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Results for “Necrobiotic Disorders”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed2004

Testicular cellular toxicity of cadmium : transmission electron microscopy examination.

It is clear that environmental heavy metals influence life systems and reproductive system. In the present study histological investigation revealed that cadmium was testicular toxicant in mice. Here we compared the fine-structure of spermatogenesis in two groups of mice (SWR), experimental and control. The experimental group underwent cadmium ingestion at 1 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks. The control group underwent ingestion of distilled water with equal dosages, using the same type of injectors, for 4-weeks. After cadmium exposure period both control and experimental groups were killed and samples of the testes were processed for microscopic examination. Ultra sections were examined and photographed by Transmission Electron Microscope (JEOL- 100SX) at 80KV. Ultrastructure examination revealed, vascular endothelial, interstitial, and sertoli cells damages. Early impairments of germinal cellular differentiation resulted in deformations in all parts of late spermatid. There were dislocation of accrosomal granules, nuclear damage associated with chromatin heterogeneity, detached spermatid from the apical process of sertoli cell, disarrangement of the mitochondria, abnormal oriented tail piece, and abnormal microtubules complex. These ultra morphological abnormalities relate to cell injury and to the resulting physiological abnormality, necrobiosis. Based on the results of this investigation it can be concluded that cadmium ingestion at 1000 microg/kg caused testicular toxicity and abnormalities in early sperm development.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma associated with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Palliative treatment with carbon dioxide laser.

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) with paraproteinemia is a rare non-x histiocytosis with conspicuous lesions mainly located on the periorbital skin. A 68-year-old woman, with a previous history of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma associated with IgG monoclonal gammopathy over a period of almost 4 years, presented typical lesions of NXG on the periorbital regions and left buttock. Treatment with dioxide carbon laser resulted in great improvement of cutaneous lesions, and no evidence of relapse after a 12-month follow-up. The association of NXG with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma has not been previously described to our knowledge. The treatment of these lesions represents a true challenge for the clinician and palliative treatment of cutaneous lesions of NXG with CO(2) laser may constitute an alternative treatment in selected cases.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma-rapid progression under treatment with melphalan.

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma is a systemic disease associated in most cases with monoclonal paraproteinaemia. Although the causative role of the paraproteinaemia is supposed, the pathogenesis of this disease remains unknown. We report a 65-year-old woman with a 28-year history of disseminated indurated plaques involving her face, trunk and extremities. Since 1994 an IgG kappa paraproteinaemia was present. Current biopsies showed typical histological features of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma. We treated this extraordinary widespread condition with melphalan and prednisolone. Although the serum levels of IgG kappa light chains and gamma globulins decreased, the cutaneous plaques extended rapidly in size and number, which casts doubt on the causative significance of the paraproteinaemia in the pathogenesis of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma. The paraproteinaemia in patients with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma may rather reflect a secondary phenomenon than the originating cause. Pathogenetic and therapeutical concepts based thereon that have been proposed so far should be critically reconsidered.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma.

A 67-year-old man presented with a 13-year history of slowly enlarging yellow-red plaques on the face and lower extremity. A biopsy specimen was consistent with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma. Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma is a slowly progressive histiocytic disease that is associated with paraproteinemia in most cases; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Although there is no first-line therapy, anecdotal reports have shown variable benefit with chemotherapeutic agents.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma of the chest wall.

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma is a rare disease that usually presents with indurated yellow red nodules or plaques in the dermis or subdermal tissues. The pathogenesis of this disease is unknown and the limited number of cases has made long-term studies difficult. We report the case of a 61-year-old woman seen in our office for a 5 x 5-cm lesion of her chest wall. Biopsies established a diagnosis of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma. The patient received 4 months of intralesional steroid injections without change in the lesion. The patient was also treated with colchicine for several months without improvement. Therefore, the lesion was surgically excised and the area was reconstructed with local advancement skin flaps. The patient has been followed for 2 years with no evidence of recurrence.

Female↗

PubMed1995

[A necrobiotic nodule indistinguishable from lung adenocarcinoma].

A 43-year-old woman was referred for examination because of an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray film. She had a 12-year history of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. Chest X-ray films and CT scans showed a pleurabased solitary nodule without a cavity. Cytological examination of a transbronchial biopsy specimen did not lead to a diagnosis, so thoracoscopic enucleation was performed. Histologically, the nodule consisted of lymphocytes and fibroblasts surrounding a central necrotic area, which indicated that it was a rheumatoid nodule. This solitary necrobiotic nodule was radiographically indistinguishable from lung adenocarcinoma, so histologic confirmation was necessary.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The pathomorphological characteristics of the early necrobiosis of the myelokaryocytes in an acute radiation lesion].

The histology, histochemistry, and electron-microscopy techniques used in the experiments on rats exposed to external gamma irradiation (9 Gy, LD100/30) showed that the early radiation-induced death of hemopoietic cells of the bone marrow (so-called early necrobiosis) is accounted for by apoptosis. A probable biological significance of the discovered phenomenon is discussed.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2002

[Clinical and structural parallels in changes of the myocardial conduction system in diphtheria patients].

AIM: Comparison of the results of clinical device investigations of the heart with morphological autopsy evidence in diphtheria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Hearts of 309 patients with diphtheria aged 25 to 80 years and 60 hearts of patients who died of diphtheria were investigated using ECG, echo-CG, doppler echo-CG, Holter ECG monitoring, biochemical tests of blood. Structural study of cardiac conduction included examination of the sinus-atrial node, atrioventricular node and bundle regarding the adjacent myocardium. RESULTS: Variants of structural-functional state of the myocardium and conduction system are explained by variability of the pathological processes which arose due to individual features of the conduction system structure and location, relationships with the myocardium. In acute diphtheria (day 1-10) dystrophic, necrobiotic and vascular disorders prevailed followed on days 11-30 by inflammation ending in myocardiosclerosis. Nodes and bundles of the conduction system are affected less frequently than the myocardium. CONCLUSION: A correlation exists between structural state of the cardiac conduction system and variants of clinical affection of the heart in diphtheria.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma associated with a benign monoclonal gammopathy.

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) is a disorder characterized by indurated, yellow-red nodules or plaques, primarily involving the face and, less frequently, the trunk and extremities. NXG may be associated with paraproteinemia, multiple myeloma, and hypertension. Histologically, xanthogranulomatous features with hyaline necrosis or necrobiosis are present. No first-line treatment has been established. This disease is a chronic process, and a patient's prognosis depends on the degree of extracutaneous involvement and the presence of visceral malignancies. We describe a patient with typical cutaneous and histologic findings of NXG with an associated monoclonal gammopathy.

Biopsy, Needle↗

PubMed1998

[Necrobiotic xanthogranulomatosis: a cutaneous manifestation of a monoclonal IgM gammopathy].

INTRODUCTION: Necrobiotic xanthogranulomatosis is a rare cutaneous disorder usually associated with monoclonal gammopathy. Most frequently, cutaneous lesions involve the face (periorbital region) and the trunk, and are characterized by indurated xanthomatous plaques and nodules. EXEGESIS: We describe a patient presenting with necrobiotic xanthogranulomatosis that was unusual, as it was associated with IgM kappa monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined clinical significance and because no periorbital involvement was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Necrobiotic xanthogranulomatosis should be distinguished from other cutaneous manifestations associated with plasma cell dyscrasias, such as normolipemic plane xanthoma. It can be associated with IgM gammopathy.

Cryoglobulinemia↗

PubMed1983

Cutaneous histiocytosis X. The presence of S-100 protein and its use in diagnosis.

The cellular localization of glial S-100 protein was investigated in paraffin-embedded sections of cutaneous histiocytosis X and in a variety of cutaneous infiltrative disorders, including juvenile xanthogranuloma, necrobiotic xanthogranuloma, papular xanthoma, eruptive histiocytoma, and reticulohistiocytosis. Immunoperoxidase staining with a rabbit anti-calf brain-S-100 antibody demonstrated strong and consistent activity in atypical histiocytes in all histiocytosis X specimens. No detectable S-100 protein was demonstrated in either histiocytes or giant cells in the non-X histiocytic disorders investigated. Positive controls were included within both groups of disorders in respect to melanocyte, epidermal Langerhans' cell, and dermal Schwann's cell staining. These findings are interpreted as evidence for diversity in the mononuclear phagocyte system and demonstrate the practicality of such a simple test in diagnostic problems involving infiltrative histiocytic disorders of the skin.

Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell↗

PubMed1976

[Several clinic-morphologic aspects and problems concerning the pathogenesis of the Marchiafava-Miche li syndrome (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria].

The authors present a broad pathoanatomic picture and concise clinical-laboratory characteristics of Marchiafava-Micheli's disease on the basis of their studies of case record date of 31 patients, data of 13 autopsies and findings of 27 treanobiopsies. Changes in the organs observed in Marchiafava-Micheli's disease were first of all morphological manifestations of massive intravascular hemolysis and associated with latter complications The most characteristic pathoanatomic feature was changes in the bone marrow which manifested themselves in hyperplasis of nuclear forms of the red series and in drastically pronounced disorders of the microcirculation. Necrobiotic changes in the kidney accompanied by massive hemosiderosis, dystrophic changes in the liver with the development of cirrhosis, inhibition of lymphopoiesiis in the spleen and lymph nodes were detected most often...

Biopsy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Bilateral necrobiotic xanthogranuloma of the eyelids with associated paraproteinemia: Case report and review of literature].

BACKGROUND: Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma is a rare disorder which predominantly affects the periorbital region and is frequently associated with paraproteinemia and lymphoproliferative diseases. PATIENT AND METHODS: A 49-year old woman presented with bilateral, yellowish, subcutaneous lesions involving all four eyelids. These lesions have developed over the last year. Additionally, similar skin lesions developed on the trunk and the lower extremities. Two years ago, the patient had a bilateral episcleritis. An incisional biopsy was taken form the lesion. In addition, we reviewed the literature concerning similar cases. RESULTS: Histologic examination revealed a granulomatous process consisting of histiocytes, foamy cells, multinucleated giant cells (touton- and foreign body-type) and associated with necrobiotic collagen and cholesterol clefts. General examination revealed the presence of a paraproteinemia of the IgG-typ associated with a hyperlipidemia. The patient was treated with a low dose chemotherapy which resulted in improvement of signs and symptoms. We could identify in the literature 75 similar cases. The mean age of those patients was 53 years. CONCLUSION: The clinical and histologic findings in our patient were typical for a necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with associated paraproteinemia. The most favorable treatment response has been reported with low doses of systemic administered chemotherapeutic agents in combination with radiation therapy; however, the mortality due to underlying diseases is high.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1988

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma: a case without paraproteinemia but with transepithelial elimination.

We report a female patient, now aged 60, followed for 20 years for lesions originally diagnosed as necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum. In fact, the anatomical and clinical features of her disorder correspond to the new entity described as necrobiotic xanthogranuloma. Two elements distinguish this from earlier cases: 1) two examinations failed to reveal paraproteinemia; 2) there was transepithelial elimination of cholesterol crystals and degenerated xanthomatous cell debris via hair follicles. This demonstrates the characteristic histology of the disorder and indicates that the diagnosis of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma should be considered even in the absence of paraproteinemia.

Cholesterol↗

PubMed1975

[Smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels and internal organs of the vertebrates in normal and pathologic states].

The article presents a review of present day literature data on the structure of the smooth-muscle cells of vertebrates in the norm and pathology. The smooth-muscle cells of blood vessels and internal organs of vertebrates possess a contractile apparatus the same as in striated muscle and are characterized by two main functions: contractile and synthetical. The latter manifests itself in the capability of the muscle cells to synthesize all the components of the interstitial matter. General pathology of the smooth muscle includes disorders of ultracirculation, metabolic disturbances, necrobiotic changes and necrosis of the muscle cells, compensatory-adaptive processes predominantly of the type of hyperplastic-hypertrophic reaction and regeneration.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Case of recalcitrant necrobiotic xanthogranuloma.

A 53-year-old woman with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma presented as infiltrated eyelid plaques, with later development of arm and thigh lesions. Clinical features, including association with immunoglobulin G-kappa paraprotein, and pathological findings were typical of this disorder. Treatment for 15 months with varying combinations of prednisone and multiple chemotherapeutic agents (melphalan, cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil) has led to minimal or no improvement in the clinical lesions or paraprotein. The case demonstrates some of the difficulties in managing this unusual disorder.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗

PubMed1991

[Structural changes in the kidneys in myocardial infarct].

The structural changes of kidneys in myocardial infarction patients were investigated by histological, histochemical and histometric methods. Results indicate that the kidneys of these patients showed dystrophic, necrobiotic and necrotic changes related to disorders of both general and intrarenal hemodynamics.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma: long-term outcome of ocular and systemic involvement.

PURPOSE: To report long-term outcomes of patients with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma, to investigate the propriety of therapeutic surgical excision or debulking, and to study tissue specimens by immunoperoxidase staining and in situ hybridization. METHODS: Medical records of all patients at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma between 1980 and 1997 were reviewed. A follow-up letter was sent to each patient inquiring about the current status of the lesions, the treatment regimen, and associated systemic diseases. RESULTS: The average age (+/- standard deviation) of the 15 men and 11 women was 56.8 +/- 14.8 years. Of the 26 patients, 21 (81%) had lesions of the ocular adnexa. Ulceration of the lesions occurred in 11 patients (42%). The lesions recurred after surgical removal in 11 patients (42%) and on prior incision sites from unrelated operations in three patients (12%). The average duration of follow-up from the appearance of characteristic skin lesions was 10 +/- 6.1 years. Four patients had multiple myeloma, five had a plasma cell dyscrasia, and one had a lymphoproliferative disorder during this period. Time to development of associated malignancy ranged from 8 years before the skin lesions to 11 years after the skin lesions. Overall survival was 100% at 10 years and 90% at 15 years (95% confidence limit, 0.73 to 1.00). Immunoperoxidase stains demonstrated that most histiocytes are not of Langerhans cell lineage. Monoclonal immune globulins were not identified in tissue specimens. CONCLUSION: Care of patients with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma should include avoidance of surgical removal, if possible, and lifelong follow-up to detect the development of associated malignancy.

Adult↗