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99 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Isocyanate emission from PUR adhesives: influence of temperature, monomer content, and curing mechanism.

The isocyanate emission potential of polyurethane (PUR) adhesives was evaluated by measuring the area-specific emission rate (SERa;microg m(-2) h(-1)) in a laboratory emission test chamber. The chamber was constructed for the analysis of reactive substances allowing quantitative trapping of all isocyanate monomers emitted from the substrate. Isocyanates were analyzed as their 1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine derivatives by HPLC with fluorescence and UV detection. The influence of temperature, the content of the diisocyanate in the resin, and the system pressure were investigated. These parameter studies gave evidence thatthe diisocyanate emission from the resins is a gas-phase-limited mass transfer. The overall mass-transfer coefficient (beta = Ddelta(-1)) was calculated for HDI and MDI. From the temperature dependence of emission rates, the enthalpies of evaporation for 2,4'-MDI, 4,4'-MDI, and HDI from their resins were determined. The influence of monomer content on SERa followed Henry's and Raoult's laws in the cases of HDI and MDI, respectively, allowing the prediction of emission rates proportional to diisocyanate content. Therefore, from simple parameters such as application temperature and monomer content, isocyanate emission rates can be predicted. Additionally, MDI emission from curing PUR adhesives was studied. These results elucidate the influence of monomer reactivity and curing mechanism on the decrease of MDI emission with time.

Adhesives↗
PubMed2001

Thrombopoietin levels of thrombocytopenic term and preterm newborns with infection.

We measured Thrombopoietin (Tpo) levels in thrombocytopenic term and preterm babies with infection to investigate the relationship between thrombopietin levels and platelet counts. Sixteen preterm (27-34 weeks' gestational age) and 5 term neonates (38-41 weeks' gestational age) with the diagnosis of neonatal infection and thrombocytopenia (platelets <150 x 10(9)/L) but, without the evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation, were prospectively enrolled in the study. Fifteen preterm (27-34 weeks' gestational age) and 9 term (38-40 weeks' gestational age) age-matched healthy neonates were enrolled in the study as control. Blood samples were obtained from each subject at the time when infection and thrombocytopenia were detected and stored until assay. Bacterial infection was confirmed by blood cultures in five patients and by tracheal cultures in five. Median Tpo levels of term controls were lower than those of preterm controls (62 pg/mL vs. 87 pg/mL) (p <0.05). Median Tpo levels of thrombocyopenic preterm patients were higher than the levels of healthy preterms (258 pg/mL vs. 87 pg/mL) (p <0.05). Similarly, median Tpo levels of sick terms were significantly higher than those of healthy term controls (209 pg/mL vs. 62 pg/mL) (p <0.001). There was not significant difference between the median Tpo levels of term and preterm babies with infection (258 pg/mL vs. 209 pg/mL) (p >0.05). There was no correlation between platelet counts and Tpo levels in both term and preterm groups. The results of our study show that healthy term and preterm babies have detectable levels of Tpo and preterm babies have higher Tpo levels than term infants. Although thrombocytopenic babies with infection have increased levels of Tpo, these levels are still lower than the levels of thrombocytopenic children/adult patients and there seems to be no correlation between platelet counts and thrombopoietin levels. So our observation of increased Tpo levels may still be inadequate for normal platelet production in this period. and this group of babies may also be candidates for the administration of recombinant human Tpo.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed2003

Microbial population dynamics in an anaerobic CSTR treating a chemical synthesis-based pharmaceutical wastewater.

Effects of a chemical synthesis based pharmaceutical wastewater on performance of an anaerobic completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR), activity of acetoclastic methanogens and microbial composition were evaluated under various influent compositions. Initially, the CSTR was fed with glucose up to an organic loading rate (OLR) of 6 kg COD/m3 x d corresponding to an F/M ratio of 0.43 with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2.5 days. A COD removal efficiency of 92% and a methane yield of 0.32 m3 CH4/kg COD(removed) were achieved whilst specific methanogenic activity (SMA) was found to be 336mL CH4/gTVS x d. After the CSTR was fed with pre-aerated wastewater diluted by glucose in different dilution ratios of 10% (w/v), 30% (w/v), 70% (w/v), and 100% (w/v) pre-aerated wastewater, gradual decreases in COD removal efficiency to 71%, methane yield to 0.28 m3CH4/kg COD(removed) and SMA to 166 mL CH4/gTVS d occurred whilst volatile fatty acid concentration reached to 1474 mg/L. After the raw wastewater diluted with the pre-aerated wastewater was fed into the CSTR in increasing ratios of 10% (w/v), 30% (w/v), and 60% (w/v), there was a proportional deterioration in performance in terms of COD removal efficiency, methane yield and acetoclastic methanogenic activity. Epifluorescence microscopy of the seed sludge revealed that Methanococcus-like species, short, and medium rods were found to be equally dominant. The short and medium rod species remained equally dominant groups in the CSTR throughout the feeding regime whilst Methanococcus-like species and long rods were found to be in insignificant numbers at the end of the study. Changes in archael diversity were determined using molecular analyses such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and denaturent gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Results showed that overall archeal diversity did not change much whereas changes in composition of eubacterial population occurred.

Bioreactors↗
PubMed2006

Dexmedetomidine decreases emergence agitation in pediatric patients after sevoflurane anesthesia without surgery.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether prophylactic use of 1 microg x kg(-1) dexmedetomidine affected the incidence of emergence agitation (EA) after sevoflurane based anesthesia without surgery in children. METHODS: In a double-blinded trial, 42 children (ASA I-II,18 months to 10 years) undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination were randomly assigned to receive dexmedetomidine 1 microg x kg(-1) iv or placebo after induction of anesthesia. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) were monitored. Anesthesia was induced in all patients, irrespective of group, with 8% sevoflurane in 50-50% O2/N2O and maintained with 1.5% sevoflurane in 50/50% O2/N2O. Agitation parameters were assessed with a 5-point scale and measured every 5 min. Delirium was defined as agitation score of > or =4 for > or =5 min. Anesthesia and procedure times and per- and postoperative side effects were recorded. RESULTS: The HR, MAP, and SpO2, spontaneous arm or leg motion times and purposeful movement times showed no significant differences between the two groups. The time of removing the LMA, and the time of eye opening with verbal stimuli was shorter in group P than the group D (P = 0.007 and P = 0.01). The time of discharge to recovery room and the time of discharge from hospital were similar in the two groups. The mean agitation scores in the dexmedetomidine group were significantly lower than the placebo group except at 30 min (P < 0.0001, P = 0.001, P = 0.002, P = 0.013 and P = 0.001). The incidence of emergence agitation was 47.6% in group P, and 4.8% in group D (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: We concluded that a 1 microg x kg(-1) dose of i.v. dexmedetomidine reduces EA after sevoflurane anesthesia in children undergoing MRI.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed2006

Characteristics and prevalence of non-syndrome multiple supernumerary teeth: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the radiological and clinical findings of non-syndromic multiple (five or more) supernumerary teeth in patients radiographically examined between 1999 and 2004. METHODS: Among 9550 patients, 251 cases of supernumerary teeth were found, including six cases of multiple supernumerary teeth. Patients with multiple supernumerary teeth were evaluated for age, sex, unilateral or bilateral distribution of the teeth, localization, morphology and complications or associated pathologies such as dentigerous cysts, eruption anomalies, resorption of adjacent teeth, displacement of tooth germ, malformation, migration, neurological symptoms, and secondary and periapical infections. RESULTS: All patients were male and most of the multiple supernumerary teeth were seen in the premolar region. The prevalence of multiple supernumerary teeth was 0.06%. Out of 37 multiple supernumerary teeth examined, 30 were impacted. Various associated anomalies were seen in 21.6% of cases. Although the mean age was high (23.1 years), no pathologies such as root resorption on adjacent teeth or cystic formation were observed, in contradiction of previous studies. CONCLUSION: In agreement with previous studies, the majority of supernumerary teeth were seen in the lower premolar region. That all patients with multiple supernumerary teeth were male and that most of these teeth were impacted was also in agreement with previous studies. The order of location frequency in previous studies has been premolar-molar-anterior; we found the order to be premolar-anterior with no supernumerary molar teeth observed. It was also interesting that no serious pathological findings were recorded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Optimization of some additives to improve protease production under SSF.

In a locally isolated Rhizopus oryzae strain highest-production of protease (388.54/g wheat bran) was observed in presence of Tween-80 and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate individually at 40mg/g wheat bran concentration. Under solid state fermentation biotin (0.0025mg/g wheat bran); Ca2+ (0.05mg/g wheat bran) and 1-Naphthyl acetic acid (0.01mg/g wheat bran) also showed some inducing effect on the synthesis of the enzyme protease by solid state fermentation.

Biotin↗
PubMed1992

Two-dimensional NMR studies on 1-10 fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone.

Various two-dimensional NMR techniques have been used to obtain complete resonance assignments of the protons in the 1-10 fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). 1H-1H coupling constants among the backbone protons and the chemical shift values measured in aqueous and in dimethyl sulphoxide solutions indicated preference for extended but different conformations in the two solvents.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed2006

Apical leakage of Resilon obturation material.

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the apical sealing ability of Resilon obturation material. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Forty-two single rooted extracted human teeth were selected and randomly divided into three groups. They were obturated using lateral condensation with gutta-percha and AH 26/AH plus and Resilon; also, 12 root canals were used as control groups. The apical leakage was measured using the dye penetration methodology. RESULTS: The teeth filled with gutta-percha and AH 26 displayed the most apical leakage. The least apical leakage was shown with Resilon. DISCUSSION: The differences in leakage among the groups, gutta-percha with AH 26 (2.4 mm, SD:1.87), gutta-percha with AH plus (2.1 mm, SD: 1.69), and Resilon (1.7 mm, SD:1.32), were statistically significant (p< 0.001). CONCLUSION: Based on the data of this study, all groups produced a satisfactory seal. However, Resilon and Epiphany sealer showed the least apical leakage.

Bismuth↗