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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Observations on the diagnosis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

The case histories of four patients--one with recurrent aphthous stomatitis who had a "correctable" deficiency, one with pemphigus vulgaris, one with cicatricial pemphigoid, and one with lichen planus--are reviewed. All had oral ulcerations resembling recurrent aphthous stomatitis. These cases demonstrate the heterogeneity of lesions that might be diagnosed as "canker sores." The necessity for clinical correlation and specific laboratory, histopathologic, and immunopathologic diagnostic tests is delineated.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Identification of connexins in human oral mucosa and therapeutic effect of irsogladine maleate on aphthous stomatitis.

We identified connexins 26 and 32 in human oral mucosa. The presence of the connexins indicates the presence of gap junctions in this tissue. However, immunofluorescence study found no significant differences in the expression of the connexins between patients with aphthons stomatitis and controls. Irsogladine maleate, which reinforces gap junctional intercellular communication in vitro, was effective for the treatment of transient and relapsing aphthous stomatitis, as well as symptomatic and drug-induced aphthous stomatitis. It was also useful for prevention of episodes of relapsing aphthous stomatitis, with daily administration preverting recurrence of stomatitis for more than 4 years one patient. These findings suggest that irsogladine maleate accelerates the wound healing process in oral mucosa by reinforcing gap junctional intercellular communication among oral mucosal cells; and that it is useful for the treatment and prevention of aphthous stomatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

A recurrent aphthous stomatitis case due to paediatric Behçet's disease.

Behçet's disease is a rare condition in children and characterized by a triad of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, genital ulceration and uveitis. The aetiology is unknown, but systemic vasculitis is the main pathology. The oral lesions resemble Sutton disease, which is another form of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) that composes approximately 10 per cent of cases and is known as major aphthous stomatitis, can easily be overlooked if the other symptoms are not questioned. We presented a 12-year-old girl with the initial complaint of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. During the follow-up period, we observed the other cardinal signs of the Behçet's disease.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1996

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis vs. recurrent herpes: do you know the difference?

Herpetic and aphthous ulcers can be easily separated from each other on a clinical basis. Most patients who suffer from recurrent oral ulcers, suffer from one of the three forms of aphthous stomatitis that can be effectively treated. Unfortunately, the dental and medical professions are uninformed about recurrent oral ulcer etiology and proper therapies. The result is that large numbers of patients are repeatedly told there is no adequate treatment or control for their condition when in most cases that is not true. We should not permit that trend to continue. Our patients deserve better treatment from a more informed profession.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Clinical evaluation of the use of low-intensity ultrasound in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of low-intensity ultrasound in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. STUDY DESIGN: Fifty patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis were enrolled, and 35 patients completed this randomized crossover trial. The ultrasound was self-administered by twice daily use of an ultrasonic toothbrush. The level of aphthous ulcer activity was first observed for each patient with the use of either an ultrasonic or placebo toothbrush over a 6 month period. Patients were then observed for a 2 to 4 month period while using the alternate toothbrush. The level of ulcer activity was calculated as a numeric index: the total duration of sores divided by the period of observation. Statistical analysis was performed with the Student's t test. RESULTS: During the initial study period, the level of aphthous ulcer activity was lower for patients in the ultrasonic toothbrush group than for those in the placebo group (0.58 versus 0.78). This difference was not statistically significant. However, when the patients who used the placebo switched to the ultrasonic toothbrush, the level of aphthous ulcer activity dropped by 46% (O.81 to 0.44; p < 0.05). Those patients who started with the ultrasonic toothbrush worsened slightly after switching to the placebo. CONCLUSION: Routine use of low intensity ultrasound appears to have a modest beneficial effect on recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Levamisole treatment of a child with severe aphthous stomatitis and neutropenia.

The treatment of a 12-year-old girl with a lifelone history of recurrent infections and aphthous stomatitis is reported. A profound neutropenis, first noted at the age of 2 years, occurring at least every month was observed together with multiple mouth ulcers a sore throat and swelling of the jugular glands. Levamisole, originally described as an anthelmintic, has a beneficial effect on the symptoms of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. After levamisole treatment aphthous stomatitis was milder and in the 1-year follow-up period the patient was asymptomatic several times during a phase of obvious neutrophil depression. The child no longer complained of a sore throat with swelling of the jugular glands and the recurrent staphylococcal infections of the skin disappeared. After therapy a marked increase in monocytes at the moment of neutropenia was observed.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1985

Aphthous stomatitis with involvement of attached gingiva.

Involvement of the attached gingiva by aphthous stomatitis is considered uncommon. This report presents two cases in which patients with aphthous stomatitis developed ulcers on multiple mucosal surfaces, including the attached gingiva. The gingival ulcers began on the marginal gingiva and enlarged to form V- or U-shaped ulcers on the attached gingiva. Other disorders producing gingival ulceration were excluded on the basis of history, clinical features, bacterial culture, viral culture, and biopsy with routine microscopic study as well as direct immunofluorescence.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Hematologic status in recurrent aphthous stomatitis compared with other oral disease.

The hematologic status of 144 consecutive patients in the United Kingdom with oral disease (69 with recurrent aphthous stomatitis; 75 with other disorders) was examined in an attempt to resolve the controversy as to whether levels of hemoglobin, blood cell numbers and indices, and blood film are adequate in the screening of patients with aphthae. Though hemoglobin levels and red blood cell indices were normal in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis, there was still a small minority of patients with deficiencies of iron (low serum ferritin), folate (low red blood cell levels), or vitamin B12 (low serum levels) that would have remained undetected. Full hematologic screening of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis thus reveals latent deficiency states, at least in some parts of the world, and there are good reasons for elucidating the underlying cause and correcting these deficiencies, particularly vitamin B12 deficiency. Therapeutic studies are now required to establish the frequency with which deficiencies actually predispose to recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Elevated levels of interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukins 2, 4, and 5, but not interleukin 10, are present in recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate our hypothesis that recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), an inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa, is the result of an abnormal oral mucosal cytokine cascade leading to an enhanced cell-mediated immune response directed toward focal areas of the oral mucosa. DESIGN: Prospective nonrandomized case-control study. SETTING: Academic referral center PATIENTS: For part 1, 21 patients with RAS and 7 control patients; for part 2, 6 patients with RAS and 6 control patients. INTERVENTION: For study part 1, lesional and clinically normal oral mucosal biopsy specimens were obtained during an acute episode (within 72 hours of onset of ulcer) from 21 patients with RAS. Normal oral mucosal biopsy specimens were obtained from 7 healthy individuals, who served as controls. In study part 2, oral mucosal biopsy specimens were obtained from 6 RAS and 6 control patients at 24 and 48 hours after surgical trauma to those sites. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Detection of the following messenger RNA (mRNA) types by use of semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. For part 1, interleukins (IL) 2, 4, 5, and 10, interferon gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were measured. For study part 2, IL-10 and interferon gamma were measured. RESULTS: In part 1, elevated levels of IL-2, interferon gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNAs were detected in RAS lesions, consistent with a cell-mediated immune response. The IL-10 mRNA was not increased in RAS lesions. In addition, lower resting levels of IL-10 mRNA were detected in the clinically normal mucosa from patients with RAS, as compared with levels seen in the healthy controls. In part 2, at both 24 and 48 hours following trauma to the oral mucosa, the levels of mucosal IL-10 mRNA remained lower in patients with RAS than those observed in healthy controls, while interferon gamma mRNA levels were higher. CONCLUSION: Failure to suppress the inflammatory reaction initiated by trauma or other external stimuli, likely involving a functional deficiency of IL- 10 in the oral mucosa, appears to be important in the pathogenesis of RAS.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1994

Prevention of recurrent aphthous stomatitis with colchicine: an open trial.

BACKGROUND: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common disorder with hitherto unsatisfactory drug therapy. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the prophylactic effect of colchicine in the treatment of RAS. METHODS: An open, prospective, 4-month study was conducted in 20 patients with RAS who served as their own controls. During the first 2 months of the study no medications were given and in the last 2 months colchicine, 1.5 mg/day, was prescribed. RESULTS: The mean number of aphthae per week and the subjective daily pain scores were reduced by 71% and 77%, respectively, during colchicine treatment as compared with the previous period (p < 0.001 for both). No serious side effects of colchicine were noted. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest a role for continuous colchicine therapy in the prevention of RAS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Association between Helicobacter pylori and recurrent aphthous stomatitis in children and adolescents.

BACKGROUND: The recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common disease with unknown etiology. Helicobacter pylori has been shown to be the causative factor in peptic ulcers. Considering the similarities of histologic features between gastric and oral ulceration, we studied the possible involvement of H. pylori in the development of RAS. METHODS: A total of 105 children and adolescents were investigated--53 patients with RAS (case group) and 52 patients without lesions (control group). Specimens obtained by swabbing RAS lesions, intact oral mucosa, and dental plaque were submitted to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay. RESULTS: Helicobacter pylori was present in six patients of the case group (11.3%) and in three of the control group (5.8%). When the site of infection was studied, 9.4% of the RAS lesions were PCR positives. In the case group and control group, 5.7 and 1.9% of the specimens from dental plaque, respectively, and 5.7 and 3.8% of the specimens from the intact oral mucosa, respectively, were PCR positives. CONCLUSION: There was no association between RAS lesions and infection of the oral cavity by H. pylori in children and adolescents (P = 0.254).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Double-blind study of levamisole therapy in recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Forty-eight patients with diagnosed recurrent aphthous stomatitis participated in a randomized double-blind study of levamisole therapy. Each patient's response to treatment was determined by the following criteria: (1) days between attacks, (2) duration of lesions, (3) patient's self-evaluation of pain, (4) investigator's clinical evaluation of patient's subjective treatment response. Statistical analysis of the levamisole and placebo groups of criteria 1 and 2 above revealed no significant difference. In contrast to the above findings, analysis of the investigator's recordings of patient's subjective treatment response showed that 26% of the levamisole patients experienced marked or moderate improvement. None of the placebo patients were recorded as having experienced the same degree of benefit. Fourteen of 15 patients who complained of side effects were taking levamisole. The most common side effects were dysgeusia and hyperosmia.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed2005

Silver nitrate cautery in aphthous stomatitis: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Aphthous stomatitis is a painful, recurrent disease of the oral mucous membrane. Silver nitrate sticks have been used for a long time to provide pain relief for the duration of an aphthous ulceration, with only one application. Silver nitrate causes chemical cauterization and increases the depth of injury. OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of chemical cautery with silver nitrate in reducing pain of aphthous ulceration and to determine if this treatment shortens or prolongs healing. METHODS: In a randomized, patient-blinded, placebo-controlled study, 97 patients with painful minor oral aphthous ulceration were randomized to receive silver nitrate cautery or placebo. The severity of pain was rated on a three-category scale (severe, mild, none) and was recorded each day until the seventh day after the procedure. The lesion size was recorded at the time of the procedure and on the seventh day afterwards. In the treatment group, the ulcer was gently painted with a silver nitrate stick until it turned white. In the placebo group, the ulcer was gently painted with a placebo stick. RESULTS: In the treatment group, 33 of 47 patients (70%) evaluated and in the placebo group, four of 38 patients (11%) evaluated had reduction in severity of pain 1 day after the procedure. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). On the seventh day after the procedure, the ulcers were completely re-epithelialized in 39 patients (83%) in the treatment group and in 34 patients (89%) in the placebo group. The difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.39). CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study showed that one application of silver nitrate can decrease the severity of pain in aphthous ulceration without significantly shortening or prolonging healing time. We did not observe any side-effects in our study. The effect is rapid and lasts for the duration of the lesion. The treatment is simple and cost-effective in patients with infrequent recurrences.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Close association of HLA-B51 in persons with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

The HLA typing profile of 26 Israeli subjects with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) was examined and compared with that of 100 healthy control subjects. HLA-B51 was found in six subjects (23%) with RAS and in nine control subjects (9%) (p < 0.05). HLA-Cw7 was found in six subjects with RAS (23%) and in five control subjects (5%) (p < 0.01). Eleven subjects had first-degree relatives who had RAS. Because a high frequency of HLA-B51 has been found in Behcet's syndrome and aphthous stomatitis is part of this syndrome, it is suggested that in some subjects with RAS the entire syndrome may actually develop in the future.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effect of levamisole on the incidence and prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. A double-blind clinical trial.

Twenty patients with severe recurrent aphthous stomatitis were treated with a new drug, levamisole, to determine its effects upon the incidence and prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The trial, conducted in a non-crossover, double-blind fashion, did not demonstrate any statistically significant differences when levamisole and placebo groups were compared over time either in the number of ulcers, number of ulcer-days, mean duration of ulcers, or mean number of ulcers per day. Positive subjective results were experienced by the 10 patients receiving levamisole but these were not of sufficient magnitude to affect group mean differences.

Administration, Oral↗