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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Numerical simulation of protein stamping process driven by capillary force.

Numerical simulations based on first-principle conservation laws of mass and momentum are performed to observe flow characteristics during the stamping process. The protein solution is transferred by a new design of microstamps with microchannels and printed on a bottom substrate. Furthermore, key physics of the stamping process and the control factors achieving uniform spot size can be identified and optimized after these simulations.

Adsorption↗

PubMed2004

Elastomeric transistor stamps: reversible probing of charge transport in organic crystals.

We introduce a method to fabricate high-performance field-effect transistors on the surface of freestanding organic single crystals. The transistors are constructed by laminating a monolithic elastomeric transistor stamp against the surface of a crystal. This method, which eliminates exposure of the fragile organic surface to the hazards of conventional processing, enables fabrication of rubrene transistors with charge carrier mobilities as high as approximately 15 cm2/V.s and subthreshold slopes as low as 2nF.V/decade.cm2. Multiple relamination of the transistor stamp against the same crystal does not affect the transistor characteristics; we exploit this reversibility to reveal anisotropic charge transport at the basal plane of rubrene.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Miniature personal electronic UVR dosimeter with erythema response and time-stamped readings in a wristwatch.

Personal ultraviolet radiation (UVR) dosimetry is important because sunlight is the most important risk factor for skin cancer and a risk factor for some eye diseases and immunosuppression and related disorders. Integrating devices, such as polysulphone film dosimeters, are generally used. To measure the exact dose at specific times, we have developed a personal electronic UVR dosimeter that makes time-stamped measurements. It has a sensor with an erythema action spectrum response and a linear sensitivity (dose-response) with no offset. The sensor has cosine response, and the dosimeter can cope with environmental conditions such as rain, temperature and dirt. It can be programmed to measure with different time intervals and save the average of a specified number of measurements in the memory that can store 32 000 time-stamped measurements. It is small (36 x 28 x 13 mm), weighs 14 g and can work for 4 months without maintenance. It is worn on the wrist, is equipped with a watch showing the time and may thus be used in large-scale studies. The sensitivity can change by 10% due to temperature changes from -5 to 40 degrees C. The UVR dosimeter sensitivity is 0.09 standard erythema doses (SED)/h and the difference in total received dose during 7 days between a Solar Light 501 UV-Biometer (186 SED) and our UVR dosimeter was 3% and the median difference in daily total dose was 2.2%. The dosimeter provides unique possibilities. Examples of personal UVR measurements, data calculations and how they can be interpreted are given.

Electronics↗

PubMed1982

A nutritional analysis of the Food Stamp Program.

Conflicting claims made both for and against the Food Stamp program have never been based on empirical evidence of its effects on the adequacy and the quality of diets of poor people. In this study, individual diets are measured against dietary standards appropriate for individuals and models of nutritional adequacy are constructed which make possible a determination of the program's impact on many different components of human nutrition. Two types of multiple regression models of nutrient sufficiency--ratios of dietary intake to standard as well as nutrient densities--were developed with dietary recall data from 181 and 195 subjects, respectively. These subjects were selected in a random, probability sample of a low-income area of Tulsa. Oklahoma in 1978 and all had annual household incomes which placed them at or below the poverty level. Separate models were developed for each of six nutrients, calories, protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin C, and a large number of covariates were included in these models to isolate the effects due to program participation. The results suggest that the effects of food stamps are not uniformly positive nor are they similar to the effects which could be expected under a less expensive system of direct cash payments.

Diet↗

PubMed1993

Giovanni Maria Lancisi: De bovilla peste and stamping out.

Giovanni Maria Lancisi (1654-1720) was a physician, archiater of the pope, well-known as an anatomist and epidemiologist, who made an important contribution to veterinary medicine of when rinderpest (cattle plague) affected Europe in the XVIIIth century. His times, his life and career and his main contributions to medicine are described. the main features of the great epidemic of rinderpest which started in 1711 are presented. His book De bovilla peste, published in 1715, illustrates the characteristics of cattle plague and, above all, the control measures is discussed. Of the control measures, the most relevant were the introduction of stamping out, with special instructions for the killing and burial of affected animals, the prohibition of animal movements, the adoption of special hygienic and political measures. The relationships between cattle plague and poverty and famine are described, together with the actions taken to deal with them. Lancisi points out the relationship between politics and history on the one hand and cattle plague on the other. He may be considered the modern co-inventor (along with Bates) of stamping out.

Animal Population Groups↗

PubMed2002

An unusual rubber stamp case.

Given a questioned document and a questioned pre-inked rubber stamp, comparisons of each can be made with a microscope or similar magnification device. If sufficient evidence exists, these questioned items can be linked even if the stamp was not used as it was originally designed.

California↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Definitive ability of Stamp-staining, antigen-ELISA, PCR and cell culture for the detection of Coxiella burnetii].

Many assays are used for the detection of the aetiological agent of Q fever, Coxiella burnetii, i.e. staining according to the method of Stamp, capture ELISA, PCR or isolation by cell culture. In this study the results of these four assays are compared for their sensitivity and specificity. Staining smears according to the method of Stamp gave many false positive or false negative results. The capture ELISA seems to be a very sensitive assay for the detection of Coxiella burnetii but it has a lack in specificity. It is a useful test system for the screening of large scales of samples. Positive ELISA results should be confirmed by PCR, a very sensitive and specific method for the detection of Coxiella burnetii but more time consumptive than the ELISA. Isolation of the agent using cell cultures was not completely satisfactory because of its lack in sensitivity. Therefore it should only be used in special cases.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Color separation of signature and stamp inks to facilitate handwriting examination.

The questioned documents laboratory often encounters cases where handwriting that is to be examined intersects with some interfering factor such as a rubber stamp, typewriting or background printing. In these cases, line direction, beginning and ending features of letters and other fine details of the handwriting may be lost in the "noise" of the intersecting ink. The purpose of this paper is to show several new digital photography methods that may be used to "subtract" the effect of the intersecting ink, thereby enhancing that of the handwriting ink in order to enable the document examiner to conduct a complete examination. These methods have the advantage of being fast and do not involve the use of expensive material or equipment. Several new methods are described that may be used to separate the colors of the handwriting ink from that of the intersecting ink: the analog method and several digital methods such as RGB-HSB-CMYK, L*a*b color, and color separation using the Channel Mixer function of Adobe Photoshop. Successful application of these color separation methods to specific handwriting ink/rubber stamp ink color combinations shows that the effect of the intersecting ink may indeed be minimalized if not canceled altogether. Application of the suggested methods may well make the difference between a nonconclusive handwriting examination and a full analysis of the questioned handwriting.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2004

Postage stamps as a health promotion tool in the Nepalese community.

Over the last 15 years the government of Nepal has issued postage stamps as a way of raising awareness of health issues in the general population and especially in remote communities. The topics covered by 8 different stamps are good child health care practices, combating drug abuse, hazards of smoking, prevention of AIDS, prevention of blindness due to cataract, fighting cancer and rehabilitation of disabled people.

Blindness↗

PubMed1994

PCR-based DNA typing of saliva on stamps and envelopes.

In forensic cases involving mail bombs, extortion, kidnapping or threatening letters, biological evidence such as the saliva used to attach the stamp and seal the envelope could be used for genetic analysis. We have developed a highly sensitive semi-nested PCR method for the HLA-DRB1 locus; suitable for the analyses of very limited amounts of DNA. When applied to a set of stamps and envelopes with saliva from control individuals, typing results were consistent with those obtained using hairs drawn from the same individuals. No interference was found due to DNA from the fingerprints of people handling the letters. The system was applied to three forensic cases with threatening letters. The first case resulted in an exclusion of the suspect. In the second case, the suspect could not be excluded (probability of identical genotype by chance > 0.01). These results demonstrate that biological evidence in cases with threatening letters is amenable to genetic typing.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2004

UV radiation exposure related to age, sex, occupation, and sun behavior based on time-stamped personal dosimeter readings.

OBJECTIVE: To assess individual time-related (time-stamped) UV radiation (UVR) dose pattern and sun exposure behavior. DESIGN: Open prospective observational study. SETTING: University hospital. Study Subjects Two hundred eighty-five Danish volunteers with apparently healthy skin: children, adolescents, indoor workers, sun worshippers, golfers, and gardeners (age range, 4-68 years). Measurements We developed a personal electronic UVR dosimeter in a wristwatch (SunSaver) and measured continuously time-related UVR doses in standard erythema dose (SED) and corresponding sun exposure behavior from diaries, resulting in 346 sun-years (median, 119 days). The estimated yearly UVR doses were calculated based on personal and ambient measured doses. RESULTS: The median estimated yearly UVR dose was 173 SEDs (range, 132 SEDs [indoor workers]-224 SEDs [gardeners]), with no significant difference by age (P =.25) or sex (P =.75). The SED of girls (175 SEDs) was significantly (P =.04) higher than that of boys (116 SEDs). Subjects younger than 20 years had an increase of 5 SEDs per year (P =.03). Sunbathing or exposing shoulders (risk behavior) outside the beach resulted in a median of 2.5 SEDs per day in northern Europe and 3.2 SEDs per day in southern Europe; however, at the beach, corresponding values were 4.6 and 6.9 SEDs per day. Children and adolescents received more than half their total UVR dose at the beach. Sunburning doses above 10 SEDs per day were connected with sunbathing or exposing shoulders. Of the UVR dose, 50% was received between noon and 3 PM. Only the gardeners received most of their UVR dose (55%) on working days. CONCLUSIONS: High UVR doses are connected with risk behavior, except for outdoor workers. There is no need to change sun exposure habits on days without risk behavior.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Sunburn related to UV radiation exposure, age, sex, occupation, and sun bed use based on time-stamped personal dosimetry and sun behavior diaries.

OBJECTIVE: To assess when sunburn occurs and who experiences sunburn by personal UV dosimetry and diaries. DESIGN: Open prospective observational study. SETTING: University hospital. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 340 Danish volunteers: children, adolescents, indoor workers, sun worshippers, golfers, and gardeners (age range, 4-68 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Subjects recorded sunburn and sun-exposure behavior in diaries and carried personal, electronic, wristwatch UV radiation (UVR) dosimeters that measured time-stamped UVR doses continuously for a median of 119 days covering 346 sun-years (1 sun-year equals 1 subject participating during 1 summer half-year). RESULTS: A typical sunburn day was a day off work (91%; odds ratio, 4.1) with risk behavior (sunbathing/exposing shoulders) (79%; odds ratio, 15.9) in May, June, or July (90%) for 6.4 exposure hours (interquartile range, 5-7.7 hours), of which 2.8 hours fell between noon and 3 pm. Subjects had a median of 1 sunburn per sun-year; adolescents, sun worshippers, and indoor workers had more than children, golfers, and gardeners (P<.05). Sunburn peaked at age 20 years, and female subjects had more sunburns than male subjects (P<.01). Skin type IV had fewer sunburns than types I through III (P<.01). Sunburned persons had more risk-behavior days and lower skin type (P<.01) than nonsunburned persons. The median UVR doses received were significantly higher on sunburn days than on nonsunburn days with risk behavior (P<.01). There was a significant correlation between sunburn size and severity; sunburn and sunscreen use; and sunburn and sun-bed use (P<.01 for all 3 comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: Sunburn was highly correlated with risk behavior. Reduction of risk-behavior days and/or exposure hours around noon can reduce sunburn. Sunburn was not found during breaks on normal full-time indoor work or school days.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Comparative evaluation of the Desoxycholate Agar Nissui Food Stamp and swab methods for estimating coliform organisms in poultry processing plants after cleaning in Japan.

Bacterial control in poultry processing plants is very important, but the swab method for estimating bacterial contamination is somewhat troublesome in routine work. We compared the Desoxycholate Agar Nissui Food Stamp (DA-NFS) based on the agar contact method with the swab method to estimate coliform organisms from various equipments in four poultry processing plants after cleaning. Overall 104 surfaces for coliform organisms were evaluated. The results from 98 (94.2%) surfaces for coliform organisms were equivalent by the DA-NFS and swab methods and there were no significant differences between two methods (P > 0.05). The correlation coefficient between the DA-NFS and swab methods was 0.91. We conclude that the DA-NFS could be useful for routine coliform organisms examination in poultry processing plants after cleaning in Japan.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

The "stamp method": a new treatment for perforated peptic ulcer?

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to develop a simple method for closure of a perforated peptic ulcer, making it more accessible for laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: An experimental pilot study was performed using five male Wistar rats. The perforation was closed by a bioabsorbable patch made of lactide-glycolid-caprolactone fixed with glue onto the outside of the stomach. RESULTS: Postoperatively, there were no signs of leakage or other complications. Histologically, there were no signs of inflammation on the inside of the stomach, and there was a 50% reduction of the perforation each successive postoperative week. No adverse reactions because of the degradable material or glue were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of a perforated peptic ulcer by placing a patch of biodegradable material like a "stamp" on the outside of the stomach is a feasible option.

Absorbable Implants↗

PubMed2006

Role of DC-STAMP in cellular fusion of osteoclasts and macrophage giant cells.

Osteoclasts are the only cells that can resorb bone matrix physiologically and maintain the bone content. Osteoclasts are derived from macrophage/monocyte lineage cells; stimulation by macrophage colony stimulating factor and receptor activator of NFkappaB ligand induces osteoclastogenesis. During osteoclastogenesis, preosteoclasts fuse to form multinuclear mature osteoclasts. Cellular fusion is a unique phenomenon and enables fertilization, myotube formation, and efficient bone resorption in vertebrates. To date, several molecules have been reported to be fusion related in osteoclasts, namely CD44, CD47, ADAM12, MCP-1, and CD9, although the molecules which regulate osteoclast cellular fusion remain unclear. Here, we show that the seven-transmembrane-region receptor dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) is required for cell-cell fusion of osteoclasts and foreign body giant cells.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗

PubMed1971

Testing colour confusability among a new range of decimal stamps.

Two experiments are reported in which the objective was to achieve minimal confusability among 14 colours required for the new lower-value range of decimal stamps. The main conclusion is that aesthetic considerations are largely incompatible with the criteria required to meet this objective. A symmetrically structured range of seven bright hues, each used at two levels of saturation, was found to have some advantages over an alternative unsymmetrical range which included more pleasing colours. This was mainly because the latter included greater variation along the brightness dimension, which produced large errors in recognition of darker hues. It could also have resulted from the greater nameability of colours made possible by combining hue and saturation cues systematically. The findings emphasise that absolute confusability of colour displays cannot be assessed reliably by viewing stimuli side-by-side, because this does not involve the imperfect mechanisms employed in colour recognition.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1980

Nocturnal penile tumescence monitoring with stamps.

A stamp technique was developed to detect complete nocturnal erections for the evaluation of impotence. The test correctly detected complete nocturnal erections in 22 potent men and absence of complete nocturnal erections in 11 impotent men (P value under 0.001). This is a simple, useful screening test for organic impotence.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Widely expanded postage stamp skin grafts using a modified Meek technique in combination with an allograft overlay.

A method for obtaining widely expanded postage stamp autografts, first described in 1963 by C.P. Meek, has been evaluated in our burns unit. The technique, in which an expansion ratio of 1:9 is achieved with the aid of special prefolded gauzes, was combined with an overlay of glycerol-preserved allografts applied 1 week after grafting. This delay did not appear to affect graft take. In a series of 16 consecutive skin graft procedures performed on 10 patients with extensive burns, the mean epithelialization rate was 90 per cent (range 70-100 per cent) within 5 weeks. Cosmetic results were comparable to those achieved with widely expanded mesh grafts. The Meek technique utilizes small pieces of autograft, and has proved to be a practical alternative to mesh grafts when donor sites are limited.

Adult↗