PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Indirect Estimation Technics”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Estimates of adult mortality in Burundi.

Adult mortality in Burundi during the 1970s and 1980s is estimated using data from the 1987 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). Estimates from traditional indirect methods are compared with those from the inter-survey method using data on the number of years since the respondent's parent died. Life expectancy at birth was estimated as 48.55 years for males and 51.23 years for females.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Estimation of fecundability from survey data.

The estimation of fecundability from survey data is plagued by methodological problems such as misreporting of dates of birth and marriage and the occurrence of premarital exposure to the risk of conception. Nevertheless, estimates of fecundability from World Fertility Survey data for women married in recent years appear to be plausible for most of the surveys analyzed here and are quite consistent with estimates reported in earlier studies. The estimates presented in this article are all derived from the first interval, the interval between marriage or consensual union and the first live birth conception.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1991

Desired and excess fertility in Europe and the United States: indirect estimates from World Fertility Survey data.

This paper presents indirect estimates of desired family size and unwanted births for married and cohabiting women in 12 European countries and the US. An econometric model for censored discrete data is used to estimate the distribution of desired family size from individual observations on children ever-born and total expected births. The data are from the UNECE Comparative Fertility Study of WFS surveys for Europe and the US and originated in national surveys between April 1975-December 1979. Estimates of the bivariate distribution of cumulative and desired fertility are used to compute the proportion of women with excess fertility and the average number of unwanted births for each country. The indirect estimates are compared with those from an analysis of survey responses to questions about desired and unwanted births. Multivariate modes that control for the effects of marriage duration, age at marriage, education, employment status, work experience, and total family income are also reported.

Americas↗
PubMed1992

The synthesis economic fertility model: a latent variable investigation of some critical attributes.

"This study uses Nicaraguan data to estimate a latent variable system of reduced-form demands for births, infant mortality, contraception, nutrition and breastfeeding. The estimates support some of the synthesis extensions to the standard fertility model, such as the concurrent increase of contraception, health, nutrition and fertility and decline in breastfeeding with income increases from initial low levels.... The initial stages of development may experience an increase in family size despite an increase in contraceptive use...as well as a profertility impact of reduced breastfeeding." Data are from a survey of women aged 15-45 that was conducted in Nicaragua from 1977 to 1978.

Americas↗
PubMed1993

The cost of the district hospital: a case study in Malawi.

Described in an analysis of the cost to the Ministry of Health of providing district health services in Malawi, with particular emphasis on the district hospital. District resource allocation patterns were assessed by carefully disaggregating district costs by level of care and hospital department. A strikingly low proportion of district recurrent costs was absorbed by salaries and wages (27-39%, depending on the district) and a surprisingly high proportion by medical supplies (24-37%). The most expensive cost centre in the hospital was the pharmacy. A total of 27-39% of total recurrent costs were spent outside the hospital and 61-73% on hospital services. The secondary care services absorbed 40-58% of district recurrent costs. Unit costs by hospital department varied considerably by district, with one hospital being consistently the most expensive and another the cheapest. A total of 3-10 new outpatients could be treated for the average cost of 1 inpatient-day, while 34-55 could be treated for the average cost of 1 inpatient. The efficiency of hospital operations, the scope for redistributing resources districtwide, and the costing methodology are discussed.

Capital Expenditures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indirect estimates and data on migration in Brazil: a conceptual and methodological appraisal of recent census information].

Problems related to the analysis of data from the 1970 and 1980 censuses of Brazil concerning migration are explored. The author first notes that the 1980 census used new methods of data collection that make comparisons with previous censuses difficult. Procedures to overcome these problems are suggested. The inclusion for the first time in 1980 of data on intra-municipal migration is noted. "A procedure is proposed to estimate the intra-municipal migration during the decade, and to add it to estimates of other types of migration, in order to avoid double counting. Internal migration estimates for the 1960s and 1970s are presented for three States (Pernambuco, Minas Gerais [and] Sao Paulo). Special attention is paid to the different concepts implied by estimates obtained through direct and indirect measurement." (summary in ENG)

Americas↗
PubMed1989

[What do age-specific growth rates reveal?].

"This paper summarizes a generalization of the stable population theory pioneered by S. H. Preston and A. J. Coale, and elaborates on a particular case of this generalization suggested by Horiuchi and Preston. Based on the properties of age-specific growth rates to reflect in an indirect manner past population dynamics, an attempt is made to shed light on some aspects of the population history of Bulgaria, which until now have been 'hidden' due to the lack, or the unreliability of the statistical data." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Bulgaria↗
PubMed1991

Measurement of adult mortality in less developed countries: a comparative review.

"This paper compares the direct and indirect methods used to measure adult mortality in the developing world. No other approach can substitute fully for accurate and complete vital registration, but in many countries it is unrealistic to expect the registration system to cover the majority of the population in the foreseeable future.... The difficulties involved in measuring adult mortality using surveys and other ad hoc inquiries are discussed.... While the choice of methods must depend on each country's situation, direct questions require very large samples and are unreliable in single-round inquiries. On the other hand, although indirect methods provide less detailed and up-to-date information than is ideal, they are adequate for many practical purposes. In particular, the experience of the 1980s suggests that questions about orphanhood perform better than earlier assessments indicated, and recent methodological developments have circumvented some of the limitations of the indirect approach."

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Direct and indirect estimates of maternal mortality in rural Burkina Faso.

A retrospective study of maternal mortality was conducted in Nouna, a rural area of Burkina Faso in 1992. Strong evidence was found of a major mortality decline among children and young adults over the 50 years preceding the study: The estimated life expectancy of 36 years in around 1945 rose to 58 years in 1991. Direct and indirect (using the sisterhood method) estimates of the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) were compared. Overall, the direct estimate of the MMR (389 deaths per 100,000 live births) for women aged 15 and older was slightly lower than the indirect estimate (428 deaths per 100,000). Taking into account the biases involved in the use of information obtained from sisters, the direct estimates indicated a marked decline in maternal mortality over time from 569 deaths per 100,000 around 1941 to 305 deaths around 1987. The validity of both data and approach, as well as the discrepancies between the direct and indirect methods, are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Measuring migration distances: self-reporting and indirect methods.

Methods of determining distance covered in migration are discussed. "Two approaches for doing so are simply to ask movers how far they moved or to infer distance from localities of origin and destination. The former has been used in Health Interview Surveys, and the latter is applied to Current Population Surveys; both are national surveys conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. The two approaches appear to produce consistent results and offer ways of increasing comparability of data and research findings on geographical mobility."

Americas↗