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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Knowledge-based changes to health systems: the Thai experience in policy development.

Over the past two decades the government in Thailand has adopted an incremental approach to extending health-care coverage to the population. It first offered coverage to government employees and their dependents, and then introduced a scheme under which low-income people were exempt from charges for health care. This scheme was later extended to include elderly people, children younger than 12 years of age and disabled people. A voluntary public insurance scheme was implemented to cover those who could afford to pay for their own care. Private sector employees were covered by the Social Health Insurance scheme, which was implemented in 1991. Despite these efforts, 30% of the population remained uninsured in 2001. In October of that year, the new government decided to embark on a programme to provide universal health-care coverage. This paper describes how research into health systems and health policy contributed to the move towards universal coverage. Data on health systems financing and functioning had been gathered before and after the founding of the Health Systems Research Institute in early 1990. In 1991, a contract capitation model had been used to launch the Social Health Insurance scheme. The advantages of using a capitation model are that it contains costs and provides an acceptable quality of service as opposed to the cost escalation and inefficiency that occur under fee-for-service reimbursement models, such as the one used to provide medical benefits to civil servants. An analysis of the implementation of universal coverage found that politics moved universal coverage onto the policy agenda during the general election campaign in January 2001. The capacity for research on health systems and policy to generate evidence guided the development of the policy and the design of the system at a later stage. Because the reformists who sought to bring about universal coverage (who were mostly civil servants in the Ministry of Public Health and members of nongovernmental organizations) were able to bridge the gap between researchers and politicians, an evidence-based political decision was made. Additionally, the media played a part in shaping the societal consensus on universal coverage.

Cost Control↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Using flowcharts in policy development: reporting abuse and neglect of patients.

Reports of abuse, both domestic and institutional, are increasingly common. A myriad of statutes and rules govern when and how incidents of abuse are reported. It is incumbent upon medical centers to establish policies that clearly outline the responsibility of all staff members to identify and report suspected abuse and neglect. This article presents a summary of a comprehensive hospital policy on identifying and responding to all types of suspected or witnessed abuse and neglect of patients. It also illustrates how multidisciplinary teams and flowcharts can be useful in developing and implementing policy in complicated areas that involve many players, rules, and regulations.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1997

Health policy development in wartime: establishing the Baito health system in Tigray, Ethiopia.

This paper documents health experiences and the public health activities of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF). The paper provides background data about Tigray and the emergence of its struggle for a democratic Ethiopia. The origins of the armed struggle are described, as well as the impact of the conflict on local health systems and health status. The health-related activities and public health strategies of the TPLF are described and critiqued in some detail, particular attention is focused on the development of the baito system, the emergent local government structures kindled by the TPLF as a means of promoting local democracy, accountability, and social and economic development. Important issues arise from this brief case-study, such as how emerging health systems operating in wartime can ensure that not only are basic curative services maintained, but preventive and public health services are developed. Documenting the experiences of Tigray helps identify constraints and possibilities for assisting health systems to adapt and cope with ongoing conflict, and raises possibilities that in their aftermath they leave something which can be built upon and further developed. It appears that promoting effective local government may be an important means of promoting primary health care.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed1989

Nutrition policy development and implementation in Malta.

The paper highlights experiences in the development and implementation of the food and nutrition policy in Malta. As one could expect there has been tangible progress in certain areas but less so in others. Some background information on the food and health status of the Maltese population is given first as this was the reason for the establishment of the policy in Malta in the first place.

Female↗
PubMed1997

Workplace domestic violence. Intervention through program and policy development.

1. Workplace domestic violence is a costly and increasing concern to business. 2. Like other workplace hazards, workplace domestic violence has identifiable characteristics. 3. Effective intervention strategies can be developed that involve a multidisciplinary team approach, as well as written policies, procedures, and education. 4. Occupational health nurses can take a leadership role in obtaining management's support to send a strong message to perpetrators that domestic violence is not tolerated.

Domestic Violence↗
PubMed2003

The role of early newborn discharge legislation in influencing policy development: understanding the Kansas experience.

Early newborn discharge legislation began a movement in health policy towards incremental changes in how medical consumers receive services. While well intentioned, these initiatives may undermine national efforts to address problems through more comprehensive reform, while stifling smaller efforts to address the problems locally. This paper discusses early newborn discharge legislation in Kansas: its origins, apparent impact, and implications. Findings from a hospital survey and two-year follow-up suggest a minimal effect of the legislation on health services in the state. Though acute hospital care appeared to replace home-based programs in many hospitals we spoke with, the more longstanding impact of the legislation seems to have been its precedent in how health policy is now made.

Female↗
PubMed1996

A national model for participative management and policy development.

This article describes the virtual application of an innovative administrative model that addresses national nursing policy issues in the Department of Veterans Affairs. Using a constituency center model of organization, nurse and interdisciplinary experts in the areas of clinical, education, administration, research and informatics are drawn from throughout the country to manage projects that meet the specifications of the national nursing service strategic plan. The impetus for the development of the model, examples products developed and areas of interest explored to date, and an evaluation of the first 18 months of experience are discussed.

Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMed1998

Moving toward policy development on assigning publication credit for oncology nurses' contributions to scholarly and scientific work.

The policy implications of a 1996 national nursing survey on the allocation of publication credit form of this paper. An earlier article (Butler & Ginn, 1997) describes and analyzes the outcome of the survey; the purpose here is to draw on that analysis, and on the relevant literature, to propose a starting place for discussion within the specialty of oncology and the nursing profession regarding assignment of credit for various contributions to collaborative scholarly work. After identifying the growing need for such a discussion and briefly highlighting the findings of the survey, the paper goes on to examine unacceptable practices in scholarly work and identify issues which should be resolved before collaborative work is undertaken. The final portion of the paper makes tentative suggestions as to principles and guidelines which might be applied to avoid disputes about the value of different contributions to a collaborative project. It is emphasized that the intention is not to advocate acceptance of the guidelines suggested here, but to create sufficient interest so that an approach to allocation of publication credit may be developed which will be consistent and relevant to the needs of the nursing profession.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1996

Reproductive Health Hazards in the Workplace: Guidelines for Policy Development and Implementation.

To provide occupational health professionals and employers with guidelines for reproductive health policy making, the authors-both of whom are obstetrician-gynecologists and occupational medicine physicians-review the history of and legal basis for U.S. policy on work and reproduction, delineate the goals and important elements of a reproductive health policy (RHP), and emphasize the need to incorporate an RHP into a comprehensive occupational injury and illness prevention program. After suggesting practical ways to achieve the goals of an RHP (maximal health protection, compliance with legal mandates, and reduction of liability), the authors propose a team-based model for RHP implementation with shared responsibility of management and workers in designing, enforcing, and evaluating the policy.

Journal Article↗