SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Local anaesthesia”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Ambulatory sentinel node biopsy under local anaesthesia for patients with early breast cancer.

AIMS: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) may permit reliable identification of patients with axillary node involvement. The aim of this study was to report our experience with this procedure under local anaesthesia. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-two patients underwent a sentinel node procedure under local anaesthesia without sedation. The SLN was identified by (99m)Tc-nano-colloid and patent blue. Immediate histopathologic examination and immunohistochemistry was performed. Patients with positive SLNs proceded to axillary dissection under general anaesthesia. RESULTS: In all 162 patients the SLN ('s) were found using blue dye and gamma-probe. The SLN was positive in 55/162 patients (34%). Five of these were detected using immunohistochemistry only. CONCLUSIONS: A 100% detection rate of sentinel nodes in early breast cancer harvested under local anaesthesia was achieved without serious morbidity. This allows the surgeon to select preoperatively the treatment given to the patient.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Local anaesthesia for fibreoptic bronchoscopy: transcricoid injection or the "spray as you go" technique?

Local anaesthesia for fibreoptic bronchoscopy should be given by a safe technique that is not unpleasant to the patient and should provide acceptable conditions for the bronchoscopist. Single injection transcricoid local anaesthesia was compared with the "spray as you go" technique in patients having day case fibreoptic bronchoscopy. Patients were randomised to receive either 100 mg lignocaine by a single cricothyroid puncture or 240 mg lignocaine instilled through the bronchoscope under direct vision. Further doses were given by the operator to both groups as required. The 30 patients receiving transcricoid lignocaine coughed less (3.56 (SD 3.1) coughs/min) than the 32 patients receiving lignocaine through the bronchoscope (5.89 (4.8)/min) despite receiving a lower total dose of lignocaine (322 (25.9) v 451 (20.9) mg). Cricothyroid puncture was not associated with any complications and was not unpleasant for the patients.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1998

Amethocaine gel for percutaneous local anaesthesia.

Amethocaine gel is a recently developed formulation of amethocaine, designed to provide percutaneous local anaesthesia. Its pharmacological characteristics coupled with a phase-change gel formulation may confer therapeutic advantages over existing preparations. Percutaneous local anaesthesia has increasing relevance in analgesia for paediatric procedures and superficial surgical operations.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMed1999

Effects of pre-emptive local anaesthesia on tooth pulp deafferentation-induced neuroplastic changes in cat trigeminal brainstem neurones.

Previous work has shown increased excitability of brainstem neurones in the trigeminal (V) subnucleus oralis following the deafferentation produced by tooth-pulp removal. The present study was designed to determine if the changes in oralis neuronal properties seen in cats 1-2 wk after the deafferentation could be blocked by local anaesthesia of the Vth nerve proximal to the sites of pulp injury just before the actual deafferentation. The response properties of neurones recorded in V subnucleus oralis were determined in anaesthetized cats. One or two weeks before neuronal recording, the pulps of the posterior mandibular teeth were removed under local mandibular anaesthesia in one group of cats (group A) and without local anaesthesia in a second group (group B); a third group (group C) had no pulp removal but received local anaesthesia. Consistent with the earlier data, there was a significantly increased incidence of neurones having an enlarged mechanoreceptive field, spontaneous activity and habituating tap sensitivity in group B compared to group C, but no significant differences were found between the two deafferented groups (A and B). As local anaesthesia did not prevent the development of pulp deafferentation-induced changes in the oralis neurones, it is unlikely that an afferent barrage of impulses induced by the deafferentation procedure was responsible for the neuroplastic changes that subsequently developed in the V subnucleus oralis.

Anesthetics, Local↗

PubMed1991

Evaluation of students' performance in obtaining local anaesthesia in children.

This study was designed to determine the success of various local anaesthesia techniques as assessed by the presence or absence of pain during restorative procedures performed by senior undergraduate dental students in a pedodontic clinic. Data gathered from the treatment of 151 patients by 43 students recorded the frequency of pain complaints during procedures for which local anaesthesia had been employed. It was found that 73% of the administrations were successful. The proportion of children who complained of pain during the operative procedure was significantly higher in those with a previous history of a painful dental experience.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Transurethral injections under local anaesthesia for ambulatory treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women: indications, feasibility and results].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate feasibility and results of ambulatory transurethral injections of Macroplastique using the system MIS under local anaesthesia, for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have performed a prospective multicentre study which has enrolled 20 patients between January 2003 and May 2004. Mean age was 72.8 ans (range 40 to 91). Preoperative inclusion criterias were positive stress test, 24 hours PAD test more than 10 g and post-void residual less than 100 ml. Urethral hypermobility was present in 8 patients (42.1%), and 3 patients was diagnosed as intrinsic sphincter deficiency (16.7%) on urodynamics examination. Pre and post-operative evaluation of urinary symptoms and quality of life were performed with the MHU score (Mesure du Handicap Urinaire), the Ditrovie score and the Contilife scale. The Macroplastique implant (Uroplasty) contains silicone and a bioabsorbable gel. Injections were perfomed under the mid-urethral mucosa (2.5 ml at 6 hours and 1.25 ml at 2 and 10 hours) using the system MIS (Uroplasty). No cystoscopy was required and the mean operative time was 15 minutes. RESULTS: The procedure was feasible under pure local anaesthesia in all cases. No intra-operative complications occurred. Postoperative complications had included 2/19 local pain (10.5%), 3/19 minimal urethrorrhagia (15.8%) and 6/19 urinary retentions (31.6%), which were treated by heterologous intermittent catheterization during 3 to 20 days. Eight patients returned home the same day (42.1%). The mean hospital stay was 2.3 days. Mean postoperative follow-up was 8.3 months (range 2.7 to 19.1). No patient required a second injection. Results had shown a 36.9% success rate (7/19), 52.6% improvement (10/19) and 10.5% failure (2/19). At follow-up, stress test was negative in 66.7% of patients (12/18) and PAD test was<10 g in 66.7% (10/15). Modifications on maximal flow rate were non significant after injections. Postoperatively, all urinary symptoms were improved except nocturia and voiding difficulties. Quality of life was improved on all parameters. CONCLUSION: The surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence by transurethral injections of Macroplastique using the system MIS under local anaesthesia was feasible in all cases with a success or improvement rate of 89.5% at a mean follow-up of 8.3 months. Ambulatory treatment was compromised by the high rate of postoperative urinary retention (31.6%).

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Skin graft harvesting under local anaesthesia.

The paper compared three methods of local anaesthesia application used for taking dermoepidermal transplants. 1. Procaine injections: advantage: effectivity; disadvantage: lengthy procedure, uneven surface. 2. Freezing with Kelene: advantage: speed, no preparation needed, good effect; disadvantage: thicker grafts. 3. EMLA local application: advantage: effectiveness, simplicity; disadvantage: none This shows EMLA application as an optimum method. If anaesthesia without preparation needs to be applied quickly, it is advantageous to use Kelene. Undoubtedly, it is a question of the method of choice, standard usage as well as availability of the anaesthetic.

Anesthesia, Local↗

PubMed1996

Surgical treatment of cystic swellings of the scrotum under local anaesthesia.

Fifty-one patients underwent surgery for symptomatic epididymal cysts or hydroceles, using local anaesthesia with no sedation and no diathermy. Of the patients surveyed, 91% found the procedure comfortable or uncomfortable, 9% finding it painful. Most patients (89%) were fully recovered after 3 weeks. None of the patients had to have operative intervention for complications. Treatment of these conditions under local anaesthesia is cost-effective, and can be performed with the minimum of special equipment on patients who might otherwise be unfit for a general anaesthetic.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Studies on the duration of local anaesthesia: structure/activity relationships in a series of homologous local anaesthetics.

When the number of carbon atoms on the piperidine-nitrogen of the mepivacaine molecule was increased up to four or five carbons, the toxicity of the compounds and the duration of their local anaesthetic effects were increased. With longer N-alkyl-chains, the general toxicity and the local anaesthetic potency - but not the tissue toxicity - were reduced. In dental infiltration anaesthesia only the short-chain compounds offered an acceptable local anaesthesia. In these tests, the medium-chain compounds had a very unfavourable quotient between dental anaesthesia and soft tissue anaesthesia, while the long-chain compounds could not be tested at all in man because of their tissue irritating properties.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Local anaesthesia for 1221 vitreoretinal procedures.

BACKGROUND: Vitreoretinal (VR) surgery has been increasingly performed under local anaesthesia (LA) in this unit. The results of an audit monitoring this change are presented. METHODS: Data were collected on 1497 patients including type, volume, and position of the anaesthetic block, type of surgery, complications, and patient reactions. RESULTS: 1221/1479 (82%) patients had LA. They were older than those having general anaesthesia (GA) 63.5 years v 45.9 years; 146 (10.6%) blocks were intracone, 130 (10.6%) peribulbar, and 927 (75.9%) combined. Operations included 436 vitrectomies, 545 retinopexy with or without vitrectomy, and 238 buckling procedures. Some pain was felt by 9.4%, 8.8%, and 19.7% of patients during vitrectomy, retinopexy with or without vitrectomy, and buckling surgery respectively. CONCLUSION: Local anaesthesia for VR surgery is well tolerated by patients, being effective throughout longer and more stimulating ocular surgery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Behavioural responses of calves to amputation dehorning with and without local anaesthesia.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the pain elicited by amputation dehorning and evaluate the effect of local anaesthesia by using changes in calf behaviour. METHODS: The behaviour of 6-month-old Friesian calves (n = 60), subjected to control handling, dehorned or dehorned after local anaesthesia treatment, was monitored in this study. The proportion of calves displaying particular behaviours was recorded using instantaneous scan sampling during the first 10 h and between 26 and 29 h after treatment. RESULTS: The three behaviours of tail flicking, head shaking and ear flicking displayed similar features with time according to treatment and appeared to occur in an inverse relation to rumination. Dehorned calves were highly restless for the first 6 h after treatment. A significantly greater proportion of them displayed tail flicking, head shaking and ear flicking than the control calves, which, by contrast, stood still and ruminated (P < 0.05). The behaviour of calves given local anaesthetic prior to dehorning was similar to that of the control calves for the first 2 h. Thereafter the proportion of calves displaying tail flicking, head shaking and ear flicking increased, rumination decreased, and the behaviour was similar to that of the dehorned calves. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that dehorning is a painful experience that lasts about 6 h and that local anaesthetic alleviates that pain during its period of action. It is recommended that local anaesthetic be administered when conducting amputation dehorning.

Anesthesia, Local↗

PubMed1997

Middle ear surgery under local anaesthesia and sedation.

BACKGROUND: Middle ear surgical procedures such as myringoplasty, stapedectomy and tympanolasty are traditionally performed under general anaesthesia, with induced hypotension. METHODS: We performed middle ear surgery in 73 patients, without induced hypotension, under local anaesthesia with sedation, and assessed feasibility, safety and acceptability. RESULTS: The operating conditions achieved were good and the complications were minor. None required conversion to general anaesthesia. CONCLUSION: Middle ear surgery under local anaesthesia and sedation is safe and feasible. Prospective trials are needed to fully assess the advantages of this technique over general anaesthesia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Local anaesthesia outside the operating room.

An increasing number of minor surgical procedures are performed under local anaesthesia in clinical settings outside the operating room, where monitoring and resuscitation equipment--as well as personnel skilled in resuscitation--may not be readily available. Serious adverse effects and even fatalities may result from the use of local anaesthetic agents, arising from a variety of causes such as systemic toxicity, allergy, vasovagal syncope, and reaction to additives present in the local anaesthetic. This article briefly reviews the pharmacology of local anaesthetic agents, and describes various techniques commonly used for local anaesthesia, with special emphasis on safety. Clinical features of toxicity, and its differential diagnosis and management, are also discussed.

Anesthesia, Local↗

PubMed2003

[Sterilization for women using a hysteroscopy technique under local anaesthesia].

OBJECTIVES: and methods The July 2001 law allows capable and consenting adult women to be sterilized after a period of reflection of 4 months and signature of an informed consent formula. The first French study on hysteroscopic tubular sterilization under local anaesthesia using expanding titanium, steel and nickel implants, is reported. RESULTS: From February to October 2002, 25 women, with a mean age of 40 years, having conceived 2 or more children, benefited from this technique. The duration of the surgical procedure was a mean of 26 minutes (range: 16 to 57 minutes). In 2 women presenting with uterus retroversion, catheterisation of the fallopian tubes was impossible. Local anaesthesia was only used in 15 women, and led to the reduction in the number of days of hospitalisation. CONCLUSION: This pilot study confirms the feasibility of trans-cervical sterilization of women under local anaesthesia.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Simultaneous repair of bilateral groin hernias using local anaesthesia: a review of 199 cases with a five-year follow-up.

BACKGROUND: There has been controversy concerning the simultaneous repair of bilateral groin hernias and the method of anaesthesia. METHODS: A consecutive series of 199 bilateral inguinal hernias was repaired by the Lichtenstein non-tension mesh technique over a two-year period (1997-98). In 96% of them local anaesthesia was used. These were reviewed after five years. RESULTS: There were no increased recurrence or infection rates, with both between 0.5-1%. Pulmonary and urinary complications did not occur. The cost of this technique is substantially less than sequential or laparoscopic operations. DISCUSSION: The reasons advanced for sequential repair of bilateral hernias have been the lower risks of infection and recurrence. Neither of these fears is evident from this study. Furthermore, the use of local anaesthesia permits the operation to be done in a day care clinic. CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous bilateral repair of inguinal hernias using local anaesthesia is as effective as sequential repair, at lower cost and with less total time off work.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Analogic evaluation of pain during inguinal hernioplasty under local anaesthesia.

OBJECTIVE: The authors evaluate intraoperative pain in patients undergoing tension-free inguinal hernioplasty under local anaesthesia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and fourteen primary inguinal hernia repairs were carried out at the Department of General Surgery I of Catania University Polyclinic from January to September 2002. 2% Mepivacaine cloridrate was the local anesthetic of choice. Intraoperative pain was measured by a visual analog scale. RESULTS: A mean analogic score of 1.9 (range 0-2.9) was obtained. Intraoperative complications were recorded only in 2 patients (1.7%). There was no operative mortality. All patients were up and about straightaway after surgery, had a light meal two hours later and were discharged within one day of operation. CONCLUSIONS: Inguinal hernia repair under local anaesthesia is well tolerated and is associated with a low risk of complications.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Patient and hospital benefits of local anaesthesia for carotid endarterectomy.

OBJECTIVES: this study reviews and compares carotid endarterectomy (CEA) performed under local anaesthesia (LA) with CEA performed under general anaesthesia (GA) in a single institution. METHODS: data were collected prospectively from 240 CEA procedures. 140 GA CEA procedures are compared to 100 LA CEA procedures in terms of outcome, operative techniques, complications, and length of stay. RESULTS: the groups were similar for age, gender distribution and preoperative risk factors. There were more asymptomatic patients in the LA group. There were no significant differences in death, stroke or death/stroke rate between the two techniques. LA CEA was associated with lower shunt rate (LA 13%, GA 50%, p < 0.001), lower incidence of intraoperative hypotension (LA 8%, GA 40%, p < 0.001), decreased hospital stay (median (IQ); LA 2 (1-2), GA 3 (1-4), and a cost saving of pound235 per CEA procedure. CONCLUSIONS: carotid endarterectomy can be performed safely under local anaesthesia with the advantage that LA CEA enables the surgeon to monitor and selectively shunt patients more accurately. In addition LA CEA is associated with a shorter hospital stay and important cost savings.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Ligmaject system for local anaesthesia in otology.

The Ligmaject syringe for local anaesthetic injection incorporates a pistol-grip handle and a ratchet system designed to inject a very tiny aliquot of anaesthetic per 'click'. This instrument was used to provide local anaesthesia for 22 otological procedures on consenting adults. The performance of the Ligmaject syringe compared favourably with that of the conventional dental syringe in terms of patient acceptability and user convenience.

Adult↗