SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Lactose Tolerance Test”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

The status of lactose absorption in Hong Kong Chinese children.

Lactose malabsorption was investigated in 169 Chinese children aged between two and 16 years using the breath hydrogen test. The challenge was either lactose solution (1 g/kg) or cow's milk (10 ml/kg). Overall, 68% of the children showed a significant increase in breath hydrogen following the lactose challenge while only 17% showed an increase after the cow's milk challenge and 13% after both challenges. The number of malabsorbers increased significantly (p less than 0.001) with age and no associated gastrointestinal symptoms or signs were found in any of the children following the challenges, suggesting a gradual and partial loss of intestinal lactase activity. We conclude that the prevalence of lactose malabsorption in Hong Kong children is very high using the standard lactose tolerance test but when a more realistic amount of lactose and a natural medium such as a glass of milk is used as the challenge, the number of malabsorbers becomes small and clinically insignificant.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

Mucosal function and breath hydrogen excretion: comparative studies in the clinical evaluation of children with nonspecific abdominal complaints.

To evaluate the role of the lactose breath hydrogen test for the detection of lactose malabsorption in children with chronic nonspecific abdominal complaints, breath hydrogen excretion was measured in 131 children with recurrent abdominal pain (n = 75) or chronic nonspecific diarrhea (n = 56) following a lactose load (2 gm/kg; maximum 50 gm). The data were compared to those obtained from lactose tolerance tests (n = 113) and symptom response following a lactose load (n = 109) performed simultaneously with the lactose breath hydrogen test, and with results from small bowel biopsies obtained in 31 children to determine dissacharidase activity and mucosal histology. The results indicate that an increase in breath hydrogen of greater than 10 ppm above base line values (delta ppm) by 120 minutes ("early increase" response) completely discriminates between biopsy-proven isolated lactase-insufficient and lactase-sufficient children. A similar increase after 120 minutes ("late increase" response) is consistent both with normal mucosal function and partial lactase insufficiency due to mucosal injury. Breath hydrogen responses predicted assayed lactase activity in all patients with isolated lactase insufficiency, but were "falsely negative" in four of ten children whose lactase insufficiency was secondary to mucosal injury. In both clinical groups, lactose malabsorbers report significantly more symptoms than absorbers (P less than .001), but neither symptom reports nor tolerance tests are accurate methods for distinguishing lactose malabsorbers from absorbers. Although the lactose breath hydrogen test provides objective documentation of lactose malabsorption, it is equally predictive of assayed lactase activity in all clinical groups.

Abdomen↗

PubMed1977

Temproary intestinal lactase deficiency in light-treated jaundiced infants.

The intestinal lactase activity in six newborn jaundiced light-treated infants with diarrhea and in eight normal controls were compared by lactose tolerance test (LTT). The ability to hydrolyze lactose was minimal in the jaundiced infants during light-treatment compared to the controls which could absorb lactose very well. Peroral intestinal biopsies were taken from the newborn jaundiced infants during light-treatment. By histochemical technique no intestinal lactase activity was found in these intestines. When the jaundiced infants with diarrhea were given lactose-free diet, the stools normalized. The effect was reversed when breast milk was given while the baby was still jaundiced and light-treated. These findings indicate that the increased amounts of unconjugated bilirubin in the intestine of jaundiced infants during light-treatment inhibit the intestinal brush-border lactase. When the icterus fades the lactase is again active. The practical consequence is to give light-treated infants lactose-free diet if they get diarrhea, and to reintroduce breast milk or other lactose containing diet when the baby is no longer icteric.

Bilirubin↗

PubMed1982

Disaccharidase levels in iron deficient rats at birth and during the nursing and postweaning periods: response to iron treatment.

Newborn rats born to iron deficient mothers (IDM) were found to have significantly lower hemoglobin, sucrase, lactase and maltase levels compared to control newborn rats. Rats born to IDM and nursed by IDM, when sacrificed at 21 days of age, had statistically significantly lower hemoglobin, serum iron, sucrase, lactase and maltase levels compared to control rats. Rats born to IDM, but nursed by iron sufficient mothers (ISM) and sacrificed at 21 days of age, had hemoglobin, serum iron and sucrase levels compared to control rats whereas lactase and maltase were not corrected by 21 days of nursing by ISM. Rats burn to IDM and nursed by either IDM or ISM for 21 days were given intramuscular iron dextran and placed on iron sufficient diet (ISD) for 7 days. These animals experienced correction of the hemoglobin, serum iron, sucrase and maltase levels compared to control rats, whereas intestinal lactase was not corrected by 7 days of ISD and intramuscular iron. Rats born to ISM, nursed by IDM and sacrificed on day 21 had significantly lower hemoglobin, serum iron and intestinal lactase levels compared to control rats. Rats both to ISM and nursed by IDM were given intramuscular iron dextran on day 21 and placed on an ISD from day 21-28. These animals had a return in hemoglobin, serum iron, sucrase and maltase levels comparable to control rats. Rats born to and nursed by ISM and maintained on an iron deficient diet from day 21-84 had significantly lower hemoglobin, serum iron, sucrase, lactase and maltase levels compared to control rats. Rats born to and nursed by ISM, maintained on iron deficient diet from day 21-84, and then given intramuscular iron dextran on day 84 and maintained on an ISD until day 92, experienced correction of the hemoglobin, serum iron and lactase levels compared to control rats. Intramuscular iron and 7 days of ISD did not correct the sucrase and maltase levels in these rats. Lactose tolerance tests in iron deficient rats showed flat curves compared to controls. After iron treatment, lactose tolerance curves returned to control values. Iron deficiency in rats in utero, during the nursing and postweaning period causes, in addition to anemia, a reduction in jejunal disaccharidase activity because of an alteration in the enzymes of the brush border membrane. Varying degrees of reduction and response of certain disaccharidases to iron treatment are dependent on the time of iron deprivation in relationship to the intra-uterine and postnatal development of the digestive and absorptive functions in the small intestine. Alterations in the levels of disaccharidases demonstrated in this paper represents another aspect of the spectrum of biochemical effects of iron deficiency.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗

PubMed1990

[Hydrogen test: its diagnostic possibilities in intestinal diseases].

The determination of hydrogen in exhaled air by gas chromatography was used for investigation of patients with relapsing diarrhea of various genesis. An increased H level on an empty stomach, regarded as a sign of bacterial growth in the intestine, was detected in 45% of examines, mainly in celiac disease immunodeficiency, intestinal tuberculosis, diverticulosis, diabetic enteropathy, and erosive duodenitis. An increase in the H level in exhaled air after a lactose tolerance test (50 g of lactose) made it possible to diagnose lactose deficiency in 38% of patients with chronic relapsing diarrhea. In the irritable colon syndrome lactose deficiency was detected in 40% of patients.

Breath Tests↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Primary lactose malabsorption in healthy Brazilian adult caucasoid, negroid and mongoloid subjects].

A lactose tolerance test consisting of the administration of 50 g lactose as a 10% aqueous solution was applied to 80 healthy adult individuals from Campinas, SP., Brazil (40 caucasoids, 20 negroids and 20 mongoloids of Japanese ancestry) with no secondary lactase deficiency. Lactose malabsorption was manifested by 45% caucasoids, 85% negroids and 100% mongoloids. The lactose malabsorption as assessed by the lactose loading test was more closely associated with symptoms of lactose intolerance (cramps, meteorism and diarrhea) than with fecal alterations (acid pH, as well as detectable glucose and reducing substances in the feces).

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Double-blind study on the tolerance of four types of milk in lactose malabsorbers and absorbers.

Eighty Italian adults (53 females, 18-69 years, and 27 males, 18-60 years) underwent double-blind tests involving the intake of increasing amounts (125, 250, 500, 1000 ml/d) of four types of milk with normal or low lactose and/or fat content. The tests were completed satisfactorily by 71 subjects. Forty were lactose malabsorbers (LMs) and 31 were absorbers (LAs), according to a standard oral lactose tolerance test. Each subject reported on a questionnaire whether he/she experienced symptoms during the 24 h after milk intake, and the intensity of the symptoms, adopting a score of 0 to 12, according to an already tested procedure. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between lactose malabsorption or absorption and intolerance to milk in Italian adults, relative to lactose and fat contents, dose of milk and individual sensitivity. LMs reported symptoms overall more frequently and with greater intensity than LAs (P less than 0.001). The amount of milk ingested was positively associated with the frequency of symptoms both in LMs and LAs. Contrary to earlier findings, fat seemed to contribute to milk intolerance in LMs rather than to reduce it. According to analysis of variance individual differences accounted for 40 per cent of total variation in symptom frequency.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Lactose malabsorption in Bangladeshi village children: relation with age, history of recent diarrhea, nutritional status, and breast feeding.

The prevalence of lactose malabsorption (LM) among Bangladeshi village children has been determined using the recent developed breath hydrogen test. Initial hospital-based comparison studies showed general agreement between the breath hydrogen test and a modified lactose tolerance test. Two hundred thirty-four children, stratified by age, nutritional status, and history of recent diarrhea then participated in the field study. LM was diagnosed in more than 80% of children over 36 months of age but in none of the children under 6 months. Rates of LM were significantly increased in children with a history of recent diarrhea and a greater proportion of children in some age groups evidenced malabsorption in association with acute undernutrition. In the weanling age group children who were still breast feeding had a lower rate of LM than fully weaned subjects.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Laboratory evaluation of malassimilation in horses.

Malassimilation should be suspected in horses with weight loss in spite of a good appetite. Malassimilation is usually confirmed with oral glucose or D-xylose absorption tests, whereas the oral lactose tolerance test can be used to evaluate lactase deficiency in foals. Once malassimilation is confirmed, other diagnostic tests such as abdominocentesis, rectal mucosal biopsy, or exploratory laparotomy with intestinal biopsies may determine the etiology of malassimilation.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Effect of acetylsalicylic acid on symptoms and hydrogen excretion in the disaccharide tolerance test with lactose or lactulose.

Prostaglandins play a role in the pathogenesis of symptoms of food intolerance. An alleviation of lactose intolerance by premedication with the prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitor acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) has been reported. We studied the effect of 900 mg of ASA and of a glucose placebo on disaccharide intolerance symptoms and on breath hydrogen (H2) excretion in 16 healthy adult males 12 of whom were lactose malabsorbers and received 50 g of lactose 30 to 40 min after ASA; the remaining four were lactose absorbers and received 30 g of lactulose. Premedication with ASA had no significant effect on the severity and duration of intolerance symptoms and on the timing of H2 excretion. In contrast, the maximal breath H2 concentration and the total H2 excretion were significantly increased after ASA administration. We conclude that prostaglandins are of minor importance in causing the usually moderate symptoms of disaccharide intolerance. Prostaglandin-synthesis inhibition by ASA may reduce the motility of the colon thereby permitting more colonic gas (derived from unabsorbed carbohydrates) to be absorbed and excreted.

Aspirin↗

PubMed1984

Jejunal mucosa after leukemia treatment in children. Increase of crypt mitotic activity, decrease of intraepithelial lymphocytes and IgA-cells.

Nine children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission were studied at the end of their three years' maintenance therapy. In the jejunal biopsy specimens significantly fewer intraepithelial lymphocytes and IgA-cells were observed in the patients than in the controls. However, the crypts were deeper than normal, and the mitotic activity of the crypt cells was markedly increased in all of the patients. Three children presented with decreased epithelial disaccharidase activities. One had abnormal D-xylose test and two abnormal lactose tolerance test. Although weight gain did not differ from the normal, height increase was retarded in all but one of the patients. We conclude that leukemia treatment leads to changes in the intestinal mucosa that might in part contribute to impairment of growth in the patients and to suppression of mucosal immunity in their jejunum.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on the effect of penicillin, streptomycin and isonicotinic acid hydrazide on small intestinal oligosaccharidase.

Studies have been done on the effect of Penicillin, Streptomycin and Isonicotinic Acid hydrazide on small intestinal oligosaccharidase and it was observed that the drug penicillin inhibited the enzyme lactase and sucrase by 62.7% and 34.7% respectively, whereas I.N.H. inhibited the enzyme sucrase and maltase by 57.1% and 56.14% respectively. Streptomycin did not show any inhibitory effect on those enzymes. Lactose tolerance test showed impairment of lactose absorption in case of penicillin. Fasting serum sugar level was diminished both in penicillin and streptomycin and the absorption capacity was increased after oral administration of streptomycin.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

[Quantitative and qualitative determination of lactic acid in fecal filtrate in children].

The authors describe qualitative and quantitative methods for lactic acid assessment in children's feces. A total of 102 children with mainly lactose intolerance were examined. Benedict's test with feces filtrate, lactose tolerance test, and measurements of fecal carbohydrates were used in the diagnostic investigations. Mean lactic acid levels made up (mean +/- m) 33.3 +/- 3.6 mmol/l (6.3 +/- 1.0 in healthy infants on breast feeding and 6.0 +/- 1.3 mmol/l in those on mixed and formula feeding). Fecal carbohydrate levels were normal (below 5 g/l) in 12 infants, but lactic acid levels made up 67.8 +/- 6.1 mmol/l. Qualitative reaction to lactic acid in feces, starting from 44.4 mmol/l, was detected in 27% of infants. Differences in the values of healthy children and those with lactic carbohydrate intolerance were found significant (p < 0.001).

Child↗

PubMed1984

Lactose maldigestion in Ascaris-infected preschool children.

Two studies were conducted to investigate the contribution of Ascaris lumbricoides to lactose maldigestion in preschool children in two different communities in Panama where milk is available as a source of nutrients and the prevalence of Ascaris is known to be high. Both Ascaris-infected and uninfected children were given a standard lactose load and lactose absorption was studied by measuring the rise in plasma glucose in study 1 and by determination of breath hydrogen concentrations at regular intervals after ingestion of the test dose in study 2. All children were tested before anthelmintic treatment with levamisole and 3 wk after therapy. The mean rise in blood glucose from infected (n = 13) children 40 min after the ingestion of lactose was about half of that of the controls (n = 21). After deworming, lactose digestion improved in previously infected children. In study 2, significant differences in breath hydrogen concentrations postmilk ingestion were observed between the Ascaris-infected (n = 47) and the uninfected children (n = 35) before treatment. There was a substantial reduction of breath hydrogen after milk ingestion in the previously infected children after therapy. No differences were observed in breath hydrogen content of the uninfected children during the pre- and posttreatment phases of the study in the lactose tolerance test. These studies provide evidence that infection with Ascaris lumbricoides impairs lactose digestion in preschool children.

Ascariasis↗

PubMed1984

Prevalence of primary adult lactose malabsorption and awareness of milk intolerance in Italy.

A total of 308 healthy Italian adults (192 females, 116 males; mean age 29.2 yr) were examined using a field version of the lactose tolerance test with breath hydrogen determination. Two geographical groups were formed according to the birth places of the probands' grandparents: 208 subjects from northern Italy (mainly from the regions of Piemonte, Lombardia, and Veneto) and 100 probands from Sicily. Lactose malabsorption was diagnosed in 106 subjects in group "north" (51%) and in 71 subjects in group "Sicily" (71%). Awareness of milk intolerance was more frequent in lactose malabsorbers. The incidence of diarrhea after the test dose of lactose was significantly higher in "aware" lactose malabsorbers, when compared with persons of the same group who had not experienced milk intolerance. The significant difference in lactose malabsorption frequency between northern Italy and Sicily is further evidence of a north-south gradient of lactase gene frequencies in Europe.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Breath hydrogen test after oral lactose in postgastrectomy patients.

The purpose of this study was to compare breath hydrogen tests after oral lactose ingestion in nonoperated subjects and postgastrectomy patients. Simultaneous oral lactose tolerance tests and breath hydrogen tests were performed in 50 subjects. Twenty of the 30 subjects without prior gastric surgery had normal lactase activities and low breath hydrogen concentrations. The other 10 subjects had low lactase levels and increased breath hydrogen concentrations. The remaining 20 subjects had prior gastric surgery. Seven of these had normal lactase activities, no history of milk intolerance and low breath hydrogen concentrations. Two of the postgastrectomy patients had low intestinal lactases, milk intolerance, and high breath hydrogens. The remaining 11 postgastrectomy patients had normal intestinal lactases but high breath hydrogens. Eight of the 11 had milk intolerance while two of the other three had not consumed milk since childhood. From these studies the following conclusions can be reached: 1)a low lactose breath hydrogen test in the postgastrectomy subject correctly identifies the individual with normal lactase activity. However, high breath hydrogen responses, may be found in either those with lactase deficiency or normal lactase activity. 2) Lactose malabsorption would appear to explain the milk intolerance in the postgastrectomy patient with normal lactase activity.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of primary adult lactose malabsorption in Poland.

Lactose-absorption capacity was examined in 275 apparently healthy Polish adolescents and adults (214 females and 61 males with an average age of 29.1 years) using a field version of the lactose-tolerance test with breath hydrogen determination. In the total group, 172 lactose absorbers (62.5%) and 103 lactose malabsorbers (37.5%) were identified. Reported milk intolerance and symptoms of lactose intolerance were significantly more frequent in lactose malabsorbers. Subdivision according to the birthplaces of the probands' grandparents did not reveal significant regional differences. The unexpectedly high frequency of lactose malabsorption is further evidence for concentric genetic clines of lactase gene frequencies extending from southern Scandinavia, the area with the lowest observed frequencies of selective adult hypolactasia, to the south and the east.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

Prevalence of primary adult lactose malabsorption in three populations of northern China.

Lactose absorption capacity was examined in 641 apparently healthy adolescents and adults (447 males and 194 females with an average age of 22.9 years and an age range of 16-46 years) using a field version of the lactose tolerance test with breath hydrogen determination. In the total sample, 89 lactose absorbers and 552 lactose malabsorbers were identified. Lactose malabsorption was most frequent in a subgroup of Han (Chinese) from northeastern China (229 of 248 subjects, 92.3%). Among 198 Mongols from Inner Mongolia, there were 174 lactose malabsorbers (87.9%). The frequency of lactose malabsorption was lowest in a group of Kazakhs, traditional herders from the northwestern region of Xinjiang (149 of 195 subjects, 76.4%). Reported symptoms of lactose intolerance were significantly more frequent in lactose malabsorbers. The findings in northern Han are similar to the reported lactose malabsorption frequency in southern (mainly overseas) Chinese, and correspond with the absence of animal milk from traditional Chinese diets. The relatively low prevalence of lactose malabsorption among the Kazakhs suggests that lactose persistence may be frequent in herding pastoralist populations of southwest Asia.

Adolescent↗