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PubMedDate not supplied

Occupational health nursing in Canada: its social foundation and future.

Our purpose in examining the social foundation of occupational health nursing is to better determine the future direction of the profession and its impact on a diverse workforce. Part of what makes up the profession of occupational health nursing is found in its definition: a process that is determined by the interaction between the occupational health nurse, worker, work and workplace; its goal is to assist the worker to achieve his or her optimal level of functioning, primarily through health education, health promotion, prevention of disease and injury and crisis intervention. Much of occupational health nursing is also based on its history and the traditions that have been established. A true understanding, then, of what occupational health nursing's future can be comes from a solid understanding of the history of the profession. As social trends in the past affected the profession, so will they in the future.

Canada↗
PubMed1998

[Women and health professions in Puerto Rico: 1990].

The main aim of the present study was to analyse the sex distribución for the health related professions in Puerto Rico. This was a descriptive investigation. The data was obtained from the Census of Population and Housing of Puerto Rico, 1990 and the fifth register of health professionals, 1989-92 from the Health Department of Puerto Rico. It was observed that women in the 90's are still participating, in the health professions, in occupations traditionally of their gender. Nevertheless, it has been observed an increased in the women's participation in those occupations usually performed by men such as: veterinary and podiatry. Women tend to be employed more frequently by the government. Men, on the other hand, are concentrated on those occupations with the highest prestige and status, in the health professions. In addition, a high proportion of men are employed on their own. In terms of income, women earn less income than men for almost all the health occupations taken into account.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Private practice: benefits, barriers and strategies of providing fieldwork placements.

BACKGROUND: Occupational therapists are entering private practice in ever increasing numbers. In order to gain the skills to practice in this area, students should have the opportunity to experience private practice fieldwork placements. However, the number offered in private practice settings continues to be limited. The purpose of this exploratory qualitative study was to identify the benefits, the barriers, and the strategies associated with providing fieldwork opportunities in private practice. METHODS: Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with six occupational therapists in private practice. RESULTS: Results indicated that participating in fieldwork education affords benefits to the profession of occupational therapy, to the clinician, and to the facility. Potential barriers included student characteristics, cost, time, travel and legalities. Involvement from the university and the private setting were considered necessary for providing and implementing strategies. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The findings have implications for increasing private practice placements for future students in occupational therapy and other health care professions offering clinical placements as a component of their formal education.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Therapeutic occupation: a definition.

This article builds on prior work and defines terms basic to the profession of occupational therapy. The prior work defined occupation as the relationship between occupational form and occupational performance and defined related terms, such as meaning, purpose, developmental structure, impact, and adaptation. This article shows how these terms relate to therapeutic occupation, a special type of occupation. Therapeutic occupation through occupational synthesis is the core of occupational therapy. Occupational synthesis is the design of the occupational form by the occupational therapist in collaboration with the recipient of services to advance therapeutic evaluation or achieve a therapeutic goal. Therapeutic occupation, then, is meaningful, purposeful occupational performance leading to assessment, adaptation, and compensation, all in the context of occupational synthesis. Finally, the idea of therapeutic occupation through occupational synthesis is related to frames of reference and models of practice in occupational therapy today.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Driving and community mobility.

Attention to driving and community mobility is a growing area of concern due to the implications across the life span, association to occupational engagement, and relevance to other organizational entities (see Appendix B). The skills, knowledge base, and scope of practice of occupational therapy enhanced by additional training in driver rehabilitation place the profession of occupational therapy in the forefront of driving and community mobility services. The focus on injury prevention, engagement in occupation, and the intervention strategies used in driver rehabilitation and community mobility services are consistent with the Philosophical Base of Occupational Therapy (AOTA, 1995) and, therefore, warrant attention in all areas of occupational therapy practice.

Automobile Driving↗
PubMed1985

Occupational therapy's journey: the implementation, challenge, and expectation.

The increased interest in administrative issues reflects the changing climate facing the profession of occupational therapy in the mid-1980s. The effect of the changing medical delivery system on the profession is evidenced through the development of home health organizations (HMOs), diagnostic-related group (DRG) systems, and other federal- and state-regulated systems. To ensure survival, the practice of occupational therapy will become more community based and less dependent on the hospital setting.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Embracing our ethos, reclaiming our heart.

A profession's ethos is an interlacing of sentiment, value, and thought that describes its character, conveys its genius, and manifests its spirit. The ethos endures over time, serving as touchstone against which individuals may strike their actions to know their worth. As a profession's inner voice, the ethos inspires individuals and calls them back if they stray too far. This discussion of the occupational therapy profession's ethos has two discernable parts. The first invites deliberation, given its historical ground. The second is a blend of ideas and images, a clutch of reflections inviting affect and will to join in thought. My hope is to illuminate the ethos of the profession in such a way that a new perspective on current challenges is possible. I set before you this idea: To advance into the future with the ethos that has characterized occupational therapy since its inception is a reclamation of the profession's heart.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1993

Role of physical performance component evaluations in occupational therapy functional assessment.

In the 1970s, occupational therapy assessments tended to focus on physical performance component (PPC) evaluations such as strength and range of motion; assessment of occupational performance played a secondary role. Given changes within and outside the profession of occupational therapy, it is time for the assessment of occupation and role performance to assume a primary role, while PPC evaluation should shift to a secondary role. Although PPC evaluations may be less prominent than in the past, they will continue to play an important role in occupational therapy practice and research. Therapists need to be critical consumers of PPC measurement tools because many require further development to validate their use for occupational therapy purposes.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMed1984

Occupational therapy in hospice care.

As hospice care becomes more integrated in the overall health care delivery system, the profession of occupational therapy needs to analyze further its potential within this unique system. This article briefly discusses the goals and philosophy of the hospice concept from the perspective of the National Hospice Organization. Occupational therapy intervention in terminal care is examined, with emphasis on locus of control and occupation as determinants in enhancing quality of life for the terminally ill in a nontraditional rehabilitative environment. A brief case study illustrates some of the general principles discussed throughout the article.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Recruitment standards and practices in occupational therapy, 1900-1930.

Debate regarding recruitment standards and practices exemplifies various visions of practice that exist within a profession. In occupational therapy, early recruitment criteria provide an example of how the field's founders envisioned the professional practitioner. As occupational therapy grew in membership throughout the 1920s, that vision was challenged. This paper identifies and describes the recruitment ideas expressed by both the founders of occupational therapy and their challengers from 1900 to 1930 and suggests the influence of their ideas on recruitment standards.

Advertising↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of hands-on occupation versus demonstration on children's recall memory.

OBJECTIVE: Hands-on learning has been an important aspect of the profession of occupational therapy since its founding. The purpose of this study was to determine whether children engaged in hands-on learning would be able to recall more of the steps and more of the correct order of the steps of an occupation than children engaged in a demonstration teaching method. METHOD: After being randomly assigned, 73 healthy third-graders (42 girls and 31 boys) either participated in making a model of a volcano or observed the making of a model of a volcano. Following task completion, both groups were asked to recall and state as many of the 41 syntactical units as possible in their proper order. The children's responses were audiotaped and scored in a blind fashion according to predetermined criteria. Interrater reliability was excellent. RESULTS: A t-test revealed a significant difference between conditions in terms of free recall scores, with children in the hands-on condition having a greater recall score, t (71) = 2.63, p < .005. The effect size d equaled .62. A MannWhitney U Test revealed no significant difference between conditions in terms of remembering the steps in proper order (the lack of a significant difference may have been due to a problem of measurement). CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that participants were able to recall more information when engaged in a hands-on teaching method as compared with a demonstration method. It is suggested that the learning advantages of hands-on occupation are related to the enhanced sensory/perceptual experiences and the feelings of success that are characteristic of hands-on learning, as opposed to passive forms of learning.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Male occupational therapists in Ontario: a survey of work-related issues.

Job satisfaction greatly influences an individual's decision to remain in his or her work situation. In many studies, one of the primary reasons for men leaving the profession of occupational therapy was due to job dissatisfaction. The purpose of this study was to further investigate the issue of job satisfaction in male occupational therapists. In March 1992, a survey was mailed to all (n = 82) male occupational therapists practicing in Ontario. A 67% (n = 55) response rate was obtained. This study addressed several factors pertaining to job satisfaction and other work-related issues. When using the median years of OT work experience (ie. seven) to divide the sample, two items were found to be significantly different when using one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA's): "satisfaction with the standing of the profession" and cumulative "satisfaction variable" items. In this study, less experienced male occupational therapists reported themselves to be less satisfied, more inclined to leave the profession or pursue another profession, but did not feel more isolated than their more experienced counterparts. The means of all items revealed a feeling of dissatisfaction on the Likert-scale used in this survey. Although no statistical significance could be achieved, a clear trend existed toward a lower level of satisfaction among the less experienced group.

Adult↗