SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “SCLEROSIS, MULTIPLE”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed2005

Therapeutic strategies to prevent neurodegeneration and promote regeneration in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating and degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with lesions predominantly occurring in the CNS white matter. The current treatment for MS relies on therapies that primarily target the peripheral immune response. However, it is clear that these strategies alone are insufficient for treating the chronic progressive disability that is the ultimate outcome of the disease. Axonal degeneration may be the primary determinant of fixed neurological deficits in MS. Here, we will discuss the contribution of axonal damage to MS pathogenesis, and potential cellular and molecular targets in the prevention of neurodegeneration. In addition, we will discuss potential molecular approaches to promote repair of CNS components in multiple sclerosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Characteristics of handwriting of subjects with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is a widespread neurological disorder with a variety of symptoms, some of which are noticeable in handwriting. The handwritings of two groups of 23 subjects each (people with multiple sclerosis and a comparison group), matched for age and gender, were compared, using the Roman-Staempfli Psychogram, a graphological charting system with seven additional categories. Of 50 indicators examined, statistical analysis showed means of 37 to be significantly different. The one-way analyses of variance showed that 26 of the 32 indicators originally expected to be significantly different between the groups were. 14 of the 17 predictions of higher MS scores were significantly confirmed as were 11 of the 15 predictions of lower MS scores. These results suggest that neurological damage is reflected in handwriting and can be measured graphologically for physical or psychological characteristics. Possible reasons for variance from the hypotheses were discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Therapeutic immunomodulation in neurology: from hope to reality. Exemplified by multiple sclerosis].

Multiple strategies for specific therapies are presently attempted in multiple sclerosis, in which an autoimmune reaction leads to demyelinisation within the central nervous system. Similar approaches are generally used in other potential autoimmune diseases. They try to interfere with the presentation and recognition of putative autoantigens by the immune system and also with the inflammatory process that gives rise to the demyelinating lesion. The authors review extensively these various prospects and their immediate implications for multiple sclerosis patients.

Autoantigens↗

PubMed1995

Therapy for multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is hypothesized to be a cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against central nervous system myelin. Immunotherapy is directed at decreasing the autoimmune response using both specific and nonspecific modulation of the immune system in an attempt to halt accumulation of disability. Symptomatic therapy may also help multiple sclerosis patients.

Humans↗

PubMed2005

Potassium channels, memory T cells, and multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination and axonal damage that result in disabling neurological deficits. Here the authors explain the rationale for the use of inhibitors of the Kv1.3 K+ channel in immune cells as a therapy for multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune disorders.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid study in multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis ist a very frequent chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Since clinical and neuro-imaging findings often may be ambiguous, cerebrospinal fluid examination has received great importance for diagnosis. By that method it becomes possible to differentiate inflammatory from noninflammatory diseases. Furthermore, cerebrospinal fluid findings are discussed which seem to be characteristic for multiple sclerosis.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMed2003

Charles Bonnet syndrome: visual hallucination and multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a fairly common condition that affects approximately 350,000 people in the United States. It is associated with various neuropsychiatric symptoms including cognitive and behavioral symptoms. However, visual hallucinations are rare in multiple sclerosis without the presence of cognitive deficits. We are describing the case of a 40-year-old married white female with isolated complex visual hallucinations compatible with the Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS). The patient was successfully treated with the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

A pilot study investigating the effects of orally administered pentoxifylline on selected immune variables in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is probably mainly mediated by T-helper 1 (TH1)-lymphocytes. TH1-function can be down-regulated in vitro and in animal experiments by pentoxifylline. Therefore, we included 20 multiple sclerosis patients in an open label pilot trial of pentoxifylline. Outcome parameter was the effect of treatment on levels of various cytokines and adhesion molecules in cerebrospinal fluid and serum, on production of TH1- and TH2-cytokines using cell stimulation assays, as well as on measures of T-cell activation and proliferation. Kurtzke's EDSS was a secondary efficacy parameter. A convincing and consistent effect of pentoxifylline could not be demonstrated.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1999

[Treatment of symptoms and relapses of multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, with relapses. For more than 30 years steroids have been used in order to treat relapses. Available trials performed to determine which posology or administration route, and their efficacy, provided poor certitudes. Multiple sclerosis leads to symptoms that alter the quality of life. For fatigue, pain, spasticity and micturition disorder a treatment will be proposed.

Disease Progression↗

PubMed2005

The role of methallothioneins in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in which oxidative stress plays a pathogenic role. Metallothioneins are antioxidant proteins induced in the CNS under conditions where oxidative stress has taken place, such as tissue injury, stress, and some neurodegenerative diseases, which have been postulated to play a neuroprotective role. In this review we summarize recent progress in understanding the regulation and function of methallothioneins during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis definition is anatomical. Its symptomatology is not specific and 4 main criteria are necessary in order to obtain a diagnosis of certitude or of presumption: 1) dissemination of signs and symptoms in space and time; 2) respect of age; 3) the symptomatology must be the expression of lesions affecting mainly the white matter; 4) elimination of other possible diagnosis. CSF examination, evoked potential and NMR study may help to the diagnosis, but no abnormality is specific of multiple sclerosis.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2006

Predicting neuropsychological abnormalities in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is associated with MRI signal alteration and neuropsychological (NP) dysfunction. Screening tools have been developed to identify patients at high risk for these neurological complications of MS. One such measure, the Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Screening Questionnaire (MSNQ), has well-established reliability and predictive validity. In this article, we report on the accumulated findings derived from 162 consecutive research participants and MS clinic attendees. Our data show significant correlation between both patient- and informant-report MSNQ and NP impairment. As shown previously, larger, and more significant correlations are found between informant-report MSNQs than with patient-report MSNQs. In addition, we find that the MSNQ predicts follow-up NP testing 51 weeks after baseline with a similar degree of association. Finally, the MSNQ is correlated with MRI measures of whole-brain lesion burden and atrophy, secondary progressive course, and vocational disability. We conclude that the MSNQ is reliable and valid for detecting neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric complications of MS.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Urodynamics and multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is an enigmatic and devastating neurologic disease. Voiding dysfunction is common and the irritative and obstructive symptoms can be disabling to the patient. Voiding symptoms alone are unreliable predictors of bladder and urethral dysfunction secondary to multiple sclerosis. This article focuses on the central role played by urodynamic studies in the initial assessment and management of the lower urinary tract. Detrusor hyperreflexia is the most common urodynamic finding. However, a variety of urodynamic patterns can be seen and voiding function may change over time with this chronic neurologic disorder.

Humans↗

PubMed1998

[Childhood multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis begins before the age of 17 years in 0.4 to 0.5% of the cases, but the diagnosis is exceptionally made before the age of 10 years. Female predominance is more marked in early onset multiple sclerosis. The general features of the disease (clinical expression, progression, prognostic) and the findings of complementary explorations are comparable with those found when the disease begins in adulthood although acute onset and signs of brain stem involvement have been reported. The diagnosis must be made with prudence, especially when progression is slow from the beginning. An analysis of the influence of infective environmental factors and puberty has not provided new insight. Corticosteroids can be used in case of flare-ups. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach to maintain appropriate educational activities.

Age of Onset↗

PubMed1991

The otolaryngic manifestations of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is a disease characterized pathologically by the disseminated demyelination of central nervous system white matter and clinically by episodes of focal neurologic deficit that occur in a relapsing and remitting course usually over many years. In most cases progressively fixed deficits occur with resultant moderate to severe disability. Symptoms and signs of multiple sclerosis are reviewed, with emphasis placed on the protean manifestations and natural history of the disease.

Clinical Protocols↗

PubMed1982

[Immunology of multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease which involves only the central nervous system. The intrathecal immunologic response consists mainly of local antibody production by immunocytes located in the central nervous system. The role of such immunocytes is obscure. Investigations of the immunological status of multiple sclerosis patients have shown increases in some antiviral antibodies, a cytotoxic cellular response against central nervous system cells, and abnormal proportions of lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood. Impairment of immunological control mechanisms seems highly probable.

Antibody Formation↗

PubMed1990

Psychiatric disorders in the encephalitic form of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis lesions may occur predominantly in the hemispheric white matter and cause various psychiatric disorders such as remitting-relapsing endoform or exogenous psychosis, organic personality alterations and dementia. Nineteen patients suffering from this encephalitic form of multiple sclerosis as diagnosed by characteristic CSF immunoglobulin findings are analysed according to established psychopathological criteria. All cases began with psychiatric symptoms and neurological signs were either absent or overlooked. Several patients developed typical encephalomyelitic symptoms in successive relapses, but other remained with psychiatric disorders over many years. Only four patients had retrobulbar neuritis, but seven suffered from epileptic seizures. The humoral immune response was characterized by a strong dominance of IgG and a local synthesis of polyspecific antibodies against measles, rubella and varicella/zoster virus. The mononuclear CSF pleocytosis was comparatively marked with cell counts up to 180/microliter.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Ethical issues in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neurologic disease that follows a variable and uncertain course and has a profound effect on every aspect of the lives of patients and their families. Many ethical problems arise for patients, families, and caregivers. These include when and how to tell the patient the diagnosis, decisions about having children, various aspects of medical management and drug trials, concerns regarding quality of life, the effects and consequences of cognitive and psychologic impairment, and end-of-life issues. Ethical issues may also arise for the patient in relation to work and environment and to the impact of the disease on the family. This article is intended to prepare the physician who treats patients with multiple sclerosis to address these various problems.

Ethics, Medical↗