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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Age-dependent presence of antibodies in rat dams, capable of conferring protection against group B Streptococcus infection in neonates.

A rat model was used to investigate maternal age-dependent resistance on group B Streptococcus (GBS)-induced mortality of the offspring. Offspring from young (first time) or older (repeat litters) dams were challenged with GBS. There was an approximate log difference in the dose of GBS required to cause identical levels of mortality in the two groups. The sera of the dams from both groups were analysed by whole-cell ELISA, and it was demonstrated that sera from the older dams possessed circulating IgG cross-reactive to GBS. Since IgG is transplacentally transferred, we conclude that this is the method of observed protection.

Aging↗
PubMed2001

Distribution of streptococcal inhibitor of complement variants in pharyngitis and invasive isolates in an epidemic of serotype M1 group A Streptococcus infection.

Streptococcal inhibitor of complement (Sic) is a highly polymorphic extracellular protein made predominantly by serotype M1 group A Streptococcus (GAS). New variants of the Sic protein frequently appear in M1 epidemics as a result of positive natural selection. To gain further understanding of the molecular basis of M1 epidemics, the sic gene was sequenced from 471 pharyngitis and 127 pyogenic and blood isolates recovered from 598 patients living in metropolitan Helsinki, Finland, during a 37-month population-based surveillance study. Most M1 GAS subclones recovered from pyogenic infections and blood were abundantly represented in the pool of subclones causing pharyngitis. Alleles shared among the pharyngitis, pyogenic, and blood samples were identified in throat isolates a mean of 9.8 months before their recovery from pyogenic infections and blood, which indicates that selection of most sic variants occurs on mucosal surfaces. In contrast, no variation was identified in the emm and covR/covS genes.

Alleles↗
PubMed2026

Interaction analysis of miRNA and mRNA reveals the regulatory mechanism of immune response in golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) spleen to Streptococcus iniae infection.

Streptococcus iniae is a major warm-water pathogen that cause high mortality and severe economic losses in golden pompano industry. In the present study, we performed the mRNA-miRNA integrated transcriptomic analysis of spleen of golden pompano challenged with S. iniae to explore the possible regulatory mechanism to bacterial infection. In total, we excavated 5072 DEGs, of which 2765 up-regulated and 2307 down-regulated genes. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs were primarily enriched in immune-related pathways, such as proteasome, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, p53 signaling pathway, lysosome, phagosome, Herpes simplex virus 1 infection. Additionally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to extract hub genes. And the result showed that 4 hub genes, comprising cd4, il10, tnfsf2, myd88, may play vital roles in response to S. iniae infection. Furthermore, a total of 46 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified, containing 23 known and 23 novel DEMs. By integrating mRNA and miRNA joint analysis, we established a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, including 12 miRNAs and 14 genes. Among them, novel-miR-357 were identified as a multi-target hub miRNA. These results provide important insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of immune response and inflammation processes in the defense of golden pompano against S. iniae infection.

Integrative interaction↗
PubMed2000

[Fulminant streptococcus infection of soft tissue].

BACKGROUND: In recent years there has been an apparent increase in severe infections produced by group A beta-hemolytic Streptococci in developed countries. Necrotizing fascitis and myositis are two rare but fearsome complications caused by this microorganism. METHODS: Two cases of fulminant soft tissue infection recently observed in the authors' center are presented and the clinical presentation and differential diagnosis commented upon. RESULTS: The first case was a necrotizing fascitis at a surgical wound which appeared following a gynecological surgery. The second case reports gluteal myositis following intramuscular injection. In both cases the evolution was disastrous. CONCLUSIONS: Streptococcus pyogenes may produce fulminant infections in patients without underlying disease either spontaneously or following minimum traumas. The most frequent involvement is of the soft tissues. This virulence at a local tissue and systemic level has been associated with the production of exotoxin.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

Haemolytic streptococcus infection of chronic maxillary sinusitis. An immunological study using the skin window test.

The SWT was performed on 30 patients with chronic haemolytic streptococcus maxillary sinusitis, and 5 controls with no streptococcus in their nose and throat. Foreign and patient's own organism were used as antigen. The lymphoblastic transformation was higher in control streptococcus free patients than in chronic maxillary sinusitis, more when using foreign than patient's own organism. The failure of cellular immune response as a contributory factor to chronicity of maxillary sinusitis is discussed. The possible value of prepared foreign streptococcus vaccine in prevention and treatment is mentioned.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

An outbreak of group B streptococcus infection in a neonatal nursery and subsequent trial for prophylaxis of nosocomial transmission.

An outbreak of sepsis and meningitis caused by group B streptococcus occurred in three very low birthweight infants. To prevent further nosocomial transmission, immune globulin and ampicillin sodium were administered intravenously to other very low birthweight infants. After this prophylaxis, no other infants were involved in this outbreak. Immuno- and chemoprophylaxis may be considered as procedures to prevent nosocomial infection for very low birthweight infants.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1993

Inhibition of the scarlet fever exanthem in concurrent varicella and group A streptococcus infection.

An atypical scarlet fever exanthem was noted in a 5-year-old child with varicella complicated by secondary group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus pneumonia and empyema. The rash consisted of symmetrical, concentric, circular exanthem-free zones surrounding individual varicella vesicles. The possible role of virus-induced interferon in locally modifying the effect of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin is explored.

Chickenpox↗
PubMed1996

Intrapartum chemoprophylaxis for group B streptococcus infection to prevent neonatal disease: who should be treated?

The purpose of this study was to examine the maternal risk factors associated with early onset Group B streptococcus (GBS) sepsis and determine the potential impact of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis using these risk factors. Using a computerized perinatal database, 26,525 deliveries over a five-year period (1989 to 1994) were identified. Neonates with GBS-positive cultures were identified and the neonatal and maternal chart of each case was reviewed. Twenty-six neonates (1 of 1000) had GBS sepsis documented by blood or cerebrospinal fluid culture. Maternal risk factor(s) were identified in 13 (50%) cases: preterm labor (5), preterm premature rupture of the membranes (5), prolonged rupture of membranes (6), sibling affected by symptomatic GBS infection (2), or maternal fever during labor (5). There were four mothers whose neonates had GBS sepsis in spite of intrapartum antibiotics. Intrapartum chemoprophylaxis for GBS based on risk factors alone will identify only half of the neonates who develop disease. Extension of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis to patients with risk factors appears to be necessary to prevent early onset disease in the other half. Since 85.7% of our total obstetrical population has no risk factors, this policy would require treating 1749 women to prevent one case of GBS sepsis. Chemoprophylaxis could be more appropriately targeted if mothers colonized with GBS could be identified in early labor.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

A non-hemolytic, group B Streptococcus infection of cultured bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, in Brazil.

A systemic streptococcal infection in cultured bullfrogs in Brazil was characterized by necrotizing splenitis and hepatitis with hepatic and renal hemorrhage. A non-hemolytic Group B Streptococcus appeared to be the cause of the lesions, and the stimulus for the splenic reticuloendothelial hyperplasia observed in the animals. Stress may have been a factor in the development of the pathological condition.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[A case of invasive group A Streptococcus infection which was successfully treated with linezolid].

A 53-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with a high fever and pain in the right arm. He was diagnosed as toxic shock-like syndrome by Streptococcus pyogenes. His arm was amputated because of necrotizing myositis and his renal damage was severe, he was treated in the intensive care unit with continuous hemodiafiltration. Bacteria were isolated from blood, ascites, pleural effusion, skin, and muscle. He was treated with a large amount of ampicillin, clindamycin, and gammaglobulin. However, his general status became worse. His illness improved after linezolid was administered. The reason for the success in treatment with linezolid, which was the inhibitory effect on bacterial toxin and its excellent penetration into the tissue.

Acetamides↗
PubMed2001

Invasive Group C Streptococcus infection associated with rhabdomyolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation in a previously healthy adult.

Infections with Group C Streptococci can lead to severe disease, particularly in individuals with underlying illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, malignancy or immunosuppression. We report the first case of rhabdomyolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation secondary to Group C Streptococcus in a previous healthy male. A toxic shock-like syndrome associated with Group C and Group G Streptococci has been reported. However, unlike with Group A Streptococci, production of endotoxins by these organisms is less well defined. We tested the patient's isolate for its ability to produce superantigenic toxins and to induce a mitogenic response. Although it is not known whether Group C Streptococci require special growth conditions for the production of superantigens, we could not demonstrate either the production of exotoxins or the induction of a mitogenic response.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A microtitration agglutination test for detecting group E streptococcus infection in swine.

A microtitration agglutination test was developed and evaluated for detecting infection of swine with group E streptococci type IV, the most common causative agent of streptococcic lymphadenitis of swine. Whole cell agglutinogens representing group and type antigens of group E streptococci were tested in the microtitration agglutination test against reference antisera to Streptococcus groups A, B, C, D, E, F, G. H, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and U, as well as specific antisera to types II, IV and V of group E. Group E specific agglutinogens were unsatisfactory in the microtitration agglutination test because of cross reactions with group P and U antisera and because of poor reproducibility of the test. Type specific agglutinogens of group E streptococci reacted only with their respective homologous antisera and not with any heterologous group antisera. None of the group E streptococci agglutinogens reacted with 52 normal swine sera. Agglutinogen made from group E streptococci type IV was selected for further evaluation in the microtitration agglutination test because group E streptococci types II and V are considered to be of minor importance in the etiology of streptococcic lymphadenitis of swine. Swine experimentally infected with a type IV strain developed significant titers in the microtitration agglutination test. All swine tested negative before exposure and seroconverted (titer >/=4) two to six weeks postexposure.The microtitration agglutination test was used by two different laboratories to test 187 duplicate samples of serum from infected swine. A total of 94.1% of the tests were read at either the same titer (48.1%) or a difference of not more than one dilution (46.0%) at the two laboratories. There was disagreement between the two laboratories in the test-positive test-negative status of 19 of the sera (10.2%). Titers of two of the sera differed by two dilutions (<4 at one laboratory and 8 at the other). The remaining 17 sera differed in titer by only one dilution (<4 at one laboratory and 4 at the other).

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1998

[Other infections (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Nocardia asteroides, Rhodococcus equi and Bartonella spp.)].

People infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at increased risk for bacterial infections due to HIV-associated immunologic defects. Bacterial infections were found to be, both a predictor of progression to AIDS and a substantial cause of mortality in pre-AIDS stages. Most bacterial infections are caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Salmonella spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Rhodococcus equi, Nocardia spp., Campylobacter spp. and Bartonella spp. are less common. Data derived from two AIDS Clinical Trials Group studies showed that the most common bacterial infections were sinusitis (8.5 per 100 episodes per person years [py]), bacterial pneumonia (5.0 per 100 py), bronchitis (4.1 per 100 py) and soft tissue infections (3.5 per 100 py). In this review clinical characteristics and treatment recommendations according to data available in the literature for these infections are summarized.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

Antistreptolysin O and antideoxyribonuclease B titres in blood donors and in patients with features of nonsuppurative sequelae of group A streptococcus infection in Tanzania.

Antistreptolysin O (ASO) and antideoxyribonuclease B (ADN B) titres were determined on sera from blood donors in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and from Bergen, Norway and were compared with titres in patients with features of postgroup A streptococcal diseases in Dar es Salaam. The upper limit of normal ASO titres in Dar es Salaam was 200 mu/ml and for ADN B it was 300 u/ml while in Bergen the upper limit of normal ASO titre was 250 u/ml and that of ADN B was 100 u/ml. Titres of ASO in Dar es Salaam and Bergen were consistent with those from sub-Saharan Africa and from other continents. Upper limit of normal ADN B titres in adults in Dar es Salaam were higher than those in Bergen probably due to higher frequencies of group A streptococcal skin infections in Dar es Salaam than in Bergen. Patients with features of postgroup A streptococcal diseases in Dar es Salaam had antibody titres above the upper limits of normal in 32.8% of the patients for ASO and in 45.9% for ADN B. ASO and ADN B titres or ASO and any other reliable test for antibody to group A streptococcus should be utilised together in providing strong evidence of recent infection with the group A streptococcus or of postgroup A streptococcal disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Invasive Group A Streptococcus Infection: Four Case Series of Re-Emerging Pathogens.

INTRODUCTION: Group A Streptococcus (GAS), particularly the M1UK lineage, has re-emerged as a major global public health concern following the COVID-19 pandemic, with a rise in invasive GAS (iGAS) and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). Although STSS is under national surveillance in Japan, comprehensive molecular monitoring of iGAS infections remains limited, and the clinical characteristics of M1UK-associated iGAS have not been fully elucidated. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed four consecutive iGAS cases requiring intensive care between March and May 2024. Detailed clinical, microbiological, and genomic investigations were performed to characterize the causative strains and their associated virulence profiles. RESULTS: All patients required respiratory and/or circulatory support with surgical debridement. Three cases involved necrotizing fasciitis, and one involved intra-abdominal infection secondary to ovarian tumor rupture. All four patients received penicillin G and clindamycin as definitive antimicrobial therapy, with two developing severe drug-related adverse events. Genotypic analysis identified three isolates as emm1 strains, including two M1UK lineage strains. The two M1UK isolates commonly harbored multiple superantigen genes. All isolates remained susceptible to &#x3b2;-lactam, clindamycin, and macrolide antibiotics. CONCLUSION: This case series documents the identification of the M1UK lineage among critically ill patients with iGAS infections in Japan. Our findings support the need for continued molecular surveillance while reinforcing the importance of prompt surgical source control and appropriate antimicrobial therapy in the management of severe iGAS.

Group A Streptococcus↗
PubMed1987

Streptococcus suis infections in Danish pigs and experimental infection with Streptococcus suis serotype 7.

During a two-year period, Streptococcus suis serotypes 1-8 were isolated from 108 pigs examined at the laboratory. S. suis serotypes 2 and 7 represented 75% of the isolates. S. suis serotype 7 was isolated more frequently than reported from other countries, and mostly from piglets less than 3 weeks of age. Experimental inoculation of 7-day-old piglets with S. suis serotype 7 provoked severe illness within a week in 6 out of 7 animals. By bacteriological and pathological examination it was found that S. suis serotype 7 was pathogenic to piglets, giving rise to septicemia with predilection for joints, serous membranes and meninges.

Animals↗