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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Perceived age and sex characteristics of voices of institutionalized children with Down's syndrome.

It was hypothesized that the voices of children with Down's syndrome would be perceived as younger than their true chronological age and that perceptual auditors would have considerable difficulty in identifying the correct sex of these children by voice alone. Perceived age and sex were investigated in 20 institutional children with Down's syndrome who were matched for sex and age with a control group of 20 normal children. Randomized matched verbal samples were played backwards to a group of 16 listener/judges who rated the samples as to age and sex. The results indicated that the voices of these Down syndrome children were perceived as being more than 2 yr. younger than their group mean age and that there was a negative correlation between the biological sex of such children and their perceived sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Architecture of the human skull cap in the region of the pars bregmatica suturae sagittalis. II. Sex characteristics].

There has previously been no treatise on the inner architecture of the human cranial vault other than those dealing with common "age changes". Such a treatise ought to refer to a particular segment of the vault demonstrate the peculiar structure according to age in both sexes, and also take into consideration their normal variability as presupposition for using the results in estimating the age of prehistoric skeletal material. With the help of thin sections across the sagittal suture and the adjoining cranial vault 10 mm behind the bregma findings about the specific structure as to age and sex and their expected variability are demonstrated by more than 200 cases taken from the recent population. According to the results in hand there exists a contradiction to the opinions hitherto existing about a distinct age dependence in the bone structure and distinct sex differences in the findings of the structures of the Ist order. Though data about changes in the anatomical construction of the human cranial vault during the ontogenesis are to be correctly obtained only with the help of longitudinal investigation, the crosssectional investigation produced only differences between the age classes. Real differences were not to be found, but there are to be derived possible tendencies of development for the calvarial thickness, for the relation between the compact bone (tabula externa, tabula interna) and the porous bone (diploë), of the porosity in the diploë and the obliteration of the suture in the course of increasing age. No significant sex differences were found but there are sex peculiarities or at least inclinations to it. The use of the findings taken from the cross-sectional aspect of the cranial vault in order to estimate the age at death and the sex as well as indications of possible individual peculiarities, at present ead to a sufficiently reliable diagnosis only within a polysymptomatical practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Age and sex characteristics of phospholipid composition of Wistar rat erythrocytes during postnatal ontogenesis].

The composition of phospholipids and fatty acids of erythrocyte lipids of intact mature Wistar rats and their progeny in the age of 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60, 90 and 110 days was studied with the methods of micro-thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography. Sex features and age mechanism of erythrocyte lipids composition forming in physiologically standard conditions were established. The fact that the composition of erythrocyte lipids of the untreated grown-up male rats in comparison with the female species is characterised with a lower concentration of phosphatidylinositol, a higher level of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, a higher saturation level of molecular types of phospholipids, was described. Three age periods of homeostasis of the erythrocyte lipids of the intact rats were distinguished. The postembryonic period (30-40 days after birth) is characterised with forming of the basic pool of erythrocyte lipids: getting to the stability in levels of the basic components of phospholipids and their fatty acids, coming out of phosphatidylinositol by the 40th day after birth. The period of sex-growing (60 days) is accompanied by spasmodic changes in the levels of fatty acids which is most common for female species: rapid increase in saturated and omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, decrease in monoene and omega 6 polyene fatty acids. The period of maturity (110 days) is characterised by a slow metabolism of structural lipids and a stabilisation of their composition.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1999

Effect of time interval from insemination to first cleavage on the developmental characteristics, sex ratio and pregnancy rate after transfer of bovine embryos.

In vitro produced bovine zygotes show substantial variation in the time required to complete the first cell cycle and in their in vitro development potential. A number of reports have highlighted the fact that the fastest developing embryos in vitro are most likely to be comparable with their in vivo counterparts. At 24 h after IVF, presumptive zygotes were cultured in droplets of synthetic oviduct fluid medium. Droplets were examined at regular intervals and all cleaved embryos at each time point were transferred into new droplets and cultured separately for the duration of the experiment. All uncleaved zygotes were returned to the incubator and re-examined at the successive time points until 48 h after insemination, at which time the remaining uncleaved oocytes were retained as a group. A representative number of day 7 blastocysts from zygotes that had cleaved by 30 or 36 h were transferred to synchronized recipients and pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasonography at day 35. Glucose and glutamine metabolism was examined in zygotes and blastocysts and compared retrospectively with time of first cleavage. A representative number of blastocysts from each of the cleavage groups was sexed using PCR. Data were analysed by chi-squared and regression analysis. Development to the blastocyst stage decreased as the time from insemination to first cleavage increased (r = 0.97, P < 0.03). There was no difference in blastocyst hatching, number of blastocyst cells or pregnancy rate between the 30 and 36 h groups. The overall sex ratio was 62% males (n = 258, P < 0.0001) and was not different in the 30 and 36 h groups (61%, n = 155 versus 63%, n = 95, respectively). These results indicate that although time of first cleavage has a major influence on the probability of an embryo developing to the blastocyst stage, once that stage is attained, subsequent developmental characteristics are unrelated to the time of first cleavage.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Urethral plug--a new secondary male sex characteristic in rat and other rodents.

The plug is an eosinophilic mass, partly homogenous and partly porous, filling the proximal urethra in rats and occasionally extending into the bladder. Its average weight in 131 adult rats was 0.063 g. These plugs are normally present in the urethra of adult male rats, and this seems to be the case for all laboratory Muridae and Cavidae. The absence of a plug in an adult male may be a sign of abnormality associated with failing health. There is an interesting similarity between the amino acid composition of the content of seminal vesicles, that of the urethral plug, and that of the copulatory vaginal plug in female rodents.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Body composition characteristics, sex hormone levels and circadian gonadotropin fluctuations in infertile young women.

The present study dealt with the interaction between body composition estimated by means of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, sex-specific fat distribution and sex hormone levels (LH, FSH, estradiol, prolactin, DHEA-S, androstendione, testosterone and SHBG) as well as LH and FSH fluctuations in infertile young women ageing between 18 and 30 years (x = 23.4 yr). Twenty patients suffered from polycystic ovaries (PCO), 15 women suffering from a mild anorexia nervosa were amenorrhoeic for more than one year. Marked associations between estradiol, testosterone, SHBG as well as the FSH output and body fat, bone mass and fat distribution were documented. PCO patients exhibited a high weight status and a typical android fat distribution which signals infertility comparable to postmenopausal women. In contrast, although anorexia patients had pathological decreased estrogen levels and were infertile at the time of investigation, their fat distribution was be classified as 'ypergynoid' and signals potential reproductive capability after a sufficient weight gain.

Adult↗