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Hutterite fecundability by age and parity: strategies for frailty modeling of event histories.

Effective fecundability declines with age and parity. Furthermore, women differ in their effective fecundability: some women have persistently low or high monthly chances of live-birth conception. Estimates are presented concerning the magnitude of these effects in a natural-fertility population: 406 Hutterite women in North America who had 3,206 births, largely in the 1940s and 1950s. The estimates are based on models that incorporate the effects of persistent heterogeneity and that use the full information provided by multiple-spell duration data. In addition, hazards rather than probabilities are modeled, piecewise linear hazard functions are used, and age and parity effects are decomposed systematically. These methods permit the development of more elaborate models of changing fecundability and of heterogeneity in postpartum amenorrhea.

Adolescent↗

Health promotion in the Hutterite community and the ethnocentricity of empowerment.

Empowerment, one of the cornerstones of health promotion, has been influenced by the transformative and emancipatory perspectives of the revolutionary educator Paulo Freire and critical social theory. The empowerment process is conceived as one of liberation from oppression, powerlessness, and ignorance, and at its core are notions of grassroots activism and rejection of the status quo. This paper critically examines the challenges faced by health-promotion practitioners and researchers who seek to work in an empowering way with a culturally distinct group, the Hutterites. The Hutterian world-view, which values (a) communalism, (b) respect for hierarchical decision-making, and (c) strict adherence to a traditional code of conduct, values, and beliefs, provides an opportunity to critique the ethnocentricity of the empowerment process.

Anthropology, Cultural↗

Hutterite belief in evil eye: beyond paranoia and towards a general theory of invidia.

Most studies of 'evil eye' link economic and political inequality to the fear of appropriation of property while tying envy (invidia) to paranoia. In both psychiatric and anthropological studies of evil eye, explanation of the phenomenon is problematic because the data are retroductive - involving a rationalization of the part of the patient or informant in terms of either delusions or world-view respectively. In this paper the connection between invidia and paranoia is questioned by grounding the analysis of Hutterian beliefs in evil eye in social interaction rather than retroductive explanation. In the case of the Hutterities it is envy itself which is feared and linked to high anxiety levels and sometimes to anxiety attacks or even depression.

Adult↗