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PubMedDate not supplied

Desmosomes and microvilli mean a lot: diagnosis of neoplasms of unknown origin using electron microscopy.

Neoplasms of unknown origin present a difficult diagnostic dilemma, particularly if they are very poorly differentiated. Adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, melanomas, lymphomas, and sarcomas can all be very difficult to diagnose if the light microscopic cytomorphology is sufficiently undifferentiated. Electron microscopy (EM) can either demonstrate differentiation or narrow the range of differential diagnoses. The authors report the case of a 64-year-old male who has been HIV positive for several years and was found to have expansile lytic lesions in several ribs and a thumb fracture associated with a soft tissue mass which was biopsied. The tumor was composed of very pleomorphic malignant cells without specific differentiation. The malignant cells stained positive for pancytokeratin (AE 1/3), EMA, CEA, CK20, and CK7. Rare cells had mucicarmine-positive intracytoplasmic droplets. They were negative for S-100, calretinin, CD45, MART-1, and vimentin. EM revealed intracytoplasmic lumina with long microvilli and many well-formed desmosomal junctions. The diagnosis was initially very broad. Immunohistochemistry narrowed the diagnosis to carcinoma, but EM alone was able to narrow the diagnosis to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. In a neoplasm of unknown origin, EM can either narrow the differential significantly or, in the case of limited material, provide information that otherwise may not be attainable.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical usefulness of immunocytochemical and genetic-molecular investigations in diagnosis of neoplasms of organs of sight].

AIM: To determine the usefulness of immunocytochemical (icch) and genetic-molecular (g-m) investigations in diagnosing neoplasm cases of eye, eye socket and eyeball, and to determine how far these investigations precise the diagnosis made using other methods. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: 38 patients with neoplasm cases of eye, eye socket and eyeball were examined, performing routine ophthalmological examinations and auxiliary examinations such as USG, TK, roentgenography. Material for the cytological examination, icch and g-m, was obtained by way of fine needle biopsy (bac) in 18 patients with tumor of eye socket, conjunctiva or eyelid and in 1 patient with intraocular tumour. In the remaining patients with intraocular tumours print smears after eyeball removal were made. RESULTS: 100% conformability of cytological diagnoses, supplemented with icch evaluation, with the final diagnosis was found. The g-m examination made in 2 cases of lymphoma confirmed the clonal nature of the hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Icch examinations make possible the diagnosis in cytological smear of histological type of mature and low-differentiated neoplasms. In tumours of eye and eye socket cases the diagnosis thus made allows to take a decision on conservative or operative therapy. In intraocular examinations these examinations find applications in diagnostically especially difficult cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Fine-needle aspiration cytology and the diagnosis of neoplasms in the pediatric age group.

Sixty-six aspirates obtained from 63 pediatric patients clinically suspected of having small cell malignancies were studied by a variety of techniques to determine the accuracy and utility of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in the diagnosis of small round-cell neoplasms (SRCN) of childhood. FNA correctly identified all 47 SRCNs as malignant and gave a correct specific diagnosis in 81% of the cases. No false-positive diagnoses of malignancy occurred in this series. Electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and cell culture performed on FNA material were found to be useful aids in the differential diagnosis of these tumors. The cytologic appearances and differential diagnoses of these neoplasms are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[A contribution to the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of bladder neoplasms by means of immunological methods].

According to the present examinations it is pretty probable that already in early histological forms of the carcinoma of the urinary bladder the EM-test is able to indicate immunologically malignity, i.e. that the papillary non-infiltrating carcinoma of the transitional cell as well as the carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder (23) also immunologically behave like tumors of the bladder. In differential-diagnostic questions concerning the organ localisation of the primary tumor the EM-test seems to give valuable references. Histologically not unequivocally malignant tumors of the bladder with positive results in the EM-test should be submitted to an exacter examination and control.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Radiological diagnosis of neoplasms of the small intestine (personal contribution on 60 cases)].

The authors reviewed critically the radiologic diagnosis and the investigation methods (plain abdomen, barium follow-through, small bowel enema, angiography, lymphography, abdomen c.t.), of 60 patients operated for small bowel tumors, either benign or malignant. They compare the radiologic diagnosis with the surgical findings and discuss the validity of the different methods on the basis of the results obtained.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1984

The importance of endoscopy in the diagnosis of neoplasms associated with diverticular disease of the colon, and its effect on surgical treatment.

The results of fibercolonoscopy performed in 149 patients with clinical and or X-ray appearances of diverticular disease are reported. Examination could not be completed in 16 per cent of patients because of impassable strictures in the left colon. Concurrent lesions were diagnosed in 69 per cent, and carcinoma was found in 6 per cent. The respective role of endoscopy and radiology are compared in the diagnosis of polyps, strictures, and cancer, coexisting with diverticulosis. It is concluded that colonoscopy is always indicated in diverticulosis with symptoms because it often provides a precise differential diagnosis thus obviating useless operations. Surgery is essential when impassable strictures prevent colonoscopy because the underlying conditions always require surgical treatment.

Colon↗