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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

FISH analysis of 1cen-1q12 breakage, chromosome 1 numerical abnormalities and centromeric content of micronuclei in buccal cells from thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism patients treated with radioactive iodine.

One of the health consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident was a radioactive iodine-related increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer in exposed children. This radioisotope is used in the treatment of thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism patients providing a convenient opportunity to study cytogenetic damage induced by known doses of radioactive iodine in treated patients. We used pancentromeric FISH on micronuclei and chromosome 1 tandem labelling FISH to monitor overall chromosome breakage and loss, 1q12 breakage and decondensation and chromosome 1 numerical abnormalities in buccal cells from 31 radioactive iodine-exposed hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer patients. The overall outcome of the study, with 250,000 buccal cells analysed, is that there was no radioactive iodine-related increase in the frequency of micronuclei, 1q12 breakage, 1q12 decondensation or chromosome 1 numerical abnormalities. In addition, neither age nor gender, health status nor radioactive iodine dose modulated the frequency of the above cytogenetic end points. Although several uncertainties of these emerging molecular cytogenetic methodologies will require further experimentation, we conclude that, at the reported exposure levels, radioactive iodine did not induce detectable chromosome damage in buccal cells from treated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Biological changes in 88 cases of Basedow's disease treated by radioactive iodine].

Biological abnormalities, in particular increased T3 and sometimes TSH, are frequently found in thyrotoxic patients treated with radioactive iodine and subsequently enthyroid. A high T3, associated with an increase in FT4 and a low TSH precedes a relapse. An increase in TSH may indicate progression towards hypothyroidism; even if FT4 and T3 levels are within normal limits. Caution must be exercised before affirming that an increased TSH with a high T3 and normal FT4 is indicative of thyroid equilibrium. At all events, the risk of hypothyroidism despite the use of small doses of radioactive iodine is such that the classical limit for the treatment of patients with thyrotoxicosis should be increased beyond the age of 40. In patients with a high TSH despite being clinically euthyroid, the use of thyroid extract in low dosage (50 mg/day) would appear to be desirable in avoiding the subsequent development of hypothyroidism.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of diffuse toxic goiter with radioactive iodine in combination with prolonged antithyroid therapy].

The authors analyzed clinically the results of treatment of 237 patients with diffuse toxic goiter with radioactive iodine in combination with prolonged antithyroidal therapy (12--18 months). The advantages of combined therapy consisted in the use of relatively low 131I doses, a great frequensy of clinical remissions of thyrotoxicosis (83%), in the absence of thyrotoxicosis remissions after the administration of a low radioactive iodine dose and a low percentage of stable hypothyroidism development (0.8%) as a complication of radioiodine therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A clinical guide to the management of Graves' disease with radioactive iodine.

More than 50 years have passed since radioactive iodine (RAI) was initially demonstrated as a therapeutic modality for the treatment of Graves' Disease. Today, more than a million patients have been treated with RAI. RAI is considered safe and highly effective. Its side-effect profile, ease of administration, and relative cost make RAI the treatment of choice for Graves' Disease of thyroidologists in this country. Questions continue to be raised as to which patients will benefit most from RAI therapy. Marked differences still exist between the practice preferences of thyroidologists as to whom, when, and how to treat with RAI. Factors that influence patient selection for RAI include age, the presence of pre-existing ophthalmopathy, lifestyle, history of previous treatment failure, and goiter size. Treatment goals, dosimetry, use of thionamides prior to therapy, safety recommendations following therapy, and prophylactic therapy with glucocorticoids for patients with ophthalmopathy highlight are some of the controversial issues facing the endocrinologist treating Graves' Disease with RAI. This symposium article reviews the current management of Graves' Disease with RAI.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1977

Changing values for the normal thyroid radioactive iodine uptake test.

The normal range for thyroid radioactive iodine (RAI) uptake values in the Minneapolis area has shifted twice in the past 20 years. The mean 24-hour thyroid RAI uptake value in 29 normal subjects was 20.5% +/- 6.1% (SD) in 1975, whereas only four years previously it was found to be 11.5% +/- 4.4% (SD) in 51 normal subjects. In a previously published study, the mean thyroid RAI uptake value in normal subjects in this area was 25% +/- 8% (SD) in 1957. The iodine content of commercially baked white bread currently available in this area was found to average only 26 microgram per single slice of bread; the change in the mean 24-hour thyroid RAI uptake value that we observed between 1971 and 1975 is most likely due to a marked reduction in this source of dietary iodine.

Bread↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of non-toxic multinodular goiter with radioactive iodine.

Fourteen patients with large non-toxic multinodular goiters were treated with 20 to 100 mCi (740 to 3,700 MBq) of radioactive iodine (iodine-131). In seven, the goiter had recurred after a partial thyroidectomy and four of these had had two operations. Eight had symptoms of respiratory obstruction, two had dysphagia, and the others sought treatment for cosmetic reasons. After administration of iodine-131, there was a significant decrease in goiter size in 11 of the 14 patients, and all those with obstructive symptoms showed improvement. No significant local side effects occurred, but hypothyroidism and Graves' disease each occurred once during follow-up from one to 13 years. Radioactive iodine in doses of 20 to 100 mCi is an effective, safe therapeutic alternative in patients with large non-toxic multinodular goiter, particularly when there is recurrence following surgery or when there are contraindications to surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Use of adjunctive potassium iodide after radioactive iodine (131I) treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism.

One hundred and nineteen patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism who were treated with 131I alone or 131I followed by potassium iodide (131I + KI) were studied retrospectively. Patients in both groups who required only a single dose of 131I for successful treatment of hyperthyroidism had similar age, gland size, 24-h radioactive iodine uptake, pretreatment serum T4 concentrations, and radioactive iodine treatment dose. Seven weeks after 131I, mean serum T4 concentrations were 12.3 +/- 6.1 micrograms/dl (mean +/- SD) in patients who received 131I alone and 8.0 +/- 3.9 micrograms/dl in patients who received 131I + KI (p less than 0.001). Sixty percent of the patients who received 131I + KI and remained euthyroid 1 yr after 131I treatment developed documented transient hypothyroidism while receiving KI (serum T4, 1.4 +/- 0.9 micrograms/dl). Patients with transient hypothyroidism receiving KI had larger estimated thyroid gland weights when hypothyroid than patients whose hypothyroidism was permanent (32 +/- 6 vs. 16 +/- 11 g; P less than 0.001). The overall incidence of hypothyroidism 1 yr after treatment with 131I was 58% in each of the two groups. Sixteen percent of each group were not successfully treated by a single dose of 131I and required further therapy. Adjunctive KI effectively treated thyrotoxicosis more rapidly than 131I alone without adversely affecting outcome at 1 yr; however, patients taking KI more often develop transient hypothyroidism.

Adult↗