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[Clinico-experimental evaluation of the new reconstructive operations on the popliteal and crural veins in postphlebitic syndrome during recanalization].

The experimental data on studying surgical anatomy of the popliteal vein and its branches are presented. On the basis of the findings obtained, the experimental models of reconstructive operations--transposition of the small saphenous and muscular veins with the functioning valves to the position of a popliteal vein, its bifurcation or one of the sural veins--have been developed. The clinical assessment of the performed reconstructive operations on the veins of the popliteal -sural segment was carried out. The results of reconstructive operations are good. A conclusion about the expediency to use in the clinic of the developed methods of operative interventions on the major veins of the lower extremities was drawn.

Adult↗

[Prognosis in endoscopic perforans vein excision in postphlebitic syndrome].

In the presence of leg ulcer endoscopic treatment is particularly indicated as it permits reliable diagnosis and treatment of incompetent perforator veins from a small incision away from the contaminated zone. Lately 3 surgeons have developed special instruments for this type of endoscopy. Hauer was the 1st to develop a specialized technique with the Wolf Company. He uses an angulated optic system and a double cautery clamp. It permits excellent vision. Sattler works with a Storz thoracoscope and specially built instruments controlled by a monitor. This means agreeable and motivating handling. Fischer uses direct vision through a Wolf or similar endoscope shaft and a set of instruments produced by Storz and Ulrich Co for him for swift, simple and reasonable treatment. Each surgeon will chose his method on the ground of his education, his special liking and his set up.

Endoscopes↗

The postphlebitic syndrome; a study of possible factors in subjective disability.

Three hundred patients with the post-thrombophlebitic syndrome were studied. The lower extremities were involved in the majority of cases. Severe disabling subjective symptoms, such as burning, aching, cramping and shooting pains, occurred in approximately 15 per cent of cases regardless of the presence or absence of objective findings such as ulcerations, edema or dermatitis. Subjective symptoms occurred in about as many men as women. The persistence and severity of disabling subjective symptoms seemed to be unrelated to the possibility of compensation or pecuniary gain. No adequate explanation could be found for the perseverance of disabling subjective symptoms. There was no consistent relation of subjective symptoms and disability to psychic factors.

Adult↗

[Varicose veins and postphlebitic syndrome of the lower extremities in elderly patients].

On the basis of treatment of 247 patients with the postthrombophlebitis syndrome and varicose veins of the lower limbs (72 of the patients underwent operation) the authors established that the course of these diseases is graver in elderly and old-aged patients than in younger patients. Old-aged patients tolerate, typical surgical interventions on the veins fairly well if they are subjected to careful preoperative management and systematic treatment in the postoperative period. Nonoperative treatment is very important and is effective in individual choice of the therapeutic measures. Prevention of allergic complications and normalization of the immune and regeneratory properties of the patient's organism are important elements of treatment.

Age Factors↗

Combined genetic defect (homogeneity for factor V Leiden and heterogeneity for prothrombin G20210A allele), in a young patient, with recurrent deep vein thrombosis and serious postphlebitic syndrome--a case report.

Just a few years ago, resistance to activated protein C (APCR) was reported to be of high significance representing a strong predisposing factor in the development of venous thrombosis (VT). A little while later, APCR was established to be the result of a point mutation of the factor V gene (factor V Leiden: a G-to-A transition at position 1691). Up to today, it is not certain whether factor V Leiden is in itself able to lead to VT, or whether it acts in synergy with other factors. Nevertheless, heterozygous subjects have a tenfold increase in the risk of VT when compared to general population, whereas the risk is 80 times greater in homozygous individuals. In 1996, a prothrombin gene mutation (prothrombin G20210A allele), which is a single-nucleotide G-to-A transition at position 20210 in the sequence of the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) on chromosome 11, was discovered. The presence of this mutant gene results in elevated plasma prothrombin concentrations, increasing the possibility for the development of VT. However, the coexistence of these two abnormalities, as well as the clinical consequence, have not yet been studied. So far, only a few reports are found in the literature describing the coexistence of both mutations. The authors present a 25-year-old patient with a simultaneous double mutation of the FV and F II gene. The patient was homozygous for the factor V Leiden and heterozygous for the prothrombin G20210A allele. It is unclear whether the coexistence of the two predisposes more to the development of VT than the summation of the two as independent factors.

Adult↗