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PubMed1991

Diagnostic efficacy of in vitro methods vs. skin testing in patients with inhalant allergies.

The purpose of our study was to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of two selected methods of in vitro allergy testing. Specifically, the PRIST/modified RAST I125 isotope systems and the Quantizyme/modified EAST alkaline phosphatase method were compared. The time, expense, convenience, and diagnostic efficacy of the two procedures are discussed. Special attention is given to the practicality of each method for the practicing physician.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

A new in vitro allergy diagnostic system: the Acti Tip Allerg E and Allerg Ens test system for the determination and quantitation of Total serum IgE and allergen specific IgE in human serum.

A rapid enzyme immunoassay system was developed for the detection and quantitative measurement of Total IgE and specific IgE in human serum. The system utilizes a unique solid phase configuration called Acti Tip for the separation phase and an enzyme base detection system. Measurement and quantitation of Total IgE and allergen specific IgE is achieved through the use of a compact photometer pregrogrammed to print out IgE results in units and classes. Only 10 microliters of serum and 45 minutes reaction time is required to measure Total IgE. Allergen specific IgE antibodies are detected and quantitated in 4 hours. A very good agreement exists between test results obtained by the Acti Tip Allerg E and Allerg Ens test systems and the Pharmacia Phadebas PRIST and RAST tests. The correlation coefficients between the two systems is in excess of 90%. The Dexall Acti Tip system offers a number of significant advantages over the currently available in vitro techniques for the detection and quantitation of Total IgE and allergen specific IgE.

Allergens↗
PubMed1990

[Significance of food allergens for the development of hyperreactive airway diseases].

Food allergies may lead to local and systemic allergic reactions. Participation of respiration tract is rare and is only noticed in combination with additional systemic allergic reactions. Food allergies seem not to have influence on the origin of bronchial hyperreactivity or Asthma. Furthermore the question of genetic influence on the origin of children's allergies and possible preventive measures are discussed.

Allergens↗
PubMed1990

[The standard level of IgE RIST and eosinophil counts in 0-year old allergic children according to multiple factor analysis type II].

We specified three standard levels of IgE RIST (10, 20, 60 IU/ml) for the ninety-four (94) allergic clients of 0-year infants, who classified with three groups. Each group was furthermore divided in two groups such as a group under the standard level and a group exceeding the level respectively. Next, using the Multiple Factor Analysis Type II, we examined quantitative analysis that each of three classified groups was influenced on 12 allergic factors of sex, existence and inexistence of wheezing and atopic dermatitis, family history of allergic diseases, eosinophil counts. IgE RAST scores and antibody titers against egg white, milk and soybean, IgE RAST scores to Dermatophagoides farinae, while the we discussed how the standard levels were adequately reacted to the analysis. As a results, strong allergic factors which influenced the three groups commonly were two factors of IgE RAST scores to egg white and D.f. In particular, the factor which influenced the group of 10 IU/ml standard level was eosinophil counts and family history of allergic diseases. Furthermore, the strong factors which influenced the group classified on 60 IU/ml standard outstandingly appeared in IgE RAST scores to soybean, however, we did not find any difference between three groups. On the other hand, when we specified the standard level at 100/mm3, 200/mm3, 400/mm3 in regard to the eosinophil counts under the same method and examined results, we found strong allergic factors which influenced family history of allergic diseases. IgE RAST scores to egg white and soybean. However, the study scarcely recognize any difference between the three groups.

Eosinophils↗
PubMed1988

Monoclonal antibodies specific for human IgE and their clinical applications.

By applying the hybridoma technique, two mouse anti-human Immunoglobulin E (IgE) monoclonal antibodies, designated as E17-58 and E20-62, were generated and characterized. E17-58 was a murine IgG2b with an affinity constant of 4 x 10(8)l/mole. E20-62 was a murine IgG1 with an affinity constant of 1 x 10(8) l/mole. These two antibodies recognized different antigenic determinants specific to the IgE molecule. They were used in combination to quantify the total serum IgE level of forty-nine persons. Data obtained correlated highly with that obtained by using the Pharmacia PRIST Kit (r = 0.91). E17-58 was also used to detect the anti-Aspergillus specific IgE of twenty-one atopic patients by a radioimmunosorbent test. The positive rate detected correlated very well with the skin test (p less than 0.05). In addition, in the Western blot system, these monoclonal antibodies were capable of identifying IgE binding components of crude allergen extracts. Extracts from pollens of Bermuda grass were evaluated, and a new major allergenic component with a molecular weight of 40 kd was identified.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Clinical evaluation of a new enzymo-assay for allergen-specific IgE.

A new assay for the determination of specific IgE in serum, using a monoclonal anti-IgE (Stallerzym), was evaluated. Compared with the results of skin prick tests, the Stallerzym was found to be 93% specific and 73% sensitive. In sera from patients selected to be either clearly allergic or not allergic (as defined by the concordant results of case history, skin prick test, and provocation test), Stallerzym proved to be as accurate and reliable as the Phadezym IgE RAST currently available.

Allergens↗
PubMed1989

[Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes and IgE in atopic dermatitis].

Lymphocytes bearing Fc receptors for IgE (Fc epsilon R) and serum IgE were determined on eighty-one patients with atopic dermatitis by immunofluorescence assay using H107 monoclonal antibody and radioimmunosorbent test, respectively. The patients were divided into three groups with mild, moderate, and severe involvement, based on the extent of skin lesions. Both exploratory data analysis and statistical analysis by nonparametric methods showed significant correlations of the percentage of Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes and serum IgE level with the extent of skin involvement. The nature of skin lesions of the moderate and severe patients also correlated significantly with the percentage of Fc epsilon R+ lymphocytes. There was no correlation between such the nature of skin lesions and serum IgE level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A new test for specific IgE to inhalant allergens (Phadiatop) in the screening of immediate respiratory hypersensitivity states.

Three hundred recruits were classified as either allergic or nonallergic to inhalant allergens on the basis of history, physical examination, skin testing, and RAST. Forty-nine (16.3%) were classified as allergic as they were affected by oculorhinitis and/or asthma. This diagnosis was compared with results obtained with PRIST and with a new commercially available multi-RAST test for inhalant allergy, Phadiatop (Pharmacia). Sixty subjects (20%), including all 49 allergic subjects, scored positive in the Phadiatop assay (100% sensitivity) while PRIST (cut-off 220 IU/mL) identified only 20/49 allergics (40.8% sensitivity). The correlation between RAST and Phadiatop was excellent. Phadiatop is much more sensitive than PRIST; furthermore, Phadiatop is easier, less expensive, and as reliable as RAST for use in mass screening programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of allergologic diagnosis in patients with bronchial asthma].

The present paper deals with 16 patients who were referred to the Clinical Hospital for Lung Disease "Jordanovac", Zagreb. On admission they were supposed to have or had already been diagnosed to have bronchial asthma. Numerous data from the patients' history were evaluated as well as the results of allergy tests (skin tests, RIST, RAST, eosinophils in the blood and sputum) and parameters of the functional lung diagnostics (blood gas analysis during rest and exercise, spirometry, flow-volume, body plethysmography). It was established that allergy diagnostics is not carried out as required, even though it is necessary in all chronic obstructive lung diseases. Skin tests, inspite of the problems on the standardization of allergens and the average number of positive reactions in healthy volunteers, represent a significant diagnostic method for the determination of the role of allergic reaction in bronchial asthma. It is necessary to combine them with the determining level for specific IgE in serum (RAST), which would, if the other conditions are satisfactory, be a basis for specific immunotherapy. The value of skin tests is greater since a good correlation between them and bronchial sensibility was found established by specific broncho-provocative testing. The correlation between eosinophils in the blood and the sputum with allergic sensibilization in asthma was not confirmed in this work. For evaluation the localisation and degree of obstruction as well as the effect of therapy in asthma patients the best functional test was found to be the flow-volume.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Studies on the in vitro effects of auto-anti-IgE. Inhibition of total and specific serum IgE detection by a human IgG autoantibody to IgE.

We isolated a human IgG anti IgE autoantibody by affinity chromatography on a myelomatous IgE (N.D.) coated Sepharose column, from the serum of a patient with atopic eczema, and probed its ability to inhibit IgE recognition by heteroantisera to IgE used in commonly available assays for serum total and specific IgE determinations (Paper radio-immunosorbent test--PRIST and Phadezym radioallergosorbent test--RAST, both from Pharmacia, Uppsala--Sweden). Our results indicate that IgG anti IgE decrease total IgE results by 10-90% according to its weight ratio to IgE molecules present in samples devoid of endogeneous anti-IgE. Sera with high content of specific IgE to house dust mite (RAST class 3 or 4) are less affected by this autoantibody, but RAST class 2 may be significantly lowered when purified IgG anti IgE is added. These data imply that anti IgE can affect both total and specific IgE determinations.

Allergens↗