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PubMedDate not supplied

A Web terminology server using UMLS for the description of medical procedures.

The Model for Assistance in the Orientation of a User within Coding Systems (MAOUSSC) project has been designed to provide a representation for medical and surgical procedures that allows several applications to be developed from several viewpoints. It is based on a conceptual model, a controlled set of terms, and Web server development. The design includes the UMLS knowledge sources associated with additional knowledge about medico-surgical procedures. The model was implemented using a relational database. The authors developed a complete interface for the Web presentation, with the intermediary layer being written in PERL. The server has been used for the representation of medico-surgical procedures that occur in the discharge summaries of the national survey of hospital activities that is performed by the French Health Statistics Agency in order to produce inpatient profiles. The authors describe the current status of the MAOUSSC server and discuss their interest in using such a server to assist in the coordination of terminology tasks and in the sharing of controlled terminologies.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2002

[Parents of children with esophageal atresia--important source of knowledge].

BACKGROUND: Follow-up studies on children with oesophageal atresia have shown that they often have eating and respiratory problems in early childhood. Psychosocial follow-up studies are scarce. In the design of a comprehensive biopsychosocial follow-up study of children and adolescents with oesophageal atresia, we wanted to include the knowledge of parents regarding the course of the disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We asked 29 parents participating in a meeting of members of the Norwegian support group for oesophageal atresia to complete a questionnaire about the somatic and psychosocial functioning of their child. Parental satisfaction with the health services responsible for their child was also assessed. RESULTS: Parents of 25 children (86%) with median age 4 years (8 months-16 years) responded. The main problems reported were related to respiratory infections (12/25), chronic cough (17/25), wheezing (19/25), swallowing difficulties (23/25), and psychosocial problems related to meals (11/23). INTERPRETATION: Although selection bias may have influenced the results, the parents reported enduring respiratory, feeding and psychosocial problems beyond their child's early childhood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Exploration of workers' opinions as a source of knowledge of working conditions and their impact on workers' health].

The present system and the range of assessing working conditions with their historical background do not reveal reality as they neither cover the whole working population nor take account of a growing importance of psychosocial and organizational factors characteristic of the work environment and affecting workers' health. The studies carried out on representative samples of different occupational groups may substantially contribute to the advancement of knowledge in this area. This kind of studies have already been carried out in a number of West European countries. The author tries to justify the need for performing such studies in Poland.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2005

Ontology-based knowledge repository support for healthgrids.

Healthgrids unite a large amount of independent and distributed organisations to provide for various healthcare services. Often the involved organisations can belong to different areas of healthcare and even different countries. However to achieve efficient operation they have to act in a well coordinated manner. As a result, an efficient knowledge sharing between multiple participating parties of the healthgrid is required. The paper describes application of an earlier developed ontology-driven KSNet (Knowledge Source Network) - approach to knowledge repository support for healthgrids. This approach is based on representation of knowledge via ontologies using formalism of object-oriented constraint networks. Such representation makes it possible to define and solve various tasks from the areas of management, planning, configuration, etc., by using constraint solving engines such as, for instance, ILOG or CLP. The major discussed aspects cover the formalism of knowledge representation via ontologies and implementation of the approach as a decision support system for a case study from the area of health service logistics.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1991

[Prions and Trypanosoma as a source of knowledge of the brain].

Recent research on prions and trypanosomes is reviewed as they constitute examples of how infectious agents can cause degenerative diseases or functional disturbances in the nervous system. Prions are novel, transmissible pathogens causing degenerative diseases of the central nervous system both in humans and in animals. Kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker's (GSS) syndrome illustrate the acquired, sporadic and genetic manifestations of the human prion diseases, respectively. Prions are composed largely, if not entirely, of an abnormal isoform of the prion protein, which is a normal cellular protein occurring at high concentrations in the central nervous system. Specific mutations in the prion gene may cause the sporadic and hereditary human disease. S B Prusiner's group at the University of California has used genetic engineering techniques to recreate GSS syndrome by transplanting the mutated prion gene into mice in which the effects of the prion protein genes can then be studied. Trypanosomes are extracellular parasites which cause distinct functional disturbances of the nervous system, although they do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Factors are now being isolated in the interactions between the parasites and the immunesystem, and the effects of such factors on the functional properties of neurons are studied.

Animals↗