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Results for “Neoplastic Cells, Circulating”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Anaesthetic management of a patient with the intracardiac extension of Wilms' tumour.

Summary Wilms' tumour (nephroblastoma) is known to invade the inferior vena cava and extend to the intracardiac chambers. We describe the treatment and surgical removal of the intracardiac extension of a Wilms' tumour using cardiopulmonary bypass in a 4-year-old girl. Techniques to avoid paradoxical embolism in the presence of a patent foramen ovale and to deal with excessive hepatic venous blood flow using the Pringle manoevre (hepatic inflour occlusion) are described. Good communication between anaesthesiologists, surgeons and perfusionists was indispensable. The anaesthesiologist is an important member of the team during performance of a complicated procedure.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1990

[Alternative chemotherapy of malignant bone neoplasms in children].

The authors propose alternative chemotherapy of osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma in children. The aim of this proposal was elaboration of effective and, at the same time, less expensive and less toxic therapeutic regimens. The authors recommend open surgical biopsy with doxorubicin for 3 consecutive days as a protection against the released circulating neoplastic cells. After completion of histopathologic examination, one of two types of chemotherapy is chosen randomly. In osteosarcoma, there was induction chemotherapy for 4 or 9 weeks (according to the type of operation--conservative amputation or limb salvage surgery). In the I type of induction chemotherapy, high doses of methotrexate with vincristine and citrovorum factor rescue are administrated weekly, in the II type--the combination of BCD (bleomycin, cytoxan, actinomycin D) and CDDP (cisplatin). On the regimen of intensification chemotherapy decides the degree of tumour response to induction chemotherapy assessed as tumour necrosis in histopathologic examination. Maintenance chemotherapy is the same in two types of regimen and is continued for the period up to 2 years. The authors elaborated concomitantly the regimen of high methotrexate doses administration with rescue procedure in the case of elevated serum methotrexate levels, and regimen of cisplatin administration aiming at maximal patients protecting against the toxic effects of both drugs. In Ewing's sarcoma the randomisation differentiates between T-9 Rosen's regimen of chemotherapy and own modification of Memphis group regimen. The primary tumour is treated by radiotherapy with lower doses adjusted to the tumor response to induction chemotherapy (30-50 Gy or 50 Gy) and the irradiation port limited to the residual bone lesion plus a 2-3 centimeter margin. Surgical excision of bone with tumor depends on special tumor localisation as the clavicula, rib or fibula. The results of discussed treatment regimens will be subsequently published.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

Immune T cells reactive against human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus.

Six patients with malignant disorders associated with human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV) were studied to see whether long-term cultures of immune T cells reactive against HTLV-infected tumour cells could be achieved. Immune T-cell lines could not be developed from the cells of five patients who died or eventually had a relapse of disease, but in one patient who had an unusually long remission of his disease after therapy, immune T-cell lines were propagated that could produce their own T-cell growth factor and proliferate upon stimulation with autologous tumour cells and also specifically lyse HTLV-infected target cells. These immune T cells recognised the presence of circulating HTLV-bearing neoplastic cells in another patient with HTLV-associated T-cell leukaemia, who had been in clinical remission after chemotherapy when this study started, thereby providing early evidence of relapse.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1997

[Molecular staging of prostatic cancer].

Despite the improvement current evaluation techniques, approximately 30% of prostatic cancers clinically localized to the gland are understaged. RT-PCR is a sensitive and specific screening method for circulating prostatic cells, proposed as a molecular staging tool. The results obtained with this method and reported in the literature are critically discussed. These results, concerning the detection of circulating PSA- or PSMA-positive prostatic cells, are only indicative, as none of the teams used the same method. No consensus has been reached concerning the equipment used, the choice of oligonucleotide primers, the number of cycles to be applied or even the type of method, classical or "nested". Another possible application of this method is early detection of circulating prostatic cells, possibly neoplastic, during the follow-up of patients treated by radical prostatectomy. Once again, the results of the literature are contradictory. The reliability and reproducibility of molecular biology techniques in routine practice must therefore be demonstrated before these techniques can influence the therapeutic decision concerning prostatic cancer.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

The role of adhesion molecules in multiple myeloma.

The neoplastic plasma cells of multiple myeloma differ from normal plasma cells and other B-cell malignancies by an almost exclusive homing to the bone marrow microenvironment which clearly provides the appropriate support, both physical and cytokine, to mediate clonal proliferation and terminal differentiation. Cellular adhesion molecules are involved in the homing of malignant plasma cells to the bone marrow, the production of growth factors and the recirculation of these tumour cells in the advanced stages of disease. Neoplastic plasma cells express H-CAM (CD44), VLA-4 (CD49d/CD29), ICAM-1 (CD54), N-CAM (CD56) and LFA-3 (CD58). In addition VLA-5 (CD49e/CD29) expression seems to be related to cells with less proliferative potential and more potential for paraprotein production. In addition there are fundamental changes in the bone marrow stroma of patients with multiple myeloma including altered composition of the extracellular matrix, increased growth capability of the cellular elements and increased synthesis of interleukin-6 and interleukin-3, which are features postulated to localise and promote growth of the circulating neoplastic progenitors in the bone marrow. However, the evidence to date does not fully explain the inter-relationship of the clonal B cells and the bone marrow stroma in patients with myeloma, including factors which trigger and facilitate the extravasation and recirculation of neoplastic plasma cells as seen in advanced disease.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1991

A clonal CD4-positive T-cell line established from the blood of a patient with Sézary syndrome.

The reported inability to establish long-term T-cell lines from the blood of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma patients with circulating neoplastic T cells has hindered the development of an in vitro system to investigate Sézary syndrome. We have established a rapidly proliferating T-cell line from the peripheral blood of a patient with Sézary syndrome, which expresses a mature helper T-cell phenotype and contains cytogenetic abnormalities and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements identical to those in the patient's blood. The method of establishment and characteristics of this line are described.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Detection of colonic cells in peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients by means of reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction.

Circulating tumour cells play a central role in the metastatic process, but little is known about the relationship between this cellular subpopulation and the development of secondary disease. This study was aimed at assessing the presence of colonic cells in peripheral blood of patients with colorectal cancer in different evolutionary stages, by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeted to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA. In vitro sensitivity was established in a recovery experiment by preparing serial colorectal cancer cell dilutions. Thereafter, 95 colorectal cancer patients and a control group including healthy subjects (n=11), patients with other gastrointestinal neoplasms (n=11) or inflammatory bowel disease (n=9) were analysed. Specific cDNA primers for CEA transcripts were used to apply RT-PCR to peripheral blood samples. Tumour cells were detected down to five cells per 10 ml blood, thus indicating a sensitivity limit of approximately one tumour cell per 10(7) white blood cells. CEA mRNA expression was detected in 39 out of 95 colorectal cancer patients (41.1%), there being a significant correlation with the presence of distant metastases at inclusion. None of the healthy volunteers and only 1 of 11 patients (9.1%) with other gastrointestinal neoplasms had detectable CEA mRNA in peripheral blood. By contrast, CEA mRNA was detected in five of the nine patients (55.6%) with inflammatory bowel disease. These results confirm that it is feasible to amplify CEA mRNA in the peripheral blood, its presence being almost certainly derived from circulating malignant cells in colorectal cancer patients. However, CEA mRNA detectable in blood of patients with inflammatory bowel disease suggests the presence of circulating non-neoplastic colonic epithelial cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

CT of portal venous occlusion.

Thrombosis of a portion of the portal venous system can be directly imaged by contrast-enhanced CT as a low-attenuation lesion within the involved portal venous segment with or without expansion of the vessel or enhancement at the margin of the thrombus. Collateral venous pathways are often evident, which provide supporting evidence of the occlusion. Alterations in portal venous blood flow lead to metabolic disturbances in the liver and to abnormalities in parenchymal enhancement during dynamic CT scanning, and these changes are manifested as abnormalities in hepatic parenchymal density. The detection of portal venous thrombosis or occlusion, collateral veins, or abnormal liver enhancement should initiate a search for the diseases that cause these abnormalities.

Budd-Chiari Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Lymphocyte phenotype analysis after anti-thymocyte globulin therapy.

In an attempt to explore new or alternative therapy for refractory cutaneous T cell lymphoma, a patient with advanced disease refractory to conventional chemotherapy was treated with anti-thymocyte globulin. The therapy was associated with tolerable and manageable toxicities. Phenotypic analysis of neoplastic cells in blood and tissue was used to follow the disease response during the trial. The therapy resulted in resolution of skin lesions and disappearance of circulating cells with neoplastic phenotype. Marked improvement in skin infiltrate and restoration of normal skin architecture seen in skin biopsy specimens after anti-thymocyte globulin were prominent correlative findings. Lymphocytes with normal T cell phenotype appeared after anti-thymocyte globulin therapy, although their mitogenic response was subnormal. The infused anti-thymocyte globulin was found to localize in the skin and bind the neoplastic cells in circulation. The anti-thymocyte globulin-bound cells, with a half-life of 4.9 days, could still be detected up to 14 days after completion of anti-thymocyte globulin therapy.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗