP). Precipitation predominantly occurred along the inner surface of the plasma membranes and within the granule halos. In contrast, the cytoplasmic matrix, the Golgi complexes and the rough endoplasmic reticulum contained only few fine precipitates. The sulfonylureas investigated exerted identical effects on the histo- and ultracytochemical calcium distribution in B-cells. The results indicate that sulfonylurea-induced insulin secretion is associated with an accumulation and redistribution of calcium within the B-cells. This supports the hypothesis that an altered calcium handling by the B-cell mainly accounts for the insulinotropic effect of sulfonylureas.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of thyroidectomy on the extraocular muscles of the rat: a histochemical study.

The effects of thyroidectomy on the metabolic properties of the rat extraocular muscles have been studied using histochemical techniques. Six months after removal of the thyroid gland a significant increase in the proportion of Type 1 fibres was found in the central zone of the superior rectus (SR) and in the levator palpebrae superioris muscles. Other changes included an increased proportion of Type 2a' fibres and reduced proportions of Type 2a and 2b fibres in the central zone of the SR, and an increased proportion of type 2a, and a reduced proportion of Type 2a" fibres in the peripheral zone of the SR, Mr and So. In addition, there was a mild hypertrophy of Type 1 fibres in the MR, and a mild atrophy of Type 2 fibres in each of the muscles studies. The physiological significance of these findings is discussed.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed1982

The effects of immobilization on the primate temporomandibular joint: a histologic and histochemical study.

The effects of prolonged immobilization on the primate temporomandibular joint (TMJ) condylar cartilage are reported. After eight weeks of immobilization, changes were assayed histochemically using the specific glycosaminoglycan (GAG) stain safranin O. Following the immobilization period, the articulating cartilage showed marked thinning, disorganization, and loss of the superficial GAG stain. After two weeks of remobilization, further thinning had occurred and GAG staining was nearly absent. Sections from condyles of animals sacrificed serially from two weeks to eight months after immobilization showed a gradual return to the thickness and GAG content of the control animals' condyles. But even at this stage, GAG staining was less marked than in the controls, and zonal reorganization was incomplete. These results suggest that TMJ immobilization is not wholly benign procedure.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[Effect of autolysis on histochemical examinations of the central nervous system].

The objective of the study was to explain the effect of autolysis on immunohistochemical detection of neurone-specific enolase (NSE), beta-amyloid protein precursor (beta-APP) and ubiquitine in cerebral tissue. The examination was made in 6 deceased subjects without mechanical injury of the CNS and 6 subjects with a craniocerebral injury who survived from 6 hours to 3 days. In all deceased subjects the post-mortem examination was made within 24 hours after death. For immunohistochemical examination tissue excisions were taken from standard sites of the brain. The first tissue excisions were immersed into 10% formol after a post-mortem interval of 24 hours. The remaining tissue slices were subjected to autolysis at room temperature and gradually immersed into formol after 24-hour intervals, the longest post-mortem interval being 168 hours, i.e. 7 days. For visualization of the linked primary antibody the biotin-streptavidin system labelled with alkaline phosphatase was selected. In the group of 6 subjects who died after a craniocerebral injury in 4 instances axonal lesions were detected, i.e. axonal oedema or formation of retraction spheroids. The damaged axons were positive on examination with all investigated antibodies, whereby it was possible even after a 168-hour post-mortem interval to differentiate damaged and not damaged axons. In the group of 6 subjects without mechanical injury of the CNS in 5 instances axonal oedema was found, however, it was not positive with anti-NSE antibodies nor with anti-beta-APP. After the 24-hour post-mortem interval in this group in 3 instances ubiquitine positivity was found in axons but already after a post-mortem interval exceeding 2 days the axons were ubiquitine positive in all 6 subjects. Lumpy deposits of this substance could be detected in axons also beyond axonal structures.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Effects of exercise on the histochemical changes of articular chondrocytes in adult dogs.

Effects of exercise regimens on the enzyme histochemical changes of articular chondrocytes of the humeral heads in adult shepherd-type dogs were studied. One group of 4 dogs was exercised by walking on a flat surface 5 days a week for 6 months. A 2nd group of 4 dogs was exercised under the same conditions, except that the dogs were forced to walk over platforms placed in their path. Three control dogs were exercised ad libitum in their housing area. In all dogs, the reactivity of lactic acid dehydrogenase was quite strong nicotinamide dinucleotide dehydrogenase was moderate, and glucose-6-phosphatase was week. Succinic acid dehydrogenase uridine diphosphate (UDP)-galactose-4-epimerase, and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-4-epimerase were of weakly moderate staining reactivity. Consistent regional or laminar variability was not found among the chondrocytic populations of the exercised and control groups for the reactivity of the enzymes studied. However, regional and/or laminar variabilities in individuals of the experimental groups were identified. The weak reactivity of glucose-6-phosphatase as seemingly contradictory to the presence of intracellular lipids of adult articular chondrocytes. Lipid synthesis was suggested as a mechanism to store excessive quantities of hydrogen ions in an innocuous form, rather than in the potentially deleterious by-product of anaerobic glycolysis, lactic acid.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Pine resin and Biopin ointment: effects on cell composition and histochemical changes in wounds.

We studied the effects of Biopin ointment containing pine resin and used for the therapy of burns, wounds, and purulent and inflammatory diseases on the cell composition of wounds and histochemical changes in the granulation tissue during the therapy of extensive third-degree burns. The preparation stimulated the nonspecific immune response, normalized hemodynamics in damaged regions, and stimulated cell proliferation in the squamous epithelium.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMed1977

Effect of ultrasonic treatment on the organs of experimental animals. III. Enzyme-histochemical examination of the prolonged effect.

The protracted effect of ultrasound treatment on the parenchymatous organs of rats has been studied histochemically at 1 to 10-day intervals. As a result of the altered redox conditions it is the oxidative enzymes in the first place that react to ultrasound treatment and their normalization takes a long time. Exposure decreased the activity of lysosomal enzymes and in the cell membrane the alkaline phosphatase and ATP-ase too. The activity of hydrolases returned to normal parallel with the normalization of the microscopic structure.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed1986

Histological and histochemical studies of the effect of a devitalizing preparation on the cervix uteri.

Solcogyn is a new acid preparation for the treatment of benign changes in the portio uteri. Histological and histochemical investigations of the treated cervix in patients scheduled for hysterectomy revealed a differential effect of this acid mixture in that ectocervical squamous epithelium was scarcely affected, while ectopic and endocervical cylindrical epithelium and the subepithelial stroma were devitalized by in vivo fixation. The maximum depth of penetration of the fixative effect was 2.5 mm. The treated cervical ectopies and transformation zones re-epithelialized within 3-4 weeks. The comparatively slight but sufficiently deep devitalization of affected tissue explains the clinical advantages observed with this preparation as compared to thermocoagulation and cryotherapy.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1983

[Effects of cianidanol (KB-53) on experimental liver injury in mice--histopathological, histochemical and enzyme-histochemical studies].

Protective effects of KB-53 on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and 1-naphtylisothiocyanate (ANIT) in mice was investigated by means of histopathological, histochemical and enzymehistochemical examinations. Diffuse centrilobular necrosis, ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes and hemorrhage were markedly observed in the livers of the mice one to three days after a subcutaneous injection of CCl4. On the other hand, in the livers of KB-53 pretreated mice, forcal necrosis was observed and inflammatory cells had already infiltrated one day after CCl4-intoxication. Three days later, remarkable development of absorbent granulation tissues with syncytium and hepatocytic mitosis was observed. Furthermore, a number of PAS positive materials such as mucopolysaccharides and mucoproteins were detected in the livers of KB-53 pretreated mice. KB-53 inhibited the disappearance of glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) in the liver after CCl4-intoxication and the rise of alkaline phosphatase (Al-Pase) in the liver after ANIT-intoxication. In addition, KB-53 inhibited the rise of Al-Pase and total bilirubin in the serum of mice after CCl4 and ANIT-intoxication. All these findings suggest that KB-53 protects liver against the morphological and functional changes, and it potentiates the proliferative and regenerative activity of the liver impaired with CCl4 and ANIT.

1-Naphthylisothiocyanate↗

PubMed1990

The effect of ischemia on glycogen phosphorylase activity in rat liver: a quantitative histochemical study.

The effects of ischemia in vitro for 0-60 min at 37 degrees C on glycogen phosphorylase activity in rat liver have been studied under different feeding conditions. Glycogen phosphorylase activity was demonstrated with a recently developed quantitative histochemical method using a semipermeable membrane and the PAS-reaction. The cytophotometrically measured glycogen phosphorylase activity in livers from 24 h-fasted rats was approximately five times the activity in livers from normally fed rats. The activity in periportal areas was about 1.5 times higher than the activity in pericentral areas in livers from starved rats, but more or less evenly distributed in livers from fed rats. Enzyme activity in pericentral areas of livers from 24 h-fasted rats started to decrease after 20 min of ischemia. After 50-60 min of ischemia, the activity was decreased to approximately 25% of the control activity. Livers from normally fed rats showed unchanged activity in periportal and pericentral areas after 10-60 min of ischemia. It has been assumed that the activation of the enzyme was disturbed by ischemia, possibly as a consequence of plasma membrane damage.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Effects of cyproterone acetate on experimentally induced canine prostatic hyperplasia. A morphological and histochemical study.

The effect of 3 alpha-androstanediol (3 alpha-diol), 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and cyproterone acetate (CA) on prostates in castrated beagle dogs were investigated by histological and histochemical examinations. A significant increase of prostatic weight occurred after 6 months' treatment with 3 alpha-diol alone and in combination with E2. Histologically and histochemically, two different types of prostatic enlargement were observed: first, administration of 3 alpha-diol resulted in diffuse glandular hyperplasia with replacement of functional activity monitored by strongly positive reactions for acid phosphatase, aminopeptidase and zinc. Second, 3 alpha-diol plus E2 produced stratified squamous metaplasia with cystic lumina and loss of the typical morphological structure. These glands showed negative reactions for acid phosphatase, aminopeptidase and zinc. In both types of prostatic hyperplasia CA abolished epithelial or metaplastic proliferation and induced atrophy of glandular epithelium. In estrogenized dogs activation of the fibromuscular stroma was obvious. CA prevented prostatic hyperplasia by atrophying epithelial effects.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1981

Effect of glucagon on human gastric mucosa: histochemical studies.

We studied the effects of glucagon (2 mg intravenously) on the histochemical localization and staining intensity of 10 enzymes in human gastric mucosa. Glucagon caused a significant increase in the histochemical activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the undifferentiated neck cells and mucous cells of the foveolae and of ATPase activity in and around the mucosal capillary walls. Glucagon also stimulated mucus secretion from the surface epithelial cells. These changes were observed 15 and 30 min after glucagon in the oxyntic, but no pyloric mucosa. they indicate that glucagon, in addition to its effect on parietal cells, also affects other structures in human gastric mucosa.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed1992

The effect of ammonia on the respiratory nasal mucosa of mice. A histological and histochemical study.

The effects of prolonged exposure to ammonia vapour on the histological pattern and enzymatic activity of the respiratory nasal mucosa of 75 adult male mice were investigated and compared with a control group. In the exposed animals, the nasal epithelial cells showed patches of squamous metaplasia, dysplasia, and even malignant changes in the nose of 2 animals. As regards the histochemical changes, the apical border of epithelial cells showed increased succinic dehydrogenase activity denoting increased energy production. The acid phosphatase activity was also higher, and this seemed to be a constant feature in metaplastic and neoplastic transformation. The alkaline phosphatase activity was detected only in the basal parts of epithelial and goblet cells, which was attributed to an increased activity of basal cells to form a thicker basement membrane. The periodic acid Schiff's reaction was weak in the cilia due to their partial degeneration. Prolonged exposure to ammonia interfered with the normal physiological mucociliary action resulting in accumulation of particulate matter initiating or promoting a neoplastic process.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1982

The effect of estrogen and gestagen on the mucus production of human endocervical cells: a histochemical study.

The effect of hormonal stimulation on the intracellular mucus production of the endocervical cells was histochemically and morphometrically investigated. Twenty-seven cervixes from patients who had received estrogen or gestagen prior to hysterectomy were examined. "Upper" versus "lower" cervix and "small" versus "large" crypts were compared in both groups of patients. The histochemical analysis of mucins within the cells was based mainly on the combined alcian blue/periodic acid Schiff (AB/PAS) techniques at various pH levels. A semiquantitative estimation using cell counts and statistical evaluations was done for each staining method. The results indicate that sex hormones influence the chemical composition of endocervical mucus production. In addition, the nature of the intracellular mucus varies with the cryptal size and location within the cervical canal.

Alcian Blue↗

PubMed1994

Histochemical studies on the effect of propoxur on yolk synthesis in the ovarioles of the blow fly, Chrysomyia albiceps (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae).

The effect of the carbamate insecticide, propoxur, on yolk synthesis in the ovarioles of the blow fly, Chrysomyia albiceps (Wiedemann) was studied. Histochemical studies showed that DNA, RNA, protein and lipid synthesis in propoxur--treated ovarioles decreased as compared to that in non-treated ovarioles, with some deteriorations in the chromatin materials in the nuclei of some nurse cells. On the other hand, the synthesis of carbohydrate is more or less not affected.

Animals↗