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Results for “PEPTIDE HYDROLASES”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Adaptation of intestinal peptide hydrolases to different diets].

Rats received for 7 days specialized high protein, fat and carbohydrate diets, in the conditions of maintenance of coprophagy and in the absence of hypodynamia, developed adaptive changes in the intestinal di- and tripeptide hydrolases. The enzyme adaptation was more pronounced in the proximal small intestine of the rats kept predominantly on the protein diet. The role of coprophagy as a possible mechanism of chemical homeostasis, is discussed.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1978

Changes in absorptive and peptide hydrolase activities in rat small intestine after administration of 5-fluorouracil.

1. Glucose absorption, water absorption and dipeptide hydrolase activities have been determined in isolated rat small intestine at 1, 3, 5 and 21 days after a single intraperitoneal injection of 5-fluorouracil. 2. Absorption rates and enzyme activities were elevated 1 day after treatment, but were reduced to 40% of control values at 3 and 5 days. Changes were seen regardless of whether absorption was expressed per unit length or per unit dry weight of intestine. 3. There were highly significant positive correlations between glucose or water absorption rates and peptidase activities, especially in proximal jejunum. The most significant correlation was observed between water absorption rate and jejunal L-Leu-Gly hydrolase activity. 4. Malabsorption may account for some of the gastrointestinal side effects associated with treatment with 5-fluorouracil. Enzyme measurements may be useful as an index of intestinal function.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Regulation of peptide hydrolase activity in psoriasis].

Clinico-biological examination of 154 patients with psoriasis resulted in data showing high activity of endo- and exopeptidases in efflorescences of that dermatosis. This was accompanied by depressed activity of trypsin inhibitor. At the same time magnesium deficiency, polysaccharide decrease and leucocyte increase were stated to be in the focus of skin damage. That character of interrelation, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of this widespread skin disease, is demonstrated.

Humans↗
PubMed1973

Changes in sucrase, enterokinase, and peptide hydrolase after intestinal resection. The association of cellular hyperplasia and adaptation.

In a study of changes in digestive enzymes after massive intestinal resection and the mechanisms by which such changes occur, rats were sacrified 4 wk after removal of the proximal two-thirds of the small intestine. Alterations in the mucosal levels of sucrase, enterokinase, and dipeptide hydrolase (L-leucyl-L-alanine substrate) were examined in the light of associated changes in protein. DNA and wet mucosal weight, measured in standardized gut segments from various regions of intestine. Metabolic studies showed that normal growth patterns were reestablished after the operation but significant elevations in stool weight and fecal nitrogen occurred in the second postoperative week, falling towards normal by the 4th wk. In standard gut segments wet weight of mucosa, protein, and DNA rose, especially in distal segments, DNA increasing disproportionately. Mucosal levels of the proximally distributed and membrane-bound enzymes, sucrase and enterokinase, showed similar patterns of change: when enzyme activity was expressed in terms of the total per segment, proximally there were considerable increases in both enzymes, but, expressed in terms of specific activity, that of sucrase fell and that of enterokinase was unaltered. By contrast, the largely soluble and more distally distributed dipeptide hydrolase increased more in distal segments and the increases in total activity were accompanied by lesser increases in specific activity. However, in spite of increases in total activity, enzyme activity per milligram DNA fell by over 50% in postanastomotic segments. Subcellular distribution studies showed no change in the percentage of the total activity which was membrane-bound and zymograms confirmed that no new dipeptide hydrolase had appeared after resection. It is concluded that increases in the segmental totals of various enzymes seen after resection are achieved by disproportinate increases in the number of mucosal cells per segment and that the greatest change in a particular enzyme occurs in the region where the enzyme is normally found in highest concentration.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Activity of peptide hydrolases and trypsin inhibitor in psoriasis].

Distinct activation of alkaline and trypsinlike proteinases, leucine aminopeptidase as well as inhibition of the antitryptic activity (ATA) occurred in the area of impaired skin and in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis as shown by clinico-laboratory examinations. These data suggest the epidermal origin of the substance inhibiting the enzymatic activity. After administration into animals of homogenates of impaired skin obtained from the patients an increase in BAEE-esterase activity and a decrease in the ATA were observed in blood serum. A reverse correlation was found between the ATA of parakeratotic layer and amount of eosinophils in peripheric blood.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peptide hydrolase activity of blood serum, myocardium and skeletal muscles of rats under different states of hyperbaric oxygenation].

Intensity of autolysis and proteolysis (hemoglobin as a substrate) of blood serum, myocardium and skeletal muscles was determined under normal conditions and under the effect of 2.0, 3.5 at. abs. of oxygen for 60 min and 5 at. abs. for 10 and 60 min. Under the effect of 3.5 and 5 at. abs. of oxygen there occurs a considerable increase in a degree of autolysis and proteolysis of the studied tissues as compared to the effect of 2 at. abs. of oxygen. But. these changes are not specific for the oxygen toxic doses.

Animals↗