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Results for “SACROILIAC JOINT”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

Sacroiliac joint dysfunction in elite rowers.

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. OBJECTIVES: To examine the occurrence of sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD) in a group of elite rowers. BACKGROUND: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is a common problem for elite athletes, but is largely unstudied in the medical literature. METHODS AND MEASURES: The United States Senior National Rowing Teams at the Pan American Games and the World Rowing Championships in 1995 were tested for SIJD through the standing flexion test followed by palpatory examination of anatomic landmarks. RESULTS: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction occurred in 54.1% of team members. Sacroiliac joint dysfunction was prevalent in both sweep rowers (66%) and scullers (34%). Prevalence of SIJD did not differ among the specific types of SIJD, the side of involvement, or for the handedness of sweep rowing. CONCLUSIONS: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is an important orthopaedic problem in rowers. This information may be useful for clinicians who treat rowers and elite athletes.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Dynamic changes in the contact area of the sacroiliac joint.

Thirty adult dry-bone ilium specimens were used in conjunction with computer analysis to determine the average articular contact area between the sacrum and ilium at the sacroiliac joint. Simulating an unstable pelvic injury, the sacroiliac joint was displaced in three directions by moving the ilium posteriorly, superiorly, and posterosuperiorly. After each displacement, the contact area between the sacrum and ilium at the sacroiliac joint was calculated. The data showed that the average articular surface area of the male sacroiliac joint (1138.3 mm2) was approximately 12.8% greater than the average surface area of the female sacroiliac joint (992.5 mm2). The average articular contact area between the sacrum and ilium at the sacroiliac joint was lowest with the ilium displaced posterosuperiorly compared to equal displacements superiorly or posteriorly. This study quantitatively illustrated the loss of contact surface area between the sacrum and ilium during various displacements of the ilium, thus indicating the clinical cross-section area available for open reduction and internal fixation or fusion.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Role of computed tomography in the evaluation of suspected sacroiliac joint disease.

Computed tomography (CT) was compared with plain radiography in 41 examinations of selected patients with a clinical history suggestive of sacroiliac joint disease. The obliquity of the sacroiliac joints renders radiographic interpretation difficult. In the 41 cases who were examined with standard anteroposterior and posteroanterior radiographs of the sacroiliac joints, four were normal, eight abnormal and 29 were equivocal. Equivocal findings included indistinct and possibly irregular articular margins to the joints and subarticular sclerosis. Of the 29 equivocal studies, nine were normal on CT and 20 were abnormal. CT demonstrated definite changes of sacroiliac joint disease in 29 of the 41 examinations, 16 of which were sacroiliitis and 13 osteoarthritis. With plain radiography four of the eight abnormal studies were consistent with sacroiliitis, and four with osteoarthritis. It is concluded that CT is more sensitive than plain radiography in the evaluation of sacroiliac joint disease, and is especially valuable when there are equivocal plain radiographs.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Case report: can sacroiliac joint dysfunction cause chronic Achilles tendinitis?

This case study discusses the possible relationship between chronic Achilles tendinitis and sacroiliac joint dysfunction. The patient presented is an active pole jumper, competing at both the national and international levels. He suffered from chronic Achilles tendinitis during the 1994-95 season, and conservative treatment applied locally was not successful. The athlete discarded the possibility of operative debridement of the tendon. Instead, an evaluation of the kinetic chain of the lower extremity and pelvic-lumbar area was performed, and the athlete was diagnosed with sacroiliac joint dysfunction and Achilles tendinitis. Evaluation findings, treatment program, and treatment outcome are also presented. The literature regarding sacroiliac joint mechanics and biomechanics of the foot-knee-hip and pelvic area is discussed and used to support the author's thesis that sacroiliac joint dysfunction, in this case a backward rotation of the right ilium, may have changed the kinematic chain of the lower extremity and caused a tendinitis in the Achilles tendon of the affected leg. Sacroiliac joint function and dysfunction, the reliability of sacroiliac joint mobility tests, and the validity of treatment programs are still considered controversial, and more research is needed to understand these mechanisms.

Achilles Tendon↗

PubMed1999

Measurement of sacroiliac joint stiffness in peripartum pelvic pain patients with Doppler imaging of vibrations (DIV).

OBJECTIVES: The research question of the present study was: are sacroiliac joint stiffness levels of peripartum pelvic pain patients different from those of healthy subjects? STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional comparative sacroiliac joint stiffness analysis of peripartum pelvic pain patients with healthy subjects. In previous studies we introduced a new technique, Doppler imaging of vibrations (DIV), to assess sacroiliac joint stiffness using colour Doppler imaging and vibrations. The measurements were performed on a group of peripartum pelvic pain patients (n=56) and on a control group (n=52). The differences in sacroiliac joint stiffness between the patient group and the control group were tested statistically by means of the Wilcoxon's two sample test, the chi-square test and Student's t-tests. RESULTS: Both patients and controls displayed stiff as well as unstiff joints with no significant difference. There was a significant difference between the groups with regard to the relative difference of sacroiliac joint stiffness between left and right. CONCLUSIONS: A diagnostic tool which can possibly be developed in the future could demonstrate an objective finding among women with peripartum pelvic pain. DIV is easy to apply and non-invasive. Asymmetric stiffness of the sacroiliac joints seems to be more directly related to low back pain and pelvic pain, not the stiffness level of a single sacroiliac joint.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Cortisone injection into the sacroiliac joint].

Corticosteroid injection of the sacroiliac joint can be proposed in inflammatory, or less frequently, in degenerative sacroiliac arthropathies. Significant pain relief is not only rapid and lasting, but also frequent (about 80% in seronegative spondylarthropathy).

Anesthesia, Spinal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intensity mapping of pain referral areas in sacroiliac joint pain patients.

OBJECTIVE: To identify differences in pain referral areas, using intensity maps, between responders and nonresponders to a double diagnostic sacroiliac joint injection with a short- and long-acting local anesthetic in patients with chronic low back pain. METHODS: From a group of 140 consecutive patients with chronic low back pain, 60 patients who met clinical criteria were included in the study. Twenty-seven demonstrated a positive response to a double diagnostic fluoroscopically guided intra-articular sacroiliac joint block and were compared with 33 patients with a negative response. Each patient's preinjection pain diagram was used to determine areas of pain referral. The summation of these pain referral zones for both groups was used to construct intensity maps. RESULTS: No major differences were observed between responders and nonresponders with regard to mean size and distribution of referral pain areas. Intensity maps, however, showed differences in pain referral at the buttock in the areas overlying the sacroiliac joint (100% of the responders vs 80% of the nonresponders) and the ischial tuberosity (10% of the responders vs 100% of the nonresponders). CONCLUSIONS: Overall referred pain maps appeared not to be useful to discriminate patients with an identified sacroiliac joint pain from chronic low back pain patients with pain from other sources. Differences were only found using intensity maps. By implementing these data, it could be concluded that patients with sacroiliac joint pain are less likely to experience pain in both the 'Fortin' and 'tuber' areas. This knowledge can be used as additional selection criterion for putative sacroiliac joint patients, next to sacroiliac joint pain provocation tests.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Computed tomography of the sacroiliac joints in children.

Clinical assessment of the sacroiliac joints is difficult. Conventional radiography and radionuclide scanning have not afforded optimal sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of sacroiliac involvement in spondyloarthropathies. This report describes a technique for computed tomography of the sacroiliac joints in children; the method involves coronal scanning and allows assessment of the entire surface of the joints.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

[Methodological problems of sacroiliac joint scintigraphy (author's transl)].

Bone scintigraphy of the sacroiliac joints and the lumbar spine was performed in 35 patients with ankylosing spondylitis and 30 control subjects. The scans were evaluated by qualitative and quantitative assessment. The sacroiliac/sacrum ratio (index ISG/sacrum), the sacroiliac/lumbar spine ratio (index ISG/LWS), and the left sacroiliac joint/right sacroiliac joint ratio (index li. ISG/re. ISG) were calculated. The visual interpretation of colour scans proved to be unreliable. The index ISG/sacrum was more sensitive than the index ISG/LWS. The index li. ISG/re ISG was helpful as an additional criterion. When digital sacroiliac joint scintigraphy is well standardized it can be considered as a useful technique in early diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Computed tomography evaluation of the sacroiliac joints in Crohn disease. Radiologic/clinical correlation.

Computed tomography (CT) was used in a prospective study of the sacroiliac joints in 86 patients with Crohn disease to determine the type and frequency of sacroiliac joint abnormalities present in this population. The CT findings were correlated with review of the clinical history in 64 patients. Computed tomography demonstrated changes of sacroiliitis in 29% of the study group. This high prevalence of sacroiliac joint abnormality was found even in those under 30 years of age. It exceeds the 11-19% previously reported from plain film examination, reflecting the greater sensitivity of CT. In the subgroup of 64 patients studied clinically, 19 (30%) had abnormal sacroiliac joints on CT, but only 2 (3%) reported symptoms related to the sacroiliac joints.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

The "axial sacroiliac joint".

This article describes an iliac prominence and a sacral cavity, located extracapsularly approximately 15 mm dorsal to the angle created by the auricular facies of the sacroiliac joint. These bony structures are often covered by cartilage on one side, usually on the iliac prominence. The sacral cavity is occupied by areolar tissue, rich in adipocytes. They interface very closely, forming an extracapsular junction, which we have named the "axial sacroiliac joint". The study comprised 27 anatomical specimens, 3 of which were found to be ankylosed. Among the remaining 24, and iliac prominence was demonstrated on 22, and a sacral cavity on all. Descriptions and measurements of the sacroiliac joint, the "axial sacroiliac joint", and the spatial relationships are presented, the sacroiliac joint being the joint of reference. The study includes microscopy of the "axial sacroiliac joint".

Humans↗

PubMed1978

[The sacroiliac joint after hip arthrodesis (author's transl)].

After an introductory chapter about the anatomy and the function of the sacroiliac joint we examined the influence of an arthrodesis of the hip joint on the sacroiliac joint. We observed that an arthrosis of this joint is being formed because of the change in statics and dynamics, which appears radiologically, but rarely clinically. Subjective symptoms, if existant, have their cause mostly in alterations of the lumbar spine. Finally we observed that alterations of the sacroiliac joint after an arthrodesis of the hip joint are mostly insignificant for the patient and do not influence the success of this operation.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Clinical usefulness of a cluster of sacroiliac joint tests in patients with and without low back pain.

STUDY DESIGN: Observation to examine the clinical usefulness of a cluster of sacroiliac joint tests. OBJECTIVES: To find the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (4 commonly used epidemiologic measures) for a cluster of sacroiliac joint tests in a group of subjects with and without low back pain. BACKGROUND: Sacroiliac joint testing is commonly used by orthopaedic physical therapists in the evaluation of patients with low back pain. METHODS AND MEASURES: Two hundred nineteen patients who either were being treated for low back pain or were being treated for some other condition not related to the low back participated in the study. The diagnosis of low back pain was obtained from the physician's prescription, which included low back strain, low back pain, or sacroiliac joint dysfunction, and the patient's pain drawing. RESULTS: The results were a finding of 0.82 for sensitivity, 0.88 for specificity, 0.86 for positive predictive value of a test, and 0.84 for negative predictive value of the cluster of tests. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that using a cluster of sacroiliac joint tests can be useful in identifying sacroiliac joint dysfunction in patients with low back pain.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

The sacroiliac joint in chronic low back pain.

STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional analytic study. OBJECTIVES: In relation to pain from the sacroiliac joint, this study sought to establish 1) its prevalence, 2) the validity of pain provocation, 3) whether any arthrographic abnormalities predict a response to joint block, and 4) whether certain pain patterns discriminate patients with this diagnosis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The true prevalence of sacroiliac joint pain is unknown and despite a plethora of clinical tests, none of these tests has been validated against an established criterion standard. To our knowledge, arthrography of the sacroiliac joint had never been studied. METHODS: Forty-three consecutive patients with chronic low back pain maximal below L5-S1 were investigated with sacroiliac joint blocks under image intensifier using radiographic contrast followed by 2% lignocaine. Information was obtained on pain provocation, analgesia, and image pattern. RESULTS: Thirteen patients (30%) obtained gratifying relief of their pain. Nine of these also exhibited tears of their ventral capsule. Groin pain was the only pain referral pattern found to be associated with response to sacroiliac joint block. CONCLUSION: The sacroiliac joint is a significant source of pain in patients with chronic low back pain and warrants further study.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Decrease in quadriceps inhibition after sacroiliac joint manipulation in patients with anterior knee pain.

BACKGROUND: Evidence exists that conservative rehabilitation protocols fail to achieve full recovery of muscle strength and function after joint injuries. The lack of success has been attributed to the high amount of muscle inhibition found in patients with pathologic conditions of the knee joint. Clinical evaluation shows that anterior knee pain is typically associated with sacroiliac joint dysfunction, which may contribute to the muscle inhibition observed in this patient group. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether sacroiliac joint manipulation alters muscle inhibition and strength of the knee extensor muscles in patients with anterior knee pain. DESIGN AND SETTING: The effects of sacroiliac joint manipulation were evaluated in patients with anterior knee pain. The manipulation consisted of a high-velocity low-amplitude thrust in the side-lying position aimed at correcting sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Before and after the manipulation, torque, muscle inhibition, and muscle activation for the knee extensor muscles were measured during isometric contractions using a Cybex dynamometer, muscle stimulation, and electromyography, respectively. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen patients (mean age, 30.5 +/- 13.0 years) with either unilateral (n = 14) or bilateral (n = 4) anterior knee pain. RESULTS: Patients showed substantial muscle inhibition in the involved and the contralateral legs as estimated by the interpolated twitch technique. After the manipulation, a decrease in muscle inhibition and increases in knee extensor torques and muscle activation were observed, particularly in the involved leg. In patients with bilateral anterior knee pain, muscle inhibition was decreased in both legs after sacroiliac joint adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Spinal manipulation might offer an interesting alternative treatment for patients with anterior knee pain and muscle inhibition. Because this clinical outcome study was of descriptive nature rather than a controlled design, biases might have occurred. Thus the results have to be verified in a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial before firm conclusions can be drawn or recommendations can be made.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Sacroiliac joint injection: a cadaveric study.

Eleven bony pelves were studied in an attempt to find an ideal approach for needle placement into the sacroiliac joint and to describe the unique anatomy of the sacroiliac joint relative to sacroiliac joint injection. A posterior approach starting 2 cm to 3 cm inferior to the posterior superior iliac spine, angled 20 degrees to 30 degrees laterally, relative to the sagittal plane, and 10 degrees to 20 degrees inferiorly, relative to the transverse plane, was found to be the best approach to the intra-articular portion of the sacroiliac joint.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

Does a pelvic belt influence sacroiliac joint laxity?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of different positions and tensions of a pelvic belt on sacroiliac joint laxity in healthy young women. BACKGROUND: Clinical experience has shown that positive effects can be obtained with different positions and tensions of a pelvic belt. A functional approach to the treatment of the unstable pelvic girdle requires an understanding of the effect of a pelvic belt on a normal pelvic girdle. METHODS: Sacroiliac joint laxity was assessed with Doppler imaging of vibrations. The influence of two different positions (low: at the level of the symphysis and high: just below the anterior superior iliac spines) and tensions (50 and 100 N) of a pelvic belt was measured in ten healthy subjects, in the prone position. Data were analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: Tension does not have a significant influence on the amount by which sacroiliac joint laxity with belt differs from sacroiliac joint laxity without belt. A significant effect was found for the position of the pelvic belt. Mean sacroiliac joint laxity value was 2.2 (SD, 0.2) threshold units nearer to the without-belt values when the belt was applied in low position as compared to the case with the belt in high position. CONCLUSIONS: A pelvic belt is most effective in a high position, while a tension of 100 N does not reduce laxity more than 50 N. RELEVANCE: Information about the biomechanical effects of a pelvic belt provided by this study will contribute to a better understanding of the treatment of women with pregnancy-related pelvic pain.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The sacroiliac joint dysfunction: clinical manifestations, diagnostics and manual therapy].

Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is one of the proved causes of sacroiliac joint syndrome. We are talking about the restricted mobility of sacrum opposite to ilium the type of "reversible blockage of movement". Main characteristics of dysfunction are as follows: restricted "joint play", referred pain, normal radiological finding, normal lab results and disappearance of clinical symptoms after deblocking of articular bodies. Pain from a blocked joint can be referred to lower back, buttocks, hip, groin, thigh, calf and lower part of abdomen. Dispersion of painful regions is a consequence of a complex and variable innervation of articular capsule. Blocked position of articular bodies and protracted tension of articular capsule causes a stimulus of nociceptors by which a capsule is protected. Nociceptive activity is manifested with referred pains in innervational region of stimulated sensitive nerves. In the article, besides the clinical manifestations, there is described a diagnostics and manual therapy of dysfunction. Springing tests by means of which a passive mobility ("joint play") is being tested, are most valuable in dysfunction diagnostics. Manual therapy (mobilization/manipulation) is indicated and efficacious with the patients suffering from dysfunction.

Humans↗